架构设计Chapter10ArchitecturalDesign课件

1、Chapter 10Architectural DesignSoftware Engineering: A Practitioners Approach, 6th editionby Roger S. Pressman1第1页，共18页。Software ArchitectureThe software architecture of a program or computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise the software components, the externally

2、visible properties of those components, and the relationships among them. Bass. et al.2第2页，共18页。Why Architecture?Architecture is a representation of a system that enables the software engineer to:analyze the effectiveness of the design in meeting its stated requirements,consider architectural altern

3、atives at a stage when making design changes is still relatively easy, andreduce the risks associated with the construction of the software.3第3页，共18页。Data DesignArchitectural level Database designdata miningdata warehousingComponent level Data structure design4第4页，共18页。Architectural StylesEach style

4、 describes a system category that encompasses:a set of components (e.g., a database, computational modules) that perform a function required by a system,a set of connectors that enable “communication, coordination, and cooperation” among components,constraints that define how components can be integ

5、rated to form the system, andsemantic models that enable a designer to understand the overall properties of a system.5第5页，共18页。Specific StylesData-centered architectureData flow architectureCall and return architectureObject-oriented architectureLayered architecture6第6页，共18页。Data-Centered Architectu

6、re7第7页，共18页。Data-Flow Architecture8第8页，共18页。Call and Return Architecture9第9页，共18页。Object-Oriented Architecture10第10页，共18页。Layered Architecture11第11页，共18页。Architectural PatternsConcurrencyoperating system process managementtask schedulerPersistencedatabase management systemapplication level persisten

7、ceDistributionbroker12第12页，共18页。Architectural DesignArchitectural context diagrams model how software interacts with external entitiesArchetypes are classes or patterns that represent an abstraction critical to the systemArchitectural components are derived from the application domain, the infrastructure, and the interface.13第13页，共18页。Arch. Context Diagram14第14页，共18页。Safe