人教新课标版2011年高考第一轮复习必修1_Unit_1_Friendship_知识点总结

1、人教新课标版2011年高考第一轮复习必修1 Unit 1 Friendship 知识点总结基础落实.高频单词思忆1.She was very (心烦) to hear that she failed in the exam again.2.If the weather is good, well eat _ (户外).3.Business has (遭受) loss since the economic crisis (经济危机) happened.4.When he was abroad, his parents were (担心) about his safety.5.The old la

2、dy has got a (疏松的) tooth.6.There were several new events (增加) to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. 7.The big earthquake that happened in Sichuan destroyed the town of Bei chuan e .8.According to the law, t are not allowed to smoke or drink.9.Her nervousness was c itself to the children

3、. 10.He i all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. .重点短语再现1. 平静下来2. 与相处3. 欺骗某人做某事4. 爱上某人5. 记下，写下6. 故意7. 遛狗8. 面对面地9. 在黄昏时刻10. 一系列的.典型句式运用1.She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.她和家人躲藏了几乎25个月后被发现了。 句中before意思是“ ”， 有时可以理解为“ ”。在 “It+be+时间段+before

4、从句”中before意为 “ ”。在“It+be+否定形式+ long+before从句”中before意为 “ ”。2.I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut.我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。 not.until.意为: ， 在这个句型中，主句的动词必须是终止性动词。3.Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.还有一次，就在五个月前的一个晚上， 我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。句中happ

5、en to do sth.意思是“ ”，可转变为It happens that.。 4.; it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face .；这是我这一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚 此句为复合句，that引导定语从句修饰 。It/That/This is/was the first/second/third.time that.意为： 。导练互动重点单词1.add up your score and see how many points you get.(回归课本P1) 观察思考 The

6、 music added to our enjoyment in the party. 音乐使我们在晚会上享受到了更多的乐趣。 These figures in the bill dont add up right. 账单上的这些数字加起来得到的结果不对。 The money she spends on clothes a month adds up to $1,000. 她每个月花在衣服上的钱加起来总共有1 000美元。归纳总结 add 。add up sth./add sth.up把加起来add up to加起来共计/达（不用于被动语态）add to增加，增添（后多接抽象名词）add.to

7、.把加到/进里add that.补充（说）即学即用His returning home safe and sound _ (使她倍感欢喜).2.upset Your friend comes to school very . （回归课本P1） 观察思考 Shes really upset about losing the money when buying clothes. 在买衣服时丢了钱，她真的很不安。 His fathers death upset him very much. 他父亲的去世使他很难过。 The rain upset our plan for a picnic. 这场雨打

8、乱了我们去野餐的计划。 He made a movement and upset his glass. 他动了一下，把玻璃杯打翻了。归纳总结 upset 。(sth.) upset sb.（某事）使某人心烦意乱(sb.) upset sth.（某人）打/弄翻某物upset a plan打乱计划be upset about/over/at sth.为某事烦心upset ones stomach使（肠胃）不适即学即用 （1）There is no point _ (为此事烦恼).（2） (你别为这 事烦恼了)lets just forget it.3.concern You will tell y

9、our friend that you are about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.(回归课本P1) 观察思考 There is now considerable concern for their illness. 现在（人们）对他们的病情相当担心。 She is always concerning herself about other peoples business. 她总是关心别人的事情。Im not concerned with that matter any longer.我和那件事再也没有关系了。H

10、e called on all concerned to take an active part in the movement.他呼吁所有有关的人积极地参与这场运动。归纳总结 concern 。be concerned with sth.和有关be concerned about sth.担心/关心某事即学即用 （1）This novel was concerned the Second World War, while most teenagers are more concerned the heros love story. A. with; aboutB. with; at C. f

11、or; aboutD. about; with （2）Theyve decided to have another discussion their methods of work. A. concerns B. concerned C. as concern D. concerning4.ignore Youll the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.(回归课本P1) 观察思考 Its dangerous to ignore traffic rules. 忽视交通规则是很危险的。 She saw him coming

12、 but she ignored him. 她看见他走过来，但假装没看到他。归纳总结ignore 。ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/某事ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的be ignorant that.不知道某事be ignorant of/about sth.不知道某事即学即用（1）我们不能不考虑他们的劝告。 We cant afford to .（2）他对现代科技一无所知。 Hes completely modern technology.5.settl

13、e She found it difficult to and calm down in the hiding place,.（回归课本P4） 观察思考 At last the old couple settled in the countryside. 最后那对老年夫妇在乡下定居了。 The butterfly settled on the flower. 蝴蝶在那朵花上停了下来。 Its time you settled the problem. 是你们解决这个问题的时候了。归纳总结settle 。settle down舒适地坐下（或躺下）；定居；安静/平静下来settle in/into

14、习惯于；适应settle on选定，决定settle up付清账单即学即用（1）With a lot of difficult problems ,the manager felt like a cat on hot bricks. A. settledB. answered C. to settleD. to answer（2）The voyage was completed, so James Cook made up his mind to down in London. A. settle B. write C. set D. sit6.suffer She from loneline

15、ss,. (回归课本P4) 观察思考 His work is suffering because of family problems. 由于家庭问题，他的工作日渐退步。 He looked very pale, and seemed to have suffered a great deal. 他看起来脸色苍白，好像很痛苦。 She suffered the loss of her pupils respect. 她失去了学生们对她的尊重。归纳总结suffer 。suffer作及物动词时，其后跟的宾语常是pain, loss, defeat, punishment, hardship等。在表

16、示“患（某种疾病）”时要用 。suffer作不及物动词，表“受到损失/损害”时，其主语一般是 。即学即用（1）During the war, he much pain. A. is suffered B. suffered C. was suffered D. was suffered from（2）It is to be that your health is since youve been sitting by the desk all day long. A. expecting; suffering B. expected; suffering C. expecting; suffe

17、red D. expected; suffered 重点短语与句型7.go through .,or would not understand what you are ?(回归课本P2) 观察思考 I always start the day by going through my e-mail. 我每天总是先看电子邮件。 Hes amazingly cheerful considering all hes gone through. 经历了种种磨难，他还是那么乐观，令人惊叹。 归纳总结go through意为： 。go after追赶go against违反，与不符go ahead先走；开

18、始做，着手干go by逝去；过去go off离开；爆炸go on上场；继续；流逝go over检查即学即用 （1）在战争期间，他的父亲经历了许多危险。 （2）请你仔细审阅这些文章。 8.set down I dont want to a series of facts in a diary.(回归课本P2)观察思考The policeman set down the drivers on the list who broke traffic rules.那位警察把违反交通规则的司机的名字登记下来。The driver set her down at the station.司机让她在车站下车。

19、归纳总结set down意为： 。set about (doing sth.)着手（做某事）set out (to do sth.)开始，着手（做某事）set aside留出；不顾set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟set free释放；解放set off动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸set out动身，出发；着手；安排，组织set up开办；建立；设立set an example树立榜样set fire to.=set.on fire纵火烧即学即用（1）乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。 Passengers may be and picked up only at the official s

20、tops.（2）由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了几个星期。 The bad weather the building program by several weeks.9. get along with Im a boy in my class.(回归课本P6) 观察思考 Im not getting along very fast with this job. 我这个工作进展不太快。 Be quiet and get along with your work. 安静下来，继续干你的事。 He doesnt get along well with anybody in the office. 他和

21、办公室的人相处得不好。归纳总结get along with sb.意为： 。在get along后可以加副词，表示相处得如何。get along with sth.表示“ ”的意思。有关get的短语：get about/around（消息）传开get.across讲清楚；（使）被领会get away from.离开；脱身get.back收回，找回get.down记下来；使悲伤，使沮丧get down to认真做；开始着手做get in到达；收割get on.上车/船/飞机等；继续进行；相处get over.克服；摆脱get rid of.消灭，摆脱，除掉get together聚会，联欢即学即

22、用（1）他与同学们相处得很好。 He his classmates. （2）你的英语学习进展得如何？ are you your English studies?10.join in .to discussions and show interest in other peoples ideas.(回归课本P7) 观察思考 About 400,000 workers joined in the strike in 1939 in their country. 大约有四十万名工人在1939年参加了他们国家的那次罢工。 Will you join us in a game of bridge? 你和

23、我们一起打桥牌好吗？ They danced and danced until a lot of people joined in. 他们跳啊跳，直到许多人参加进来。归纳总结join in意为： 。易混辨异join, join in, take part in, attend, participate （1）join表示“加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部” 等，如join the Party/Youth League/army/club/organization入党/入团/参军/加入俱乐部/加入组织。（2）join in表示“参加正在进行的活动”，如join in a game/discussio

24、n/conversation/walk参加游戏/讨论/谈话/散步。亦可说：join sb. in (doing) sth.表示“加入某人一起做某事”。 （3）take part in表示“参加会议、活动”，侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作用，part前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词，如take (an active) part in a party/school activities/physical labour (积极)参加聚会/学校活动/体力劳动。（4）attend表示“出席或参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，上课，上学，听报告”，如attend a meeting/a sports meetin

25、g/a concert/a show/school/a lecture参加会议/运动会/出席音乐会/出席展览会/上学/听演讲。（5）participate为正式用语，和介词in连用，表示积极地参与。即学即用用join的相关短语填空 （1）They are playing basketball on the playground. Lets . （2）Will you me buying a present for her?11.I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown

26、 so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道 这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 典例体验What Joe found in the bathroom?乔在洗手间发现的是什么？ in the town he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。 quite recently they knew the secret about Jacks failure.直到最近他们才知道杰克s失败了。归纳总结此句中的Its.that.是强调句型。（1）强调句型的基本结构： 。用来强调 、和 等成分

27、。that只起 作用， 成分，但 省略。当被强调部分为sb.时可用who，也可用that，其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语的人称与数保持一致。（2）特殊句式中的强调句型：如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底、究竟”等语气时，就用如下结构：“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分”，that，who后只能使用陈述语序。在强调“not.until”结构中由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+not until+被强调部分+that+该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中

28、的谓语动词用肯定式。（3）要注意强调句型和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，要采用“还原法”。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整且在上下文中表达的意思合情合理，则是强调句，否则不是。（4）英语中常用助动词do, does或did强调谓语。I did come yesterday.我昨天确实来了。即学即用（1）It we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until;

29、 that C. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that 解析 本题考查强调句。强调句的基本结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+其他成分。句意为：我们在一起呆了几个星期后我才发现我们有许多共同之处。not.until.直到才。（2）I have nothing to confess. you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that考题回扣【例1】This is the first time we a film in

30、 the cinema together as a family. (陕西高考) A. seeB. had seen C. sawD. have seen 解析 在This/It is the first/second.time that从句中，that从句谓语动词用现在完成时态。 句意为：这是第一次我们全家人一起到电影院看电影。课文原文., in a year and a half that the night face to face.【例2】You cant borrow books from the school library you get your student card. （

31、上海高考）beforeB. if C. while D. as 解析 句意为:在你得到学生证之前不能从学校图书馆借书。if是否，假如；while在同时；as 当时候,均不合题意。 课文原文 She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months they were discovered. 【例3】Shell never forget her stay there she found her son who had gone missing two years before.(四川高考)that B. which C. where D.

32、 when 解析 stay在此处的意义与a period of staying相同，故用when引导定语从句，且when在从句中作时间状语。 课文原文 I can well remember that there was a time a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.【例4】At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see it

33、 got any better. （北京高考） A. when B. how C. why D. if 解析 if在此引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。 课文原文 I wonder its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that. 【例5】At the age of 29,Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and what to do about his future. （湖南高考） A. living; wondering B. lived; wond

34、ering C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered 解析 句意为：29岁时，大卫是一名工人，居住 在波士顿附近的一座小公寓里，对于他的未来还一片茫然。根据句意及句式结构，live和wonder 的逻辑主语都是Dave,所以要使用现在分词短语作定语。课文原文.I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains_.写作技能 如何写好简单句 当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。句子的两个主要组成部分是主语和谓语，而谓语都是由动词构成的。因此，动词在句子中起着极其重要的作用，可以说是句子的核心。在英

35、语中，各类动词后有不同的结构，从而构成不同的句型，抓住动词及它们引起的各种句型，就会对英语句子有一个总的概念。简单句大体上可以分为下面五种类型：1.主语+不及物动词（S+Vi.） The little baby smiled.婴儿笑了。 2.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt.+O） Lily knows French.莉莉懂法语。 Everybody laughed at that ugly boy. 每个人都嘲笑那个丑陋的男孩。3.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 （S+Vt.+IO+DO） My grandmother told me a story. 我的奶奶给我讲了一个故事。 My u

36、ncle bought a new computer for me. 我的叔叔给我买了一台新电脑。4.主语+系动词+表语（S+V.+P） The food is (tastes) very delicious. 食物尝起来非常美味。5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（S+Vt.+O+C） The news made us surprised. 这消息使我们很吃惊。 Miss Wang told me not to be discouraged. 王女士告诉我别气馁。即时练习连词成句1.at,red,face,news,her,turned,the2.we,bus,catch,so as to

37、, got, first, up, the, early 3.a,made,she,dress,beautiful,me4.first,my,made,homework,me,do,my mother5.found,with,family,to,it,your,very,I,pleasant,be自主检测.品句填词1.She i him and carried on with her work.2.The incident caused a whole s of events that nobody had foreseen. 3.The e village was destroyed in

38、Wenchuan Earthquake. 4.Many young men d with their parents on most things because of generation gap. 5.Would you like to give me some useful t_ on how to save money? 6.This magazine is designed for (青少年).7.My father has made a full (康复) from the operation. 8.We will be (感激的) for any information you

39、can give us.9.The seeds may be sown (户外) in the spring. 10.He did it on (故意),knowing it would annoy her.短语运用grow crazy about, laugh at, hide away, set down,go through, suffer from, get along well with,join in, make an effort to, pay attention to1.Why dont you your ideas on paper?2.She has an unhappy

40、 time recently.3.Do you often headaches?4.Are you your classmates in the new school?5.We all Jane when she said she believed in ghosts (鬼).6.Young people have pop music.7.She has somewhere.8.Can I the game?9.I will finish the job ahead of time. 10.Please what I am saying.完成句子1.The country has always

41、 _ (遭受水灾). 2.That crying child soon (安静下来). 3.Everybody knew that (他是故意这么做的).4.Youd better (面对面和他谈谈).5.There was a time (女孩子是不能去上学的). 6.He _ (对她一见钟情).单项填空1.Its a mans duty to the good things of this world with his neighbours. A. share B. spare C. spend D. give 解析 句意为：将这个世界上美好的东西与邻居们分享是一个人的职责（本分）。sha

42、re分享，分担；spare抽出，匀出；spend花费；度过；give 给予。故A项正确。 2.Do you remember a time people were a little nicer and gentler with each other? A. thatB. which C. whenD./ 解析 a time作先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于during a time，因此选C项。 3. from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he g

43、oes. A. SufferedB. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered解析 此题考查分词作状语。suffer与Professor White构成主动关系，故排除A、D；又因两个动作 有明显的先后顺序，故用完成时，答案应选C项。4.Broadly speaking, I would agree with Shirley, though not . A. widelyB. thoroughly C. entirelyD. extensively 解析 本题考查在特定的语境中正确使用副词的能力。widely广泛地；thoroughly彻底地

44、，透彻地； entirely完全地，类似于completely; extensively 广泛地；广阔地。根据题意，C为正确选项。5.The exhibition hall, many times, became the second largest in the world and could hold 100,000 people at a time. A. added to B. adding to C. addedD. adding 解析 add to在此表示“增添，扩建”，与the exhibition hall是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。 句意为：这个展览厅，在多次被扩建后，规模

45、之大排名世界第二，一次能够容纳十万人。6.I wanted to have a word with her, but she me and went away. A. sawB. calmed C. toldD. ignored 解析 考查动词词义辨析。see看见；calm使冷 静；tell告诉；ignore不理睬。由but可知应选D 项。句意为：我想和她说句话，但她走开了，不 理我。7.Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time Brian gets back. A. beforeB. since C .t

46、illD. after 解析 考查从属连词的辨析。句式“It will be +一段时间+before.”意为“要过（时间） 才”。句意为：很抱歉让你等了这么久，但 仍要过一段时间Brian才会回来。 8.You are always full of .Can you tell me the secret? Taking plenty of exercise every day. powerB. strength C. forceD. energy 解析 考查名词词义辨析。由答句“每天进行大量的锻炼”可知应是“你总是精力充沛”。power 能量；权力；strength力量，力气;force力量； 武力；energy指人的精力。故答案为D项。 9.My deskmate has difficulty spelling some of the words in American English while I have trouble pronunciation. A. with; withB. in; with C. in; inD. with; in 解析 have difficulty后面跟介词in，再接动名 词，have trouble后面跟介词with,再接名词或代 词，故选B项。句意为：我的同桌在某些美式英语的 单词