专利基本认识专利权与专利说明书课件

1、醫藥專利之專利性探討200911161All Rights ReservedGainia Intellectual Asset Services, Inc.醫藥之新用途具專利性已知物質之新用途或已知物質之衍生物，依35 U.S.C. 101之定義均是可專利的，惟其就是否符合專利要件的判斷，往往因個案而有不同之認定。美國MPEP 2112.02於使用方法之請求項-舊的結構及組成物之新穎且非顯而易知的用途可能是可專利的一節中指出，舊結構基於其之未知特性之新用途的發現可以使用方法予以專利 。200911162All Rights ReservedMPEP 2112.02 Process Claims

2、 2100 PatentabilityPROCESS OF USE CLAIMS - NEW AND UNOBVIOUS USES OF OLD STRUCTURES AND COMPOSITIONS MAY BE PATENTABLEThe discovery of a new use for an old structure based on unknown properties of the structure might be patentable to the discoverer as a process of using. In re Hack, 245 F.2d 246, 24

3、8, 114 USPQ 161, 163(CCPA 1957). However, when the claim recites using an old composition or structure and the use is directed to a result or property of that composition or structure, then the claim is anticipated.200911163All Rights Reserved解除疼痛之阿斯匹靈阿斯匹靈(Aspirin)，為一種解除疼痛之止痛劑、感冒治療劑及消炎劑，自1899年開始銷售。

4、阿斯匹靈 ( aspirin )，C9H8O4，學名：乙醯水楊酸 (acetyl salic ylic acid)，為無色針狀結晶，為溶於水中，是廣被使用的優秀解熱鎮痛劑 ( antipyretic analgesics )，常用來治療感冒所引起的頭痛及發燒，也可用來消除各種疼痛。200911164All Rights Reserved抑制血栓素濃度之阿斯匹靈 200911165All Rights ReservedAspirin 新用途美國專利案6,071,896 (6/6/2000)為授予阿斯匹靈新用途之專利，其係揭示一種藉經皮(skin patch)投予阿斯匹靈以抑制血栓素(thromb

5、oxane) 濃度之用途，抗血栓劑被用於患有腦血管疾病及缺血性心臟病患者身上。 1. An article useful for suppressing thromboxane levels in a mammalian subject by contacting the skin of said subject with said article comprising a preparation comprising aspirin and a support or carrier for maintaining said aspirin in a suitable form for top

6、ical percutaneous absorption by said skin, wherein said aspirin is present in an amount sufficient to reduce thromboxane levels in said subject by more than 50% without substantially affecting prostacyclin levels or resulting in gastrointestinal toxicity upon application of said article. 200911166Al

7、l Rights Reserved新用途案例說明Perricone v.Medicis Pharmaceutical (Fed. Cir. 2005) 200911167All Rights ReservedGainia Intellectual Asset Services, Inc.案例背景 1999年Perricone博士控訴Medicis製藥公司之LUSTRA皮膚去色素劑之處方系列侵犯其兩個專利，US 5,409,693 (簡稱693專利案)及US 5,574,063 (簡稱063專利案)之專利權，而Medicis製藥公司則針對Perricone博士之兩專利案基於重複專利(double

8、 patenting)及可預見性(anticipation)提起無效以及不侵權的訴訟。LUSTRA是一種乳膏，以氫醌作為活性成分，可降低黑色素之生成，LUSTRA包括抗壞血酸棕櫚酯。案經地方法院裁定Perricone博士之兩專利案之所有主張的請求項無效，以及Medicis製藥公司不侵權。全案上訴至美國聯邦巡迴上訴法院(CAFC)。CAFC維持地方法院大部分之見解，但基於可預見性而裁定693專利案為無效。200911168All Rights Reserved問題討論系爭專利(US5,409,693專利案)相對於先前技術US4,981,845 為先前技術所預見的嗎?為固有性質嗎?是顯而易知的嗎?

9、 200911169All Rights Reserved2009111610All Rights ReservedClaim 11. A method for treating skin sunburn comprising topically applying to the skin sunburn a fatty acid ester(脂肪酸酯) of ascorbic acid(抗壞血酸) effective to solubilize in the lipid-rich layers(富脂層) of the skin an amount effective to scavenge t

10、herefrom free radicals present as a result of transfer of energy to the skin from the ultraviolet radiation which produced said sunburn.一種治療皮膚曬傷(sunburn)的方法，包含局部塗抹一種抗壞血酸之脂肪酸酯至曬傷皮膚，該抗壞血酸之脂肪酸酯係溶入皮膚之富脂層中，其量為可有效地自皮膚消除由產生該曬傷之紫外線輻射的能量轉移至皮膚而導致存在之自由基。 2009111611All Rights ReservedClaim 8A method for prevent

11、ing sunburn damage to exposed skin surfaces, comprising topically applying to said skin surfaces a fatty acid ester of ascorbic acid effective to solubilize in the lipid-rich layers of the skin in an amount effective to scavenge therefrom free radicals generated by reason of transfer of energy to th

12、e exposed skin surfaces from the ultraviolet radiation of sunlight. 一種預防曝露之皮膚表面日曬損害的方法，包含局部塗抹一種抗壞血酸之脂肪酸酯至該皮膚表面，該抗壞血酸之脂肪酸酯.(餘同請求項1) 2009111612All Rights Reserved先前技術E2: Expired eight(8) years after the initial issue date. 2009111613All Rights Reserved先前技術之技術特徵 揭示用於局部塗抹之化妝品組成物，包含所述之抗壞血酸組成物，另包括皮膚之有益成分、

13、潤膚劑、乳化劑及增稠劑，其亦揭示8個具特定濃度成分之不同組成物之實施例，但僅簡短地指出該組成物為適合供局部塗抹至皮膚或頭髮。 2009111614All Rights Reserved地方法院之觀點 地方法院認為先前技術所揭示之用途可預期系爭專利之申請專利範圍，因為先前技術所揭示之組成物包括系爭專利所主張之所有的成分及濃度範圍，因此，先前技術之組成物的局部塗抹必然產生系爭專利所主張之皮膚利益，亦即為先前技術組成物之固有性質。 2009111615All Rights ReservedCAFC之觀點 CAFC多數決法官之意見 :舊產品或方法之新用途為可專利之標的(參見35 U.S.C. 101，

14、方法、機器、製造等之任何新穎且有用的改良為可專利的)，固有性質之原則不能禁止舊結構之新用途獲得方法專利。“此問題並不在於若乳液被塗抹至曬傷皮膚時，是否本來即可治療傷害，而是先前技術是否揭示其之組成物應用至曬傷皮膚。答案是沒有”。系爭專利之請求項 1 描述一種先前技術所揭示之組成物的新用途，即治療曬傷皮膚。地方法院對此請求項之固有性質的可預見性分析有瑕疵。先前技術乳液所揭示之用途，即局部塗抹，並未建議先前技術乳液塗抹至曬傷皮膚。換言之，地方法院之固有性質分析有偏差，因為其所設想的並未被揭示於先前技術中，亦非先前技術之固有性質。2009111616All Rights ReservedCAFC 進

15、一步指出 地方法院所謂“先前技術不僅揭示在系爭專利中所主張之相同產物，亦揭示使用其之相同方法，即局部塗抹其之對皮膚具有有利效果所需用量至皮膚”之陳述係未理解系爭專利方法之明確用語：“塗抹至曬傷皮膚”。曬傷皮膚通常並不類似於皮膚表面。因此，在為避免曬傷而局部塗抹至皮膚與局部塗抹至曬傷皮膚之間有一個很重要的區別。地方法院不顧或至少未考慮系爭專利與先前技術兩方法之區別。先前技術並未提及任何曬傷預防或治療利益，亦未提及此種用途之機制。如果先前技術確已揭示曬傷預防以及在該預防背後之機制，那麼該等教示可能建議系爭專利之曬傷治療是可預期而為顯而易知的。然而，先前技術並未揭示局部塗抹至曬傷皮膚，那些未實現之可

16、能性不能改變本案之分析。2009111617All Rights ReservedCAFC判決CAFC撤銷地方法院對請求項 1 之無效裁定。CAFC卻贊成地方法院關於請求項 8 為無效之裁定。贊成法官指出：請求項 8 與請求項 1 不同，僅需要塗抹組成物至曝露之皮膚表面。因為所有之皮膚表面均感受到日曬損害，且任何人當表面曝露時就可塗抹組成物至皮膚表面。先前技術之“局部塗抹”包含請求項 8 之塗抹步驟。因此，地方法院裁定先前技術揭示相同組成物之局部塗抹必然可預期系爭專利之請求項 8 及其附屬項 9 及 13 是正確的。2009111618All Rights Reserved心得分享本案例之不同

17、觀點在於已知物質或組成物之未知性質是否為屬固有性質?固有性質之原則不能禁止舊結構之新用途獲得方法專利，而關於已知物質或組成物之未知性質是否屬固有性質或為新用途之判定，須比對基礎應該是先前技術之揭示內容。CAFC之法官於指出地方法院之固有性質分析之缺點時就曾提到，比對的應該是先前技術之內容，而不是請求發明本身。但實務上，很容易由審視中之說明書所揭示之內容自行“擴張”先前技術之特徵範疇，亦即落入所謂的後見之明。 當作為被告時，提起專利無效之訴是必要之手段，以使對手產生壓力本系爭專利於審查時之前案為包括” US4,981,845 ” ，故需要另外經由檢索來找出證據，因而專利分析可以達到此目的。200

18、9111619All Rights Reserved已知化合物之衍生物可專利性的議題 2009111620All Rights ReservedGainia Intellectual Asset Services, Inc.MPEP 2144.09醫藥專利申請案中最常見之化合物的衍生形式包括鹽類、醚類、酯類、多晶形、類似物、代謝物、前藥、溶劑合物、水合物等。 依據美國審查基準2144.09有關結構類似之化合物(同系物、類似物及異構物)的審查，列出以下幾種處理原則： 1.當化合物具有極類似之結構和類似之特性時，可作出初步顯而易見性(Prima Facie Case of Obviousness)

19、之核駁。一般而言，位置異構物及同系物通常會因結構充分類似而可預期此等化合物具有類似之特性。 2.對於具有相同實驗式但不同結構之異構物，則未必會被熟悉該項技術者認為是等效物，因此未必會互相建議。2009111621All Rights ReservedMPEP 2144.093. “遠距”之同系物(far removed from adjacent homologs)，例如C8至C12烷基硫酸酯相對於C1烷基硫酸酯，則前者之揭示未必會使得後者不具進步性。同系物不應被自動等同初步顯而易見性，因為申請專利之發明及先前技術必須各自予以整體(as a whole)審查 4.如果先前技術之揭示無法使得申請

20、發明之化合物之實施於申請時即為明顯知悉者，則不能推論該化合物本身為屬公開。即，如果缺乏製造申請發明之化合物之已知或明顯可知的方法，可克服該化合物基於結構類似而為明顯可知的假設。2009111622All Rights ReservedMPEP 2144.095.如果先前技術化合物不具有用性，或僅可作為中間體，則申請專利案之結構類似化合物對先前技術即不能認為是初步顯而易見性。6.初步顯而易見性可藉由證明優越或不可預期之結果予以克服。2009111623All Rights Reserved台灣醫藥相關發明審查基準 台灣醫藥相關發明審查基準草案中亦指出：若申請專利之化合物的結構與已知化合物類似且與

21、該已知化合物具有類似用途，則因該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，合理預期到結構類似的化合物會有類似的性質，原則上，該化合物不具進步性。然而，若申請專利之化合物具有無法預期的用途或有利效果，則具有進步性。此無法預期的用途或有利效果可以是與該已知化合物之已知用途不同的用途，或是對已知化合物的某一已知效果有實質性的改進或提高。 2009111624All Rights Reserved專利背後的商機是衝突的根源 Pfizer v. Apotex 所爭奪的是藥物胺氯地平(amlodipine)的市場，其商品名為Norvasc，是治療高血壓、心臟病的二代用藥，2004年銷售額居全球第4位達43億美金，

22、自1992年上市以來，一直是輝瑞藥廠獲利的主要來源。由健保局最新藥品申報金額統計資料顯示，在我國用藥給付金額排行榜中，胺氯地平居第1位，已成為國內心臟血管科的主流藥品。民國91年向健保局申請给付金額達1,791,795,999元新台幣，成長率24.7%。Apotex公司是一家著名的加拿大學名藥廠，在2003年與葛蘭素史克(GlaxoSmithKline)藥廠有關抗憂鬱用藥Paxil的專利訴訟中獲得勝訴，Paxil2002年的銷售金額為31億美金。2009111625All Rights Reserved專利侵權鑑定與規避設計策略李皞白Tel:(03)5910302, Fax:(03)59103

23、06BryanLee 2009111626All Rights ReservedGainia Intellectual Asset Services, Inc.內容大綱侵權鑒定案例實際操演練結果發表規避設計方法成功與失敗的規避設計態樣規避設計案例剖析如何保護規避設計成果由專利訴訟的角度談專利組合建構專利組合案例剖析-平面音響設備 2009111627All Rights Reserved瞭解侵權鑑定後的意外的收獲瞭解侵權鑑定的程序之後，規避設計（Design Around）的概念就會自然形成。針對專利中或產品中的元件進行迴避設計時，仍然會有被控侵權的機率（例如基於策略上的考量執行”有侵害之虞者

24、，得請求防止之”）。2009111628All Rights Reserved專利規避設計原則：避免落入claim之等同範疇2009111629All Rights ReservedGainia Intellectual Asset Services, Inc.專利規避設計之概念一件獲准之專利，其權利所在為”claim” ，而非該專利之說明書。故規避設計的基本概念在規避一專利之claim，以便使得規避的產品不會落入該專利之至少一個claim中。因此，迴避設計之目的就是避免侵害專利。若要談專利迴避設計，首先，需要先找到所要規避的對象，也就是要知道:是要迴避的是那一件專利或是該專利的那一個獨立項。

25、但若是要舉發一件專利時，則是要用一件或複數件專利說明書中所有已經揭露之資料來證明被舉發案不具有新穎性或創造性。2009111630All Rights ReservedWhy to Design Around專利規避設計是一項源起美國的合法競爭行為(legitimate competitive behavior) 它是一種為避免侵害某一專利之申請專利範圍(Claims) ，所進行之一種持續性創新與設計之活動。依據美國專利制度之精神，基本上是鼓勵發明人進行迴避設計，以開發出較佳之產品。進行專利迴避設計之優點如下 a.可使產品更具競爭力 b.可能產出一新的專利 c.可避免惡意侵害200911163

26、1All Rights Reserved規避設計的合法性It is not patent infringement for a person to design around a patent claim. - State Industries Inc. v. A.O. Smith Corp, 751 F.2d 1226, 1236 (Fed. Cir. 1985) A product or process cannot infringe if it is entirely missing an element of the claims of the patent.- Dolly, Inc.

27、 v. Spaulding & Evenflo Cos. 16 F.2d at 398 (Fed. Cir. 1994). In addition, where the design around substitutes an element which is structurally different from the element claimed, then there is no infringement. -Slimfold Mfg. v. Kinkead Ind. 932 F.2d 1453 (Fed. Cir. 1991) (no infringement found wher

28、e the accuseds styrofoam wedge operated in a substantially different way from the claimed latching means). 2009111632All Rights Reserved規避設計之心法缺少至少一項claim之必要元件無文義讀取，不符合均等論因為一項完整的申請專利範圍係不可分割改變至少一項必要元件至少一項必要元件之字義與實質均不相同於claim對熟習該項技術者而言，該元件差異不屬於等效物。增加至少一項必要元件並使該新增元件與至少一必要元件發生功能上的結合不符合均等論使用合法之公開技術(先前技術阻

29、卻)專利申請前已公開，得為不特定第三人取得之技術。使用禁反言資料中，專利權人已排除之先前技術，所以要調閱專利申請歷程(file wrapper)。2009111633All Rights Reserved規避設計方法Claim迴避設計釜底抽薪(缺少一個以上的必要構成要件)ABC A A B B C C移花接木(至少改變一必要構成要件)ABCABD偷天換日(以不同構成要件來置換某一必要構成要件)ABCAEFG2009111634All Rights Reserved成功的規避態樣無文義讀取，不符合均等論缺少至少一項claim之必要元件因為一項完整的申請專利範圍係不可分割至少一項必要元件之字義與實

30、質均不相同於claim對熟習該項技術者而言，該元件差異不屬於等效物。使用合法之公開技術(先前技術阻卻)專利申請前已公開，得為不特定第三人取得之技術使用禁反言資料中，專利權人已排除之先前技術文義讀取，但符合逆均等論至少一項必要元件之字義相同於claim，但實質不相同於claim2009111635All Rights Reserved規避設計流程1. 確認專利標的/迴避標的。物品/製造方法2. 檢查迴避標的之法律狀態，尤其是繳費狀態。3. 確認迴避標的之獨立項數目與內容。4. 解構獨立項之構成。單句式/次段式/吉普生式/means plus function/機能子句Claim要件之說明書與圖示

31、支持5.釐清公知技術(public domain)與專利特徵解析backward reference & forward reference6. 申請迴避標的之專利審查卷宗，搜尋禁反言證據。7. 擬定迴避設計策略。缺少必要技術構成；or一個以上之必要技術構成不相同8. 檢查技術/商品化難度。9.迴避設計結果請第三者進行公正鑑定報告，釐清侵權責任。10.將迴避設計申請專利，並對迴避標的提出舉發。確定標的專利之claim scopeTrade-off2009111636All Rights Reserved專利規避設計案例2009111637All Rights ReservedGainia In

32、tellectual Asset Services, Inc.規避設計案例2009111638All Rights ReservedUS4394373Claim 1The method of achieving hemostasis in bleeding open wounds which comprises placing chitosan in contact with the wound.How to design around?止血甲殼素 chitosan是葡萄糖胺的高分子聚合體，是一種高分子纖維，不會消化，也不被吸收。它主要的特性是含有正電的氨基。2009111639All Rig

33、hts ReservedExpired!1981/4/6+20years = 2001/4/61983/7/19+17years = 2000/7/192009111640All Rights Reserved專利規避設計案例-12009111641All Rights ReservedGainia Intellectual Asset Services, Inc.US 6766994案例說明2009111642All Rights ReservedGainia Intellectual Asset Services, Inc.先前技術專利monitor panelupper support

34、memberlower support memberbase2009111643All Rights Reserved2009111644All Rights Reserved題目解析monitor panelbaseupper support member (first and second support member )lower support memberapertureslotfastenerribs2009111645All Rights ReservedClaim ConstructionA touch input monitor（100） comprising: a moni

35、tor panel（112） having a front surface（120） integrating a monitor screen and a rear surface（122）; a base（114）; a lower support member（118） secured to the base（114） and pivotally secured to the rear surface of the monitor panel for tilting the monitor panel relative to the base; and an upper support m

36、ember（116） comprising - a first portion（184） secured to the rear surface of the monitor - a second portion（186） secured to the base, the first portion and second portion adjustably engaging each other to allow tilting of the monitor panel about the lower support member,wherein one of the first porti

37、on and second portion comprises - an aperture（189） and - a slot（191） aligned with the aperture such that a - fastener （188） inserted through the aperture engages the slot to releasably secure the first and second portions together, wherein the slot comprises - ribs（？） that mate with a mating surface

38、 of the opposing first portion or second portion to prevent relative movement between the first portion and the second portion when the fastener is tightened.技術特徵2009111646All Rights Reserved比較改變 upper support memberfirst and second support member增加 aperture/fastener and slot/ribs2009111647All Right

39、s ReservedPrior Art994比較 1. A monitor assembly（10） comprising: 1. A touch input monitor （100） comprising:相同 a monitor panel（12） having a front surface（20） integrating a monitor screen and a rear surface（22）; a base（14）including a width and a length to define a footprint; a lower support member（18）se

40、cured to the base（14）at an end（52）and secured to monitor panel（12）at two or more attachment points（58, 60） for adjusting the monitor panel（12）relative to the base（14）; and a monitor panel（112） having a front surface（120） integrating a monitor screen and a rear surface（122）; a base（114）; a lower supp

41、ort member（118） secured to the base（114） and pivotallysecured to the rear surface of the monitor panel for tilting the monitor panel relative to the base; and相同相同相同Claim Chart2009111648All Rights Reservedan upper support member（16） secured to base（14）at an end（72）and secured to monitor panel（12）at t

42、wo or more attachment points（78,80）, wherein the upper and lower support members（16,18）are fixed in a particular position to allow the position of monitor panel（12）to be adjusted relative to the position of base（14）.an upper support member（116） comprising a first portion（184） secured to the rear sur

43、face of the monitor and a second portion（186） secured to the base, the first portion and second portion adjustably engaging each other to allow tilting of the monitor panel about the lower support member, wherein one of the first portion and second portion comprises an aperture（189） and a slot（191）

44、aligned with the aperture such that a fastener （188） inserted through the aperture engages the slot to releasably secure the first and second portions together,wherein the slot comprises ribs that mate with a mating surface of the opposing first portion or second portion to prevent relative movement

45、 between the first portion and the second portion when the fastener is tightened.不相同不相同不相同不相同不相同不相同2009111649All Rights Reserved心得分享將簡單之結構複雜化，為回避設計之有效手法之一，由於結構複雜化，使得全要件原則不成立；再由於結構複雜化，使得標的物之結構關係改變進而使得操作方式改變，故可以使得均等原則也不成立，因為迴避得以成功。結構複雜化帶來的負面效應為使得製造成本增加，使得產品競爭力下降。回避設計應以使用者之需求為出發點，當結構複雜化之產品可以解決使用者長期的問題時

46、，此產品為一種創新而非只是回避設計。此時，創新產品自然克服成本增加的問題。2009111650All Rights Reserved回避設計之關鍵點（即全要件中不吻合之部份）技術特徵及差異處（fastener elastomeric）2009111651All Rights Reserved994回避設計建議方案彈性卡榫(D)肋上設有溝槽(B)移動方向少了aperture & fastener (C)改變一技術特徵-溝槽-於肋上 增加一個新的構成元件- 彈 性卡榫Claim chartAABBCDAB2009111652All Rights Reserved專利迴避設計案例-2US539909

47、82009111653All Rights Reserved2009111654All Rights Reserved2009111655All Rights ReservedClaim 1 1. In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess, the connector assembly

48、including a generally U-shaped, stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion, the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connect

49、ing the terminal to the insulated wire, the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact, wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises: said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudina

50、l terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions, said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion, and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact. 發明之特徵200911165

51、6All Rights ReservedClaim construction analysis1. In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30), the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped, st

52、amped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34, 36) joined to a bight portion (38), the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting t

53、he terminal to the insulated wire (12), the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact, wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises: said bight portion (38) being indented on one side of the l

54、ongitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion(46, 46a, 46b, 40) inwardly of one of the leg portions (34, 36), said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion (46), and a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the

55、 locking recess (30) of the blade contact. 發明之特徵2009111657All Rights ReservedOffset portion (46) 2009111658All Rights ReservedLocking projection (48) 2009111659All Rights ReservedPublic domaina connector assembly an insulated electrical wire (12) a blade contact (14) generally parallel opposite side

56、s a generally centrally located locking recess (30)a generally U-shaped, stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22)a pair of leg portions (34, 36)a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween free ends with insulation displacement slots (42) the bight portion (38) a slot extending

57、into the leg portions a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact2009111660All Rights ReservedClaimed characteristicsbight portion(38) indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion(46, 46a, 46b, 40) inwardly of one of the leg portions, slot and

58、 bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portiona locking projection (48)inside the slot at the offset portion (46) lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact2009111661All Rights ReservedDesign around完全使用 claim 前言中公開技術，不使用專利之特徵元件。使用特徵元件，但針對 claim 前言中揭露之公開技術進行大幅度變更

59、。完全使用 claim 前言中公開技術，再針對專利之特徵元件進行修改。The offset portion (46, 46a, 46b, 40) in bight portion(38)Elimination of the offset portionVarying the construction of the offset portionThe locking projectioninside the slot at the offset portion (46) away from the offset portionengaging the locking recess (30) of

60、 the blade contactEngaging somewhere else2009111662All Rights ReservedDrawings230244242252254262220240240242200222224210210260262Missing the locking projection (48) and adding a locking means (262)Missing the offset portion (46) and bight portion(38), replaced by a W-shaped portion2009111663All Righ