情态动词的教案

1、情态动词(Modal Verbs)共6课时Period 1Studying Aims:know more about the Modal Verbs.Create the student s interests of English.Master the usage about can.may.must.need.had better and so on. Studying Important and Difficult Points:Master the usage about can.may.must.need.had better ”Check list before class:Def

2、inition:Studying Procedure:Step1.Lead- in.教师提问：情态动词都有哪些？.师生之间相互问候，引出情态动词。Step2:Presentation.情态动词有 can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would),dare (dared), need (needed), ought t等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。二.情态动词的用法can用法1)表示能力，与be able to同义，但can只用于现在时和过去时，be able to

3、可用 于各种时态。Two eyes can see more than one.注：Can you ？ Yes, I can / No, I can t.I ll not bebe to come this afternoon.当表示经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.表示允许、请求用could比can语气更加委婉客气，常用于 could I /you.包型中，若表示同意时，用can回答而不用could.Co

4、uld I borrow the book ? No, you can t.Can I go now?Yes, you can. / No, you can t.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。-Could I come to see you tomorrow?Yes, you can. （ No, I m afraid not.）.表示推测 可能（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），常用于否定句.疑问句和感叹句中。（can 表示一定不是）Can this be true?This can t be done by h

5、im.How can this be true?It can t be true. Can it be true?4）表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。They ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.may用法1）表允许，请求=can表示许可或征求对方的许可，常于第一人称连用。注： May I .？ Yes, you may. No, you can t / mustn t.用May I. ?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I.?在口

6、语中更常见。在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如 Yes, please. / Certainly.might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can或mustn, t表示不可以，禁止-Might/ May I smoke in this room?-No, you mustn t.-May/Might I take this book out of the room?Yes, you can. （No, you can t / mustn t.）2）表推测，可能、也许。常用于肯定句中。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。. He may /

7、might be very busy now.Maybe he knows the news.=He the news.3）用于祈使句，表示祝愿May you succeed!Step3: Do ExercisesStep4:SummaryStep5:Homework Do your exercises.Step6: Self-reflection教学反思：Period 2Studying Aims:l.know more about the Modal Verbs.Create the student s interests of English.Master the usage about

8、can.may.must.need.had better and so on.Studying Important and Difficult Points:Master the usage aboutcan.may.must.need.had better”Check list before class:Definition:Studying Procedure:Stepl.Lead- inStep2:Presentationmust1）表示义务。意为 必须”（主观意志）。We must do everything step by step.注： Must I .？ Yes, you mus

9、t / No, you needn t （don t have to ）.-Must we hand in our exercise books now?-No, you needn / tNo, you don t have to.mustn 表禁止、不允许。You mustn t talk to her like that.3）表示揣测。意为 想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。否定、疑问句中must 改为can.He must be ill. He looks so pale.She s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of

10、 money.注：must表推测时，其反义疑问句与 must后面的动词一致。There must be something wrong,?need的用法need既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要否定句或疑问句中。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。.用作情态动词，用于否定句和疑问句中。. Need I .？ Yes, you must / No, you needn t .Need we finish the work today ? Yes you _?A. need B. can C. may D. must. need + do sth .变否定旬： needn t d

11、o sth变疑问句：Need sb do sth ?.用作实义动词. need + to do sth . We need(buy) some school things .变否定句: don t /doesn t /didn t +need to do sth .变疑问句：Do / Does /Did sb + need to sth ?Yes , do/ does / di(No, sb don t / doesn t /didn t.You don t need to do it yourself.当主语是物时。Sth + need + doing sth = Sth +need to

12、be done .The table needs painting. =The table needs.had better 的用法. had better + 动词原形 =It s best to do sth.You had better(stay )at home. =stay at home. Had better not 网词原形We had better(not play ) the computer games.must, have to1)表示必须、必要。You must come in time.t,在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn (禁止，不准)，而用ne

13、edn don t haveto不必).-Must we hand in our exercise books today?Yes, you must.No, you don t have to / you needn t.2) must是说话人的主观看法，即说话人认为必须干某事。而have to必须，不得不”，则强调客观需要，即外界因素迫使某人不得不干某事。(外界原因)。Must只有一般现在时，have to有更多的时态形式。1. he play isn t interestinglyrmust go now.m afraid you2.I can t stop playing the co

14、mputer gamesor your health, IA. can B. may C. must D. had toStep3: Do ExercisesStep4:SummaryStep5:Homework Do your exercises.Step6: Self-reflection教学反思：Period 3Studying Aims:.know more about the Modal Verbs.Create the student s interests of English.Master the usage about can.may.must.need.had better

15、 and so on.Studying Important and Difficult Points:Master the usage about shall, will , would”Check list before class:Definition:Studying Procedure:Step1.Lead- inStep2:PresentationUsage:shall1）用于第一人称征求对方的 意见，如：What shall I wear on the journey?我路上穿什么好呢？Shall we dance?我们跳舞好吗？2）shall用于第二、三人称时表允诺，警告， 命令

16、，威胁（现已少见），如：She shall get her share.她可以得到她的一份。You shall have it back tomorrow你明天可以将它拿回。should一般不应被认为是情态动词shall的过去式，主要用法有：1）用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿，但语气较委婉温和，如：What should we do now?我们现在该怎么办？2）表示应该、必须，常与 must换用。例如We should （must） master a foreign language at least.我们应当至少掌握一门外语。“should+be+语”的结构，表示推测或惊奇。例如:Th

17、ey should be back by now.他们现在应该回来了吧。I am sorry that she should be so careles就感至U遗憾她竟会那样粗心。“should+have+去分词”的结构，表示过去该做而实际上尚未做的动作 或行为;其否定则表示发生了不应该发生的行为。其同义结构“ought。have +过去分词”表示过去 早应该“、本当”之意，语气较强。例如：I should have thought of that.这一点我是应当想到的。（但没想到）They should not have left so soonftfc们不应当走得这么早。（但已走了）5）在

18、 “It is natural （strange, natural, necessary, surprised, impossible, important ） that 句型中，主语从句中的谓语动词要用should +动词原形”表示 理所当然“、奇怪“、必要“、惊异”等的意思。在lest（以免）、for fear （that） （以防）、in case（以备万一）等之后也要用should+动词原形；在advise, sugest, order, demand, request等的从句中 should+do 例如：It is necessary that he（should） be sent

19、there at once.有必要马上派他到那里去。It is strange that he should say so他会说这样的话真是奇怪。Let us go at once lest we should be late for the train.我们马上走吧，以免赶不 上火车。will和would的用法1）表示意志，决心或愿望。例如：Surely we will support all the people in the world in their struggle for peace.我们一定要支持全世界人民争取和平的斗争。He would not let me try it .

20、他不肯让我去试。2）will表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性，would表示过去的习惯行为。He will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.他会经常一连几个小时坐在那儿观看来往的车辆。He would come to see me when he was in Beijing.他在北京时，常来看望我。3）用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中，表示对对方的请求，would的语气比will委碗Would/will you kindly tell me the way to the station?请问到火车站怎么走？4）表可能性Thi

21、s will be the book you are looking for.He would come to see me when he was in Beijing.他在北京时，常来看望我。Step3: Do ExercisesStep4:SummaryStep5:HomeworkDo your exercises.Step6: Self-reflection教学反思：Period 4Studying Aims:.know more about the Modal Verbs.Create the student s interests of English.Master the usa

22、ge about can.may.must.need.had better and so on.Studying Important and Difficult Points:Master the usage about shall, will , would”Check list before class:Definition:Studying Procedure:Step1.Lead- inStep2:PresentationUsage:情态动词后跟完成式和进行式的用法.情态动词后跟完成式，表 原本应该干某事，而实际上没干”I should have finished the work e

23、arlier.He isn etre. He must have missed the train.情态动词后跟进行式，(即情态动词+ be + v-ing形式)表示 想必正在”， 可能正在”，应当正在”，表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行 等意。It s twelve o clock. They must be having lunch.They may be discussing this problem.He can t be telling the truth.He must be playing basketball in the room.She may be staying a

24、t home.used to +v, be used to +v-in球口 be used to +v(1)used to +v意为 过去常常”，过去一直；be used to +ing / n(名词)意为习惯于 ；be used to + 意为 被用来(做某事)”。(2)used to只表示过去，而 be used to +v-ing / n可表示现在、过去或将来。例如：1)He used to smoke. Now he doesn t.2)He s quite used to hard work / working hard.3)The knife is used to cut brea

25、d.表推测的情态动词句子的反意疑问句He must/may be in the room, isn t he?He can t be in the room, is he?He must have finished the work, hasn t he?He may have done the work last night, didn t he?三.情态动词的同义转换.can = be able tomust = have toneedn t = don t have toneed do sth = need to do sth .情态动词语法讲解：用作情态动词的其他语would rath

26、er, would sooner, would (just) as soon, had rather, had better, had sooner, can not but, may (just) as wel等可用作情态动词。例如：1)The soldier would sooner die than surrender.2)The brave soldier would as soon die as yield to such an enemy.3)I d rather walk than take a bus.4)If you don t like to swim, you mastj

27、as well stay at home.注：这些短语后一般直接跟动词原形.would (had) rather, would (had) sooner, would (just) as soon后可跟that引导的从句，that常省去，从句要用虚拟语气。 对现在和将来的假设用过去时，对过去的假设用过去完成时。例如：1)I would rather you came on Sunday.2)I would sooner you hadn t asked me to spsrdayy.esStep3: Do ExercisesStep4:SummaryStep5:HomeworkDo your

28、exercises.Step6: Self-reflection教学反思：Period 5Exercises:情态动词语法练习题May I stop my car here?No, you.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. dont have toMust we clean the house now?No, you .A. neednt B. may not C. mustnt D. cantJohn his father about his failure in the exam.A. dares not tell B. dares not tellingC.

29、dare not tell D. dares not to tellYou return the book now. You can keep it next week if you like.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may notJohnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself.A. wont.cant B. mustnt.mayC. shouldnt, must D. cant.shouldntThe fire spread through the hotel very quickly but eve

30、ryone get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able toWould you go out for a walk with me?No, I . My girl friend is coming.A. wouldnt B. shall not C. wont D. shouldntMan die without water.A. will B. can C. need D. shallIf he started at 9 0clock, he be there by now.A. need B. shall C. ought to D. m

31、ustI mailed the letter two weeks ago. Sheit.A. must receive B. cant receive C. might receive D. must have received 11.The professor gave orders that the experiment before 5:30p.m.A. be finished B. will finishC. must be finished D. would be finishedThere was plenty of time. You.A. mustnt hurry B. mus

32、tnt have hurriedC. neednt hurry D. neednt have hurriedTom was a diligent boy. He go to school though it was raining hard.was able to B. could C. couldnt D. wasnt able toI go back before lunch?No, I dont think you.A. Need.must B. Do.need to C. Must.have to D. May ought toThe teacher do all the exerci

33、ses, but a pupil.A. needntmust B. may not.mustC. needntneednt D. cantmustWould you open the window please ?Yes, I.A. will B. would C. do D. canA lion only attacks a human being when it is hungry.A. should B. can C. will D. shallMust I finish this novel this morning ?No, you.A. mustnt B. might not C.

34、 dont have to D. cantThe taxi only hold six passengers. It is full. You take the next one.A. may.may B. can.may C. may.can D. must.canI a little earlier, but I met a friend of mine on the way.A. may come B. may have come C. could have come D. must have comeI wish to go home now,I?A. may B. cant C. m

35、ust D. do答案：1-10 BACCB DCADD11-20 ADACA ACCBCPeriod 6Exercises:-May I sit beside you, sir?- No, you . My girlfriend is coming soon.can tB. may notC. needn tD. shouldn t- I speak to Mary, please?-Sorry, shecome to the phone because she isn t in.A. Might; won Bt. Can t; mustn tC. May; can t D. Couldn

36、t; shouldn t- I want to know if I _ smoke here.- No, you. Could you see the sign“ NO SMOKIN” G there?can; needn t B. must; can tC. shall; won t D. may; mustn tMy wife never remembers my telephone number. She always look it up.A. mustB. shouldC. wouldD. has to- you pass me the English magazine, pleas

37、e?- Sure. Here you are.Could B. Need C. Must D. Might-Must I go to work with you?- No, you. Linda go with me.A. mustn t; can B. can t; has toC. daren t; shouldD. needn t; may- _ I tell Mary the test results?- No, you. She s already got the score.A. Will; won t B. Shall; needn tC. May; mustn tD. Can;

38、 don tt working.t very sure yet.You be careful when crossing here. The traffic lights arenA. mightB. ought toC. couldD. may-Could I borrow your bicycle?- Yes, of course you.will B. should C. canD. needJoancome with us this afternoon, but she isnA. can B. may C. must D. willI ask you the question bec

39、ause I think I be wrong.daren t; must B. mustn t; canC. needn t; may D. can t; shouldIt s nearly eight o clock. Mike be here at any moment.A. needB. has toC. shouldD. canThe fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone get out.A. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to-What do you think o

40、f this answer?-I don t think it be right.shouldB. mightC. mustD. can- Is John coming by train?- He should, but he _. He likes driving his car.A. can tB. needn tC. may notD. mustn tHe doesn t have to work tomorrow, but you have og,o_t _t_ you?A. don tB. haven tC. haven t got D. can tYouwake me up whe

41、n I fall asleep, you?haven t better; havewould not rather; wouldhad better not; shouldhad not better; must情态动词情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought t o 等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。一、情态动词的基本句型肯定句： 主语 +情态动词+动词原形 +You can

42、 sleep here.否定何：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+You can t sleep here.疑问句： 情态动词+主语 +动词原形+Can I sleep here.二、情态动词的意义must “必须” ;can/could 能，会” ;may/might “可以” ;should “应该” ;would “愿，要” ;have to “不得不” ；need “需要”can 表示能力，意为 能 会， 表示推测， 意为 可能， 常用于否定句和疑问句中 表示请求， 允许， 意为可以could是can的过去式，意为一能、会， 表示过去的能力 在疑问句中表示委婉请求may表示请求、许可，

43、意为一可以 表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为一可能、也许might是may的过去式，表推测，常用于肯定句中，意为一 可能、也许must表示主观看法，意为一必须、应该，表有把握的推测，用语肯定句表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中dare 表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑问句中should 意为 应该， 表示要求和命令表示劝告、建议had better意为一最好，表示建议used to意为一过去常常，表示过去的动作、行为 考点一情态动词知识清单情态动词有具体的词义， 但也同助动词一样， 需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语， 另外情态动词没哟人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。三、情态动词的基本

44、用法1. can的用法(1)表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为一能、会， 即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力 .( 2) 表示可能、能够。 如： I can finish it in an hour.（ 3 ）表示许可，常在口语中。如： You can use my dictionary.（4） cant可译为一不会，如：I cant play basketball.我不会打篮球。当句子表推测时，用can t 表达不可能，He can t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.Cant 还可用来回答一 May I ？这样的问句。May I come i

45、n ? No, you mustnt / can t. can t 还可用于固定习语中。She can t help crying.could 的用法（ 1 ） can 的过去式， 意为 能、 会， 表示过去的能力。（ 2 ） could 在疑问句中， 表示委婉的语气，此时没有过去式的意思。Could he be a good student?may 的用法（ 1 ）表示请求、许可， 比 can 正式，（2）表示推测，谈论可能性，意为一 可能，或许，一般用于肯定句中。may 的过去式为 might ，表示推测时。可能性低于 may 。（ 4）对may 引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式： Yes,

46、 of course. Yes, certainly. Sure. No, youmustn tN. o, you can t.may 的否定式为 may not ， 译成 可能不， He may not be at home.must 的用法must表示主观看法，意为一必须、一定。（2）其否定形式mustnt 表示 一定不要 、千万别、 禁止 , 不许 .Mustn t也可用于以 may表示要求时的否定回答中。May I stand here? No, you mustnt（cant）.（3）对 must 引出的疑问句，回答为：Yes,must. No,neednt/ don t have

47、to.must 表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。当 must 表示 肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。 She must have finished writing, hasn t she?need的用法（ 1 ） need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为 needn t ，意为没有 必要，不必。用need提问时，肯定回答为 must,否定回答为needn t。如： Need I stay here any longer? Yes, you must .No. you neednt .needn t + have+动词的过去分词，表不需要完成但已

48、完成的动作，暗含时间或精力上的浪 费。You needn t have bought it.need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，后边多接动词不定式。dare 的用法dare意为一敢、敢于II ,用法近似于need,有两种词性：（ 1 ） dare 作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。dare作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的变化。注意： 在口语中，dare的各种形式常与 不带 to 的不定式连用。 Do you dare tell her what I said?shall的用法shall表示征求对方意见（多用于第一

49、、三人称）， Shall we go out for a walk?shall 引出的疑问句用于第一人称， 表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please. All right. No, thank you.( 2 )表示决心、警告、命令( 多用于第二、三人称)， No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam.should 的用法should意为一应该II ,可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。We should protect the environment.should (would)lik

50、e to do sth.表示一想要、愿意做某事II ,常用于口语中。Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去吗？Should have done表示对过去动作的责备、批评。 You should have finished your homework.(4)表否定时是shouldn t 表不应该 You shouldnt feel so unhappy over such little things.will 的用法will 表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。 I will help you if I m free this afternoon.would

51、 是 will 的过去式，语气更加客气、委婉。Would you show me your picture book? Will you please give me a call?(3)对will/ would you 的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won t.)Sure . (Im sorry , I can t.)All right.Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please.had better 的用法had better意为一最好II ,没有人称的变化，后面接不带to的不定式，其否定形式为： had better

52、not 。 We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him.情态动词练习It s the library! So youknow shouting is not allowed here.A. can B. must C. need D. may-I download the article again？ -No， you neednt.A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can-May I have a word with you？ -No， you . Im busy today.A. need

53、nt B. wouldnt C. dont have toD. cant-I have your English nam，e please？-Yes， Helen. H-E-L-E-N.A. Must B. May C. Will D. Need-Who is the boy over there？ Is it John？ -No， it be him. John is much taller.A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt-You must come back every month. -Ye，s I .A. will B. must C. shoul