2022年华北理工大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年华北理工大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【2009.01】Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always_paying the bill. A、end up B、arrive at C、drop out D、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。 A 以而告终；B 达到，取得；C 不参加，隐退；D 散发。 第2题【单选题】【2009.10】So far scientists have only acquired _ understanding of

2、 the physical processes that cause earthquakes. A、a partial B、a changeable C、an original D、an individual【正确答案】A第3题【单选题】【阅读判断】Whether you work at home，on the farm，at the office，at school，or on the road，it is not a good idea to skip (故意略去) breakfast.Q: It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home

3、A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原句的意思是：无论一个人在哪干活，不吃早餐都不是个好主意。因此该命题是错误的。第4题【单选题】【2009.01】The twin sisters were identical_ appearance and character. A、of B、with C、in D、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一样。be identical to/ with 完全相同的，一模一样的。本题要说明在某个方面是一样的，故选C。 第5题【单选题】【2009.01】He ha

4、s deep love for the people and_loyalty to the country. A、intense B、initial C、instant D、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查形容词词义区分。A 强烈的，极度的；B 最初的，开始的；C 立即的，即时的；D 模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty，选A比较恰当。第6题【单选题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two th

5、ousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一个小村庄，就说明了River Wensum流经 Norwich。第7题【单选题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of th

6、e microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning t

7、ime to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了对比。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大，而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大，把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第8题【单选题】【2008.04】That proposal is essentially irrelevant _ the issue at hand. A、with B、from C、in D、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻

8、译：那个提案与手头上的问题根本无关。irrelevant to 表示：与无关。第9题【单选题】【阅读选择】One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is

9、different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agric

10、ultural country with a high birth rate. After World War, Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the worlds lowest.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_. A、can be an advantage B、may li

11、mit income C、isnt necessary D、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。对照本段In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A，成为一个优势，答案是A。第10题【单选题】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many Am

12、erican men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all count

13、ries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is_. A、Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. B、Many American men open doors for

14、women; Japanese men do not. C、The way of behaving that differs from country to country. D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正确答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句话是对前面的一个总结，道出了本段的主题。因此选择C。第11题【单选题】【2008.10】Johnson was _ unknown before running for the pres

15、idency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选总统职位之前是个无名人士。A 显然，明显地 B 外表上，直观地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 实际上，事实上第12题【单选题】【2007.04】The book fair has received a positive _ from readers. A、result B、response C、settlement D、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。re

16、sult：结果，后果。settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意，应该选response。a positive response：良好的反映。 第13题【单选题】【2008.04】The government finally _ all the documents relating to the war. A、released B、specialized C、realized D、supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。A “公开发表、公布或发布（新闻）” B 专门从事、专攻 C 意识到、领悟 D 假定、猜想。整句话的意思是：政府最终

17、公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第14题【单选题】【阅读选择】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an

18、 act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility f

19、or protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is _. A、to control violence within a society B、to protect the world from chaos C、to free society from the ide

20、a of revenge D、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句话The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law 是本题的答案。第15题【单选题】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：本题考查主将从现。详

21、细解答：根据主将从现的原则，主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 第16题【单选题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress mo

22、re difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT_. A、Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult. B、More money would be used by

23、 employees in payment of their employees. C、The job market would be more competitive. D、It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正确答案】B【答案解析】是非判断题。对照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs.排除选项C；It would m

24、ake it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除选项D；And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排除选项A；答案是B。第17题【单选题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intellige

25、nce occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the differ

26、ence in measured intelligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is _. A、Two Major Changed View of Intelligence B、Many of the differences in mea

27、sured intelligence C、Main Results of Recent Researches D、Impact on School Education【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项C中的Main Results只不过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第18题【单选题】【2010.04】The spokesman occasionally _ his speech with gestures. A、ackn

28、owledges B、accompanies C、attributes D、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第19题【单选题】【阅读选择】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand the

29、loneliness anymore, the strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should _. A、change your decision B、blame your parents for it C、

30、stick to your decision and go on D、make more friends【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者认为你出国后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第20题【单选题】【2009.04】This is the first time that a woman

31、has been_ to the post. A、granted B、praised C、pointed D、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：本题考查词义辨析。详细解答：A 允许、同意；B 表扬、赞扬；C 指、指出；D 指定、任命、委任。第21题【单选题】【阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe your

32、e sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but you

33、ll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _. A、change his energy cycle B、overcome his laziness C、get up earlier than usual D、go to bed earlier【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思，作出正确判断。本段开头说，“虽然你无法改变自己的能量

34、周期，但你可以使你的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为(对你的能量周期)能起作用。”最后两句又说，“rise before your usual hourwork better at your low point”(“如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得更好。”)因此选项C是正确答案。第22题【单选题】【阅读选择】But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it autom

35、atically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock

36、were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs? A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically. B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock. C、Our internal clock as well as the

37、 alarm clock can be reset automatically. D、Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.【正确答案】C【答案解析】是非判断题，根据第五自然段首句But just like（和一样） your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代词

38、 it指代biological clock，不是选项internal clock和alarm clock都可以自动调节。得到答案为C。A D 我们的生物钟自动调节。B 光线通过我们的眼睛调节生物钟，与原文一致。第23题【单选题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questionsSome people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who

39、died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the areaA Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been foundThe scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe

40、even a thousand years oldAll the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT_ A、he was a soldier in World War I B、he was a Swiss womans long-lost father C、he was born about a thousand years ago D、he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第24题【单选题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors

41、 at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百岁老人) get asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。题目说的是“这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社区”，文章开头部分提到了“community(社区)”，但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人生活的社

42、区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第25题【单选题】Each of us should _ aside a few minutes to have a rest every day. A、push B、provide C、turn D、set【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。set aside：留出，拨出。是固定搭配。第26题【单选题】【阅读判断】Whether you work at home，on the farm，at the office，at school，or on the road，it is not a good idea to skip

43、(故意略去) breakfast.Q: It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原句的意思是：无论一个人在哪干活，不吃早餐都不是个好主意。因此该命题是错误的。第27题【单选题】【阅读判断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket（板球）.Q: Baseball s

44、hares many features with the English game of cricket. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题对应的语句为：the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket，因此是正确的。第28题【单选题】【填句补文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists d

45、id not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a larg

46、e group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们改变观点的句子，因为下一句表明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。第29题【单选题】【2009.10】There are many sales this se

47、ason, during which stores will lower their _ prices. A、normal B、general C、ordinary D、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为：这个季节有很多促销活动，在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A 正常的、平常的 B 普通的、一般的 C 普通的 D 寻常的、通常的第30题【单选题】【阅读选择】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to

48、 break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter

49、 of a pound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth? A、1 pound. B、2 pounds. C、3 pounds. D、4 pounds.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球表面4000英里的地方，重量会是多少？4000这个数字比较关键，因为在本段最后一句中出现了这个词，一看该句If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 mil

50、es out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.只是把名词换了一下，很显然答案就是变成原来重量的四分之一，因此正确答案是A。第31题【单选题】【概括大意】The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is “Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guid

51、e them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden.”The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Different Kinds of Gardens. B、Kinds of Plants in s Home Garden C、The Most Important

52、Point in Family Gardening D、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴赏力。所以答案为C。第32题【单选题】【2007.04】The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its _ considerably. A、distribution B、contribution C、prescription D、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。circula

53、tion：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额，销路。符合句意。 第33题【单选题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability（不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realiz

54、ing the sexist（性别歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is _. A、the timely（及时的）discovery B、its uncertainty C、sex equality D、its connection with humans【正确答案】C【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female）name

55、s作为答案线索词）中最后一句判断答案为C（与性别有关）。第34题【单选题】【2009.10】The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes, _ caused me to arrive late. A、it B、that C、what D、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分钟，这使得我到达晚了。第35题【单选题】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D

56、、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：本题考查主将从现。详细解答：根据主将从现的原则，主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 第36题【单选题】【阅读判断】One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse.Q: When an ordinary computer mouse

57、 gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。题中说鼠标脏了，就得换用新的。这一说法与原文不符。原文说的是鼠标脏了，可以擦干净再用。it has to be replaced with a new one 与 you have to clean your mouse 不符。所以选B。第37题【单选题】【阅读选择】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks

58、are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks? A、Unequal access to medical care. B、Greater probability of having other diseases. C、Differences in the biology of the cancer. D

59、、Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites，与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第38题【单选题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comp

60、rehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is a