2022年萍乡高等专科学校(筹安源学院)自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年萍乡高等专科学校(筹安源学院)自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【阅读选择】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middle class is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges. It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. Th

2、e economy was growing, more and more people owned their own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. The information in this passage deals with_. A、an individual B、a social and economic group C、a polit

3、ical organization D、Government【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。通过阅读本段，middle class中产阶级是一个群体，选答案B。第2题【单选题】【2007.04】Jenny complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment. A、expended B、paid C、cost D、charged【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。charge：要价；索价；要人支付；收费。例如：The fruit seller charged me too much money.这个水果商要了我很

4、多的钱。 第3题【单选题】【填句补文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. _. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption（爆发）of ancient volcanoes（火山）Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean. A、They are famous for their

5、 warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? C、Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America. D、But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】C【答案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西洋的其

6、他部分分开。答案是C，因为它的第一个词是They，该词指The Caribbean Islands；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第4题【单选题】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数据处于安全状态。【详细解答】A 使确信，使有信心；B 确保（某事）发生，担保；C 为投保，给保险；D 安全的，没有危险的第5题【单选题

7、】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. _. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and

8、procedures for applying the findings of science. A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a

9、 method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差别的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，故选D。第6题【单选题】【2009.10】The room was quiet, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、in case B、except for C、by far D、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查介词短

10、语意义区分。【译文】 这个房间很安静，除了偶尔从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。 A 以免、以防万一 B 除了以外 C 到目前为止 D 代替、而不是第7题【单选题】【填句补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. _ by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out i

11、n advance what will happen. A、The stock market had its worst losses ever B、Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat C、So experts are regularly asked to predict accurately D、The article was written in 1958【正确答案】C【答案解析】第一句说的是：预测未来很重要，不能像中学生那样猜

12、测。这一空的关键词是experts，他们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第8题【单选题】【2007.04】The central theatre has a seating _ of more than 3, 000 people. A、capability B、capacity C、ability D、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能，应该是属于那种已经具备并发展较快的能力。如“He has unusual ability in science“。capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人，

13、也可用于物，如：Electronic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devicescapacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。如“The hall has a seating capacity of 500”。根据句意，本题应该选capacity。 第9题【单选题】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocat

14、e B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑暗。【详细解答】A 分配，拨出 B 收养，过继 C 应用，申请 D 调整，使适合第10题【单选题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several

15、 minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形

16、成了对比。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大，而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大，把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第11题【单选题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. _. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these

17、 facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. C、Unlike science, progress

18、in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差别的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，故选D。第12题【单选题】【填句补文】The acid rain（酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution fr

19、om oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced. _. A、The problem, however, is not jus

20、t a European one. B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already. C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people. D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the in

21、dustrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】C【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第13题【单选题】【2008.04】It has been found that a strong _ help overcome the effects of distraction. A、interruption B、motivation C、evaluation D、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查名词词义区分。 A. 打扰、中；断 B. 动机、诱因； C. 评估、评价； D

22、. 目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的动机可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第14题【单选题】【2009.10】Youd better leave things _ if you dont know how to deal with them. A、off B、out C、alone D、over【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】 如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】本题考查词意区分。【详细解答】 A 离开，离去 B 不在里面，出局 C 单独的（地） D 完结，翻倒，越过第15题【单选题】【概括大意】Heavy metals are persistent; t

23、hey do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning

24、. The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The Nature of Heavy Metals B、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated Soils C、Heavy Metals and Food Chain D、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food Chain【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容是：受污染土地的潜

25、在危险，选择B。第16题【单选题】【2010.04】We have greatly _ the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion. A、stimulated B、perceived C、obscured D、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】 按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】本题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】 动词的词义选取。第17题【单选题】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、wen

26、t to D、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：本题考查主将从现。详细解答：根据主将从现的原则，主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 第18题【单选题】It was a small place then compared to _ it is now. A、what B、which C、little D、few【正确答案】A【答案解析】what it is是介词to的宾语从句，相当于一个名词。compared to what it is now：与它现在的样子相比。第19题【单选题】【填句补文】The smoke th

27、at comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilsons have been

28、married for 35 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前一句讲的是

29、科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们改变观点的句子，因为下一句表明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。第20题【单选题】【2009.01】Modern economics _the countrys agricultural policies. A、undergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考查形近动词词义。A 经历，经受；B 了解；C 成为的基础；D 承担，保证。 第21题【单选题】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appro

30、priately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.Robots ar

31、e less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on American designs C、they are too costly D、they are not reliable【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是讲的两个原因，即人们的工资水平太低，也就是没有能力使机器人发挥出创造财富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二个原因就是人们逐渐意识到了操纵机器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以应该选C。第22题【单选题】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan i

32、s designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工作。A 计算、估算 B 证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D 激励、激发第23题【单选题】【阅读选择】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all

33、the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP because the factors of production do not receive payment

34、 for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses

35、 directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true according to the paragraph? A、GNP equals national income p

36、lus indirect business taxes. B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes. C、Personal income is regarded as the total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid. D、The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正确答

37、案】D【答案解析】本题的依据是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.这个句子。对原句的词语选项D用了别的表达方法，但大意仍保持不变。第24题【单选题】【2007.04】The volleyball match was televised _ on CCTV. A、alive B、life C、live D、lively【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播地。符合句意。 第25题【

38、单选题】【阅读判断】The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.Q: Power supply system was not

39、 damaged during the storm. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题可译为：暴风雨中供电系统没遭到破坏。最后一句说大风和暴雨使一些家庭的供电出现了问题，与题项矛盾，故选B。第26题【单选题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called “Incidents of Travel in Central America，Chiapas and Yucatan”. The author John Loud Steph

40、ens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas(玛雅). Very little was known

41、 about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples，pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants(居民) had disappeared almost a thousand years befo

42、re.Stephens book astonished the world because _. A、it was the first time people heard about Mayas. B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers. C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization. D、it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析

43、】根据问题中的关键词astonished，把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概括就得出正确答案：D。第27题【单选题】【2009.01】The twin sisters were identical_ appearance and character. A、of B、with C、in D、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一样。be identical to/ with 完全相同的，一模一样的。本题要说明在某个方面是

44、一样的，故选C。 第28题【单选题】【2008.04】Fish is _ and expensive at this time of the year in this area. A、in large measure B、to the minimum C、in short supply D、to the maximum【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查短语意义辨析。这个地区在一年中的这个时候鱼的供应不足，价格昂贵。in short supply：缺货、供货不足。第29题【单选题】【填句补文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to li

45、ve alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. _. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often. A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays. B、The growing number of

46、 women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone. C、It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream. D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“经济独立”有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的“妇女有好的工作，增加了独身的人数”与前句内容正好呼应。第30题【单选题】【阅读判断】The river was s

47、o high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. A、Tru

48、e B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此句的意思在最后一句提到了，故选A。第31题【单选题】【2007.04】The volleyball match was televised _ on CCTV. A、alive B、life C、live D、lively【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播地。符合句意。 第32题【单选题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exa

49、ctly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. _. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays. A、Ionosphere is high above the earth. B

50、、If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots. C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots. D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms ma

51、y cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第33题【单选题】【阅读选择】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages

52、 throughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow.” In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said

53、that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village _. A、is called Katchikow B、supports the idea of hydroponics farm C、has a certain amount of land D、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首

54、领都拥有一定量的土地。第34题【单选题】These two alarm clocks are normally set together, but now they have been reset a few hours _. A、away B、alone C、apart D、aside【正确答案】C【答案解析】but表示前后句子意思是相反的，所以前面说了set together，后面提到的就是apart（分开）。第35题【单选题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the m

55、icroscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time

56、 to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了对比。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大，而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大，把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第36题【单选题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. _ Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental e

57、ngineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming. A、These are newer and better models, B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming. C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make pl

58、ankton bloom temporarily. D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says”这个词，它预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比较新的也是比较好的模型。第37题【单选题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stak

59、e if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can_. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play games in the

60、sunflower house C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end“夏天结束的时候”实际上就是When autumn comes“秋天来临的时候”。答案选择B。第38题【单选题】【阅读判断】People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the