机械设计第二十一章

1、附篇（Add.）1电子解题辅导E-problem-solving tutorialsA1-1A1-2A1-3A1-4A1-5A1-6A1-7A1-8A1-9A1-10A1-11A1-12A1-13A1-14A1-15A1-16A1-17A1-18A1-19A1-20A1-21A1-22A1-23A1-24A1-25A1-26A1-27A1-28A1-29A1-30A1-31A1-32A1-33A1-34A1-35A1-36A1-37A1-38A1-39A1-40A1-41A1-42A1-43A1-44A1-45A1-46A1-47A1-48A1-49返回RETURN A1-1.判定两平面是否相

2、互垂直。Determine whether the two planes are perpendicular to each other. A1-2.过给定的点作一平面垂直于两已知平面。Construct a plane through the given point and perpendicular to the two given planes. A1-3.作一平面垂直于直线AB，用过点C的两相交直线表示之（只用两面投影作图）。Construct a plane that is perpendicular to line AB. Represent the plane with two

3、intersecting lines through point C. Use only the two projections. A1-4.完成矩形ABCD的投影（只用两面投影作图）。Complete the projections of a rectangle ABCD. Use only the two projections. A1-5.三角形ABC位于直线DE的垂直平分面内，试完成其水平投Complete the horizontal projection of a triangle ABC which lies on the perpendicular bisecting plan

4、e of line DE. A1-6.平面CDE垂直于直线AB，试完成其水平投影（用辅助投影法）。Complete the horizontal projection of plane CDE which is perpendicular to line AB. Use the auxiliary projection method. A1-7.平面ABD垂直于平面ABC，试完成其水平投影。Plane ABD is perpendicular to plane ABC. Complete the horizontal projection. A1-8.作一平面与已知平面的形状、大小相同且垂直于

5、已知平面。所作平面位于已知平面之下。直线AB是两平面的交线。Construct a plane that is equal in size, identical in shape, and perpendicular to the given plane. the constructed plane lies below the given plane. Line AB is the line of intersection between the two planes. A1-9. 过三角形ABC的三个顶点画一个圆，并作出该圆的所有投影。Draw a circle through the t

6、hree corners of triangle ABC and show the circle in all projections.A1-10.过点O作一直线平行于平面ABC和平面DEF。Through point O, construct a line parallel to the planes ABC and DEF.解题步骤 A1-11.作一直线通过点O，平行于平面ABC，且与直线DE相交。 Draw a line that contains point O, is parallel to plane ABC, and intersects line DE. A1-12.求两平行直

7、线间的距离。Determine the distance between the parallel lines.解题步骤 A1-13.完成等腰三角形的投影，使直线AB为其两腰之一，并使其底边位于直线BD上。 Complete the projections of an isosceles triangle having line AB as one of its two equal sides and its base on line BD.解题步骤 A1-14.一个圆过A、B两点，其圆心在直线CD上，试确定该圆心的位置（只用两面投影作图）。Locate the center of a cir

8、cle that passes through points A and B and has its center on line CD. Use only the two projections.解题步骤 A1-15.在直线AB上，求出与两直线CD和EF等距的一点P。On line AB find a point P equidistant from lines CD and EF.解题步骤A1-16. 在平面ABCD上求出一直线与直线EF垂直相交。On plane ABCD find a line perpendicular to and intersecting line EF.解题步骤

9、A1-17.试过点O作一直线垂直于直线DE并平行于平面ABC（所作的直线与直线DE成交叉垂直）。Through point O, pass a line perpendicular to line DE and parallel to plane ABC. (The constructed line and line DE are skew perpendicular lines.)解题步骤A1-18.作一正方形ABCD，使顶点A在直线EF上，顶点C在直线BG上。Construct a square ABCD with its corner A on line EF and corner C

10、on line BG.解题步骤A1-19.两平行直线AB和CD间的真实距离为15mm。完成直线CD的正面投影。The true distance between the two parallel lines AB and CD is 15 mm. Complete the frontal projection of line CD.A-20.用点投影法求两直线间的最短距离。将最短连接线返回到所有投影中去。 Find the shortest distance between the two lines, using the point projection method. Project th

11、e shortestconnector back into all projections.A-21.求两直线间的最短距离，并在各投影中画出最短连接线。Determine the shortest distance between the two lines, show the connector in each projection.*A1-22.求直线与平面间夹角，并判定可见性。Determine the angle between the line and the plane and determine visibility.*A1-23.求平面ABCD与平面ABEF间的夹角。Deter

12、mine the angle between planes ABCD and ABEF.*A1-24.确定点与直线间的最陡连接线。Establish the steepest connector between the point and line.A1-25.求直线CD与圆柱的穿点，并定其可见性。Determine the piercing points and the visibility of line CD and the cylinder.A1-26. 求一般位置平面与圆柱的交线。Determine the intersection of the general position p

13、lane and the cylinder.A1-27. 求一般位置平面与圆柱的交线。(用辅助投影法。) Determine the intersection of the general-position plane and the cylinder. Use the auxiliary projection method.A1-28. 求直线CD和斜圆锥的穿点，并定其可见性。Determine the piercing points and the visibility of line CD and the oblique cone.A1-31. 求圆锥与回转体的交线。Determine

14、the intersection of the cone and the surface of revolution. A1-32. 求水平圆柱、直立圆柱及圆锥的交线。Determine the intersection of the horizontal cylinder and the vertical cylinder and cone.A1-33. 完成多形体相交的投影。Complete the projections of the intersecting shapes. A1-34. 画一圈导程为48mm的左旋圆柱螺旋线，从左下方开始。Draw one turn of a left

15、-handed cylindrical helix with a lead of 48 mm. Start from the lower left side. A1-35. 完成柱状面的两面投影。母线的各个位置（素线）借助于分每一圆导线为12等分来确定。Complete the two projections of the cylindroids. Positions for the generatrix (element) are established by dividing each circular directory into 12 equal parts. A1-36.作右旋斜螺旋

16、面的两面投影。导程为54mm，母线角为45度。从给定实长投影的素线处出发画完整的一圈，并在侧面投影中作出给定平面与该螺旋面的交线。Draw two projections of a right-handed oblique helicoids. The lead is 54 mm, with a 45-degree generatrix angle. Draw one complete turn starting from the given true length element. Show the intersection of the given plane and the helico

17、ids in the profile projection.A1-37. 过点A作一平面与斜圆柱相切。Draw a plane through point A and tangent to the oblique cylinder.A1-38. 过点A作一平面与斜圆锥相切。作出两可能解。 Draw a plane through point A and tangent to the oblique cone. Show twopossible solutions.A1-39. 过圆球表面上的点A作一平面与该圆球相切。Draw a plane tangent to the sphere and

18、containing point A on its surface.A1-40. 过圆环表面上的点A作一平面与该圆环相切。Draw a plane tangent to the tours and containing point A on its surface.A1-41. 用旋转法求三脚架每条腿的实长。Using rotation, determine the true length of each of the tripod legs.A1-42. 用旋转法求直线的实长及其与水平面间的夹角。作辅投影进行验证，可使用基准面。Using rotation, determine the tr

19、ue length of the line and the angle the line makes with the horizontal plane. Verify by projecting an auxiliary. Reference planes may be used.A1-43.用旋转法求直线的实长及其与正面间的夹角。作辅投影进行验证，可使用基准面。Using rotation, determine the true length of the line and the angle the line makes with the frontal plane. Verify by

20、 projecting an auxiliary. Reference planes may be used.A1-44. 用旋转法求直线与侧面间的夹角。Using rotation, determine the true angle between the line and the profile plane.A1-45.用旋转法完成直线的水平投影，该直线长60 mm. Using rotation, complete the horizontal projection of the line that has a length of 60 mm.A1-46. 用旋转法完成直线的水平投影，设

21、直线与正面间夹角为30。 By rotation, complete the horizontal projection of the line if the true angle between the line and the frontal plane is 30.A1-47.过点A作一50mm长的直线AB（=30,=45）。所作直线往后下方向倾斜。Construct a 50 mm line AB through point A（=30,=45）.The constructed line slants downward and backward.*A1-48. 用二次旋转法求平面的实形及平面与水平投影面间的夹角。 Using double rotation, determine the true shape of the plane and the true angle between the plane and the horizontal projection plane.*A1-49.用二次旋转法求平面ABC与平面ABD间的夹角。 Us