高考英语高频语法词汇解析及练习20

1、高考高频语法词汇解析及练习（1）（按选项出现的频度高低排列）that.弓I导名词性从句， 只起连接作用，无具体意义。A story goes that Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.（上海 2004NMET）.关系代词,用于限制性定语从句。如：Is this the reason that he explained at the meeting for hiscarelessness in his work?（上海

2、春 2002NMET）.程度副词, 等于 so.如：Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasHt always that much to do. （广东 2004NMET ）.用于强调句型中, 起连接作用。如：Why! I have nothing to confess. What is it that you want me to say? （上海 2004NMET）.替代词，既可替代可数名词，表特指；又可替代不可数名词，后接of。如：Im moving to countrysidebecause the ai

3、r there is much fresher than that in the city.（江苏 2005NMET）【考例 11 The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is programmed; to make us do so.（07上海卷,40）A. when B. why C. whether D. that （D）【考例 2 Where did you get to know her?It was on the farm we worked. （07 山东卷，30）A. that B. there C. which

4、 D. where （D）【考例 3 Little joy can equal of a surprising ending when you read stories. （07 四川卷，32）A. that B. those C. any D. some （A）【考例 4 Having checked the doors were closed, and all the lights were off, the boy opened the door tohis bedroom. （07 湖南卷，28）A. why B. that C. when D. where （B）【考例 5 -He

5、got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.When was?-was in 2000 when he was still in college. （07 浙江卷，10）A. that; This B. this; ItC. it; This D.that; It （D）【考例 6】The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from spoken inEngland. （08 全国卷 I, 33）A. which B. w

6、hat C. that D. the one （ C）【考例 7】It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.（08全国卷 II, 20）A. that B. how C. which D. when （A）【考例 8 Animals suffered at the hands of Man they were destroyed by people to make wayfor agricultural land to provide food for more people. （08 江西卷， 34）A. in which B.

7、for which C. so that D. in that （ D）【考例 9】 It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.（08天津卷，8）A. how B. which C. that D. where （C）【考例 10】It was not until midnight they reached the camp site. （08 重庆卷，22）A. that B. when C. while D. as （A）【考例 11 Could you tell me how to

8、get to Victoria Street? Victoria Street?is where the Grand Theatre is. （08 辽宁卷，26）A. Such B. There C. That D. This （C）【考例 12】 Shall we go out for dinner tonight? 一. （08 浙江卷，20）A. You are rightB. It must be funnyC. That sounds great D. Have a nice time （C）【考例 13】Ive heard a whisper David and Heather

9、are heading for marriage.（08 四川延考区，4）A.what B. which C. who D. that （D）【2】what.弓I导名词性从句， 担任句子成分。 如：A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.（天津 2004NMET）.疑问代词，指不定范围的什么 。如：What do you think I should do to make up for the lost time?.whatever 弓I导名词性从句和让步状语从句。如：These wild flow

10、ers are so special that I would dowhatever I can to save them.（北京春 2000NMET）.用于感叹句中。 如：What terrible weather weve been having these days! （NMET1992）.在情景交际中的用法：What for?（表原因，译作“为何”）What s up?（相当于 What s happening?）So what?（表是 又怎么样呢？”）What a shame!（表遗憾）What s more.（表递进）What s wrong?（表焦虑）.What?（请对方部分重复

11、时常用的表达用语。还可表示惊奇，对方不必作答。）如：-Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?-What for? （NMET2004）【考例 1 matters most in learning English is enough practice. （07 全国卷 II ）A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which （A）【考例 2 he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. （07 上海卷）A. That B. What C.

12、 Whether D. Where （B）【考例 3 worries me is the way he keeps changing his mind.（07 山东卷）A.This B. That C. What D. It （C）【考例 4 The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make it is. （ 07 天津卷）A. what B. which C. how D. where （A）【考例 5 Choosing the right dictionary d

13、epends on you want to use it for. （07 江苏卷）A. what B. why C. how D. whether （A）【考例 6】By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of you read. （07 上海卷）A. that B. what C. which D. whether （B）【考例7】 The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of

14、transport in the 21st century.（08 北京卷，30）A. whichB. that C. what D. who （C）【考例 8 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（08福建卷，27）A. ItB. What C. As D. Which （B）【考例 9】 When asked they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.（08 湖南卷，29）

15、A. what B. why C. whomD. which （A）【考例 10】 was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （08 山东卷，23）A. ItB. This C. WhatD. As （C）【考例 11】 People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. （08重庆卷，25）A. that B. which C. what D. how（C）【考例 12】Some children want to challe

16、nge themselves by learning a language different fromtheir parents speak at home. （08 浙江卷，6）A. what B. that C. which D. one（A）【考例 13】 The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit the season. (08 全国卷25)A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however (A)【3】where.从属连词，引导地点状语从句。如：The famous scientis

17、t grew up where he was born and in 1930 hecame to Shanghai.(上海春 2002NMET).关系副词。用于定语从句 。如：There were dirty marks on her trousers where she had wiped her hands.连接副词，用于名词性从句。如： You are saying that everyone should be equal and this is where Idisagree. (NMET2004)【考例 1 After graduation she reached a point

18、 in her career she needed to decide what to do. (07福建卷，32A. that B. what C. which D.where (D)(此题考查定语从句)【考例 2 Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity sight matters more thanhearing. (07 天津卷,11)A.when B.whose C.which D.where (D)【解析】where引导定语从句修饰 activity,在从句中作状语。答案为 D项。【考例 3 So

19、me pre-school children go to a day care center,they learn simple games and songs.07 全国卷I, 22)A. then B. there C. which D. where (D)【解析】where引导非限制性定语从句，在句中作状语。选 D.【考例 4】The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago. (07 福建卷， 27)A. when B. which C. that D. where (D)【解析】The village是先

20、行词，where引导的被分割的定语从句。选 D.【考例 5】Today, well discussa number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. ( 07 陕西卷，20)A. which B.as C. why D. where (D)【解析】此题考查定语从句。先行词cases*定语从句中作状语， 相当于in those cases为“情况”“境况”。 选D.【考例 6】 Where did you get to know her?It was on the farm we worked. (0

21、7 山东卷，30)A. that B. there C. which D. where (D)【考例 7】Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That s the best jobs are. (07 浙江卷，5)A. where B .what C. when D. why (A)【考例 8】 All the neighbors admire this family.the parents are treating their child like a friend. (08 安徽卷，26)A. why B. where C. which D. that

22、(B)【考例 9】 I ll give you y friend s home address, I can be reached most evenings. (08 北京卷，28)A. whichB. when C. whomD. where (D)【考例 10】Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (08 江西卷，35)A. where B. when C. who D. which (A)【考

23、例 11】 You d better not leave the medicine kids can get at it. (08 山东卷,31)A. even if B. which C. where D. so that (C)【考例 12】 Tomorrow is Tom s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held?(08陕西卷，8)A. what B. which C. that D. where ( D)【考例 13】They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay f

24、or two or three days. (08 重庆 卷，21)A. where B. there C. which D. when （A） 4 which.疑问代词，指一定范围的什么 ,常译作哪一个。如：Which do you prefer to kill your spare time-watching TV or reading?.关系代词，也可指代整个句子，但有别于as,不能置于句首；“介词+which”用法一直是高考热点。如:The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which a

25、re sold abroad.（辽宁 2004）.连接代词， 用于名词性从句中。如：I read about it in some book or other, does it matter which it was?（北京春2001）【考例 1 Chan s restaurant on Baker Street,used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. （07浙江卷,14）A. that B.which C. who D.where （B）【考例 2 By serving others, a person focuses on

26、someone other than himself or herself,can be very eye-opening and rewarding. （07 湖南卷，32）A. who B. which C. what D. that （B）【考例 3 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree they can be controlled on purpose. （07 重庆卷，30）A. with wich B. to which C. of which D. for which （B） 【考例

27、 4 It is reported that two schools,are being built in my hometown, will open next year. （07 四川卷，27）A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which （D） 【考例 5】He was educated at the local high school,he went on to Beijing diversity? （ 07 江苏卷，A. after which B. after that C. in which D.in th

28、at （A） 【考例 6】His movie won several awards at the film festival,was beyond his wildest dream. （07 上海卷，37）A. which B. that C. where D. it （A） 【考例 7】Eric received training in computer for one year,he found a job in big company. （07 辽宁卷，24）A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this （B）考例 8 T

29、he road conditions there turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect. （08 全国卷 II, 16）A. it B. what C. which D. that （C）【考例 9】 By nine o clock,all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,appeared a rare rainbow soon. （08 福建卷， 31）A. of which B. on which C. from

30、which D. above which （D）【考例 10】The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, are beyond our control.（08 湖南卷，31）A.most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that （ B）【考例 11】 The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds. （08 陕西 卷,13）A. the hands of wh

31、omB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands ofD. the hands of which（D）【考例 12】 For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further,NewYork is an example. （08 四川卷，4）A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which （C）【考例 13】 The Science Museum,we visited during a recent trip to Britain

32、, is oneof London s tourist attraction08 江苏卷， 24）A. which B. what C. that D. where (A)【考例 14】 Yesterday she sold her car,she bought a month ago. ( 08 浙江卷，8)A. whom B. where C. that D. which (D) it.替代词it，替代同一事物而非同类事物，也可指代前面整个句子。如：Toms mother kept telling himthat he should work harder, but it didnt he

33、lp. (NMET1993).先行词it ,用于名词性从句中，作形式主语或宾语。如：I like it in the autumn when the weather isclear and bright. (NMET2004).引导词 it ,用于强调句型中。如：It was not until midnight that he went back home after theexperiment.(广东 2004).虚意it ,无具体意义，用来指时间、距离、天气等或较笼统、较模糊的情况。如：Id like to take a weeks holiday.Forget it. We re to

34、o busy. ( NMET2004 ).人称彳词it ,指动物或无生命的东西，如：Bill s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, isnt it?(上海 2004) 考例 1 I don t mind her criticizing me, but is how she does it that I object to.(07 福建卷，31)A. it B. that C. this D. which (A) 【考例 2 Have you heard the latest new

35、s?No, what? (07 全国卷 I , 21)A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those (A)【考例 3】He didnt make clear when and where the meeting would be held. (07 天津卷)A. this B. that C. it D. these (C)【考例 4 felt funny watching myself on TV. (07 全国卷 II , 7)A. One B. This C. It D. That (C)【考例 5 In my opinion, life i

36、n the twenty-first century is much easier than. (07 安徽卷， 25)A. that used to beB. it is used toC. it was used toD. it used to be(D)考例 6 -How much do I owe you for lunch? -. It s nothing08 天津卷，9)A. You re welcome B. Forget it C. With pleasure D. That s right ( B) 6 when.引导时间状语从句 。如：Dont be afraid of a

37、sking for help when it is needed. (NMET2003).类似并列连词，表 at that time,常用于 be about to do . when, hardly.when 等句型中。如：We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.(北京春 2004NMET ).表原因，同 since。如： Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already?(NMET1998).连接副词，用于名词性从句中。 如：I

38、remember when this used to be a quiet village. (NMET1993).关系副词，用于定语从句中。 如：The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that far-away village. (NMET2001).whenever 弓I导名词性从句和让步状语从句。如：You can eat food free in my restaurant whenever youlike.(重庆 2004).表让步, 同 even if.如：The enemy h

39、eld out when they must have known there was no hope. 【考例 1】 Wheres that report?I brought it to you you were in Mr.Black s office yesterday. (07 北京卷，25)A. if B. when C. because D. before (B)【考例 2 The book was written in 1946,the education system has witnessed great changes. (07 山东卷，35)A. when B. duri

40、ng when C. since thenD.since when (D) (考查状语从句)【考例 3】 Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year. ( 08福建卷，28)A. that B. which C. whenD. where ( C)【考例 4】 Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids. (08 山东卷，26)A. who B. which C. why D. when (D)【考

41、例 5 There were some chairs left over everyone had sat down. (08 四川卷，6)A. when B. until C. that D. where (A)【考例 6 The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park. (08 天津卷，12)A. where B. how C. when D. why (C)【考例 7】I used to love that film I was a child, but I don t feel it that way

42、08ny more.江苏卷，32)A. once B. when C. since D. although (B)考例 8 Jane is back in May, by the new house should be finished.(08 四川延考区，14)A. which B. that C. whom D. when (D)【7】an/a/the.结合语境，分析特指与泛指。考例 1 I looked under bed and found book I lost last week. (07 北京卷) TOC o 1-5 h z A. the; a B. the; the C. /;

43、 the D.the; /(B)【解析】根据语境，两空均为特指。故选Bo【考例 2】 An accident happened at crossroads a few meters away from bank.A. a;a B. /; a C. /; the D. the; /(A)【解析】依句首an accident可知，这是听说的一件事，故两空均为泛指。.表示类别，分清整体和个体。The表示“人或物整体的一类；a/an表示一类人或物中的任何一个。 换言之，the是从种类整体讲的，而 a/an则是从种类个体的角度讲的。【考例 3】Alexander Gaham Bell invented

44、telephone in 1876.(NMET1991)A. / B. a C. the D. one (C)【解析】the是从整体角度讲的。【考例 4】Nowadays, mobile phone is _ popular means of communication.A. the; a B. a; / C. the; the D. a; the (A)【解析】第一空表整体中的一类用the;第二空表一种方式用 a.注意名词，分清抽象与具体。【考例 5】We have every reason to believe that 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be

45、 success. A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a D. a; a (C)【解析】第一空表特指；第二空success抽象名词具体化。【考例 6 For many Beijingers, dreams of living in green area are becoming reality.A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. a; the (A)【解析】第一空表泛指选a;第二空抽象名词具体化。【考例 7】It s not good idea to drive for four hours whout break. (08 全国卷 1, 8)A.

46、a ; a B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the (A)【考例 8 Have you heard news? The price of petrol is going up again ! (08 湖南卷，22)A. the, the B.不填，the C. the,不填 D.不填，不填(C)【考例 91 -I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.-It is not your fault. With _ rush-hour traffic and _ heavy rain, it is no wonder

47、 you werelate. (08 江西卷,30)A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a(B)【考例 10】 Students should be encouraged to use Internet as resource. ( 08 山东卷，21)A.不填；a B.不填；the C. the; the D. the; a (D)【考例 11】I ate sandwich while I was waiting for 20:08 train. (08 陕西卷，10）A. the, a B. the, the C. a, theD. a, a （C）【考例

48、12】 In many places in China, bicycle is still poplar means of transportation. （08 重庆卷，27）A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the （C）【考例 13】21. We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving acrosscontinent. （08 江苏卷，21）A. the eth B. / the C. the D. /（B）【考例 14】 My neighbor asked me to

49、 go for walk, but I don tthink I vgotenergy. （08 辽宁卷，24）A. a;不填 B. the; the C.不填；the D. a; the（ D）【考例 15】 In the United States, there is always flow of people to areas of countrywhere more jobs can be found.（08 四川卷， 8）A. a; theB. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a （A）【考例 16】 apple fell from the tree and hi

50、t him on head. （08 浙江卷，2）A. An; the B. The; the C. An;不填 D. The;不填（A）while.引导时间状语从句，从句谓语动词为延续性动词。如：-Im going to the post office.-While you re there, can you get me some stamps? （NMET1999）.并列连词，表两相对照。 如：The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, while the quality of life is probabl

51、y one of the highest.氏津 2006）.引导让步状语从句， 表”部分接受，并非全部。如：While I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.（江苏 2006）【考例 1 I really dont like the art, I find his work impressive. （07 山东卷，29）A. As B. Since C. If D. While （D）【考例 2 Id like to study law at university my cousin prefers geo

52、graphy. （07 四川卷，29）A. though B. as C. while D. for （C）【考例 3 the Internet is of great help, I don t think it s a food idea to spend too much timeon it. （08 湖南卷，33） A. If B. While C. Because D. As（B）【考例 4 In some places women are expected to earn money men work at home and raisetheir children. （08 四川卷

53、,12） A. but B. while C. because D. though （B）as.关系代词，引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。如：As is often the case, we have worked out theproduction plan. （江苏 2004）.用作介词，表“作为或用在动词 treat, recognize等之后。 如：I feel that one of my main duties as a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.（广东 2004）.从属连词，引导状语从

54、句，表“让步、时间、方式、比较、原因等。 如：Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as father was away in France. （ NMET1994 ）As the day went on, the weather got worse. （NMET1990）It is reported that the United States uses twice as much energy as the whole of Europe.（NMET2004III）.as常见搭配：as good as目一样好

55、；实际上，几乎等于）as well （as）（也；与一样好），as much（如止匕），as far as （据），not so much as （不如 ）等。 如： As long as I know the money is safe,I shall not worry about it.（北京 2003）How far apart do they live?As far as I know, they live in the same neighbourhood.（上海 2003）John plays football as well as, if not better than, Da

56、vid. （ NMET1994 ）【考例 1 , his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.（07 重庆卷，34）A. Strange as might it soundB. As it might sound strangeC. As strange it might soundD. Strange as it might sound（D）【考例 2】The Beatles,many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. （05 全国卷 I）A. si

57、nce B. when C. as D. while （C）【解析】as引导的非限制性定语从句。【考例 3 His plan was such a good one we all agreed to accept it.（06 陕西卷）A. as B. that C. so D. and （B）【解析】accept后有宾语it,所以这是suchthat.引导的结果状语从句。【考例 4 John is the tallest boy in the class,according to himself.（ 05 安徽卷）A. five foot eight as tall asB. as tall

58、 as five foot eightC. as five foot eight asD. as tall five foot eight as（B）【解析】as引导的比较状语从句。【考例 5】31. Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?I don t mind where we get there s sun, sea and beach.A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that（B） （08全国卷 I , 31）【考例 6】 My English teacher s hum

59、or was make every student burst into laughteT08 江西卷，22）A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D. so that （ B）【考例 7】 Ten years ago the population of our village was that of theirs. （ 08 陕西卷，16）A. as twice large asB. twice as large asC. twice as much asD. as twice much as（ B）考例 8 I like this jacket be

60、tter than that one, but it costs almost three times.（08 浙江卷，3）A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many （A）【考例 9】 Let s learn to use the problem we are facing a steppingstone to future success.（08全国卷I, 24）A. to B. for C. as D. by （C）当作【考例 10】-I think you d better type this letter again before Mmit