2014年江苏省高考英语试题

1、 2014江苏Lessons can be learned to face the future,_history cannot be changed.A. though B. as C. since D. unless考察状语从句连词辨析 A尽管历史不能改变，但是为了面对未来我们还是要从历史中学会教训。根据句意可知上下文之间存在着转折关系，所以使用though表示让步和转折。22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work a good impression is a must.A

2、. which B. when C. as D. where考察定语从句D在日常交流中这本书书帮助了很多，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。试题延伸where引导定语从句时，是表示地点或者抽象意义“在方面”23.How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well, the media _it in a variety of forms.A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered考察时态 答案C句意：你对即将在南京举行的青奥会了解多少？很

3、好，媒体以多种形式对青奥会举行了报道。根据本句中的well，可知后者对青奥会很了解。这主要是因为媒体多种形式的报道，本句使用现在完成时体现出过去所发生的事情对现在的影响。24. Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay_.A. in place B. in order C. in shape D. in fashion考察介词短语辨析C in place有序，在适当的位置；in order井井有条；in shape健康的，状态良好的；in fashion流行的，时尚的；25.

4、Top graduates from universities are by major companies.A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensated考察动词词义辨析A Chase追求，追逐；register登记，注册；offer提供；compensate补偿，赔偿；来自大学里的优秀毕业生收到大公司的追逐。表示大公司愿意接受大学的优秀毕业生。26. What a mess! You are always so lazy!Im not to blame, mum. I am _you have made me.A. how B. what

5、 C. that D. whoB本题考察的是名词性从句中的表语从句。是你让我成为这样的。27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful in last years election.A. symbol B. portrait C. identity D. statueA名词的词义辨析。A象征；标志；符号；记号；代表人物；B肖像；identity身份；statue雕像，塑像.虽然两年前就已遭软禁，她在去年的选举中仍然是势力强大的代表人物。28. The idea happiness, , will

6、not sit still for easy definition.A. to be rigid B. to be sure C. to be perfect D. to be fairB本题考察的是形容词词义辨析。Rigid僵硬的，死板的；sure确信的，肯定的，有把握的；perfect完美一的；fair公平的；句意：“幸福，“可以肯定的是，不是个静态简单的定义。29. His lecture_, a lively question-and-answer session followed.A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. hav

7、ing been given考察非谓语动词用法D本题较难，a lively question-and-answer session followed是一个完整的句子，本题的两部分之间缺少连词，所以逗号前面的不能是句子，只能是一个独立主格结构。名词his lecture与动词give之间构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动，排除B项。A项表示正在进行，C项不定式表示将要进行。都符合语义，D项having been done在做状语的时候相当于done。本句的独立主格结构His lecture having been given相当于After his lecture had been give

8、n。句意：他的演讲结束后，将是一个现场问答部分。30.Dad, I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see. Ill go right away and .A. pay him back B. pay him off C. put him away D. put him offB本题考察的是动词pay及put的短语辨析。Pay back偿还；报复；报答；偿付；pay off付清；（付清工资后）解雇；（努力）得到回报；put away收拾，整理，放在一边，不管不顾；put off推迟；31. It was sad

9、to me that they, so poor themselves, bring me food.A. might B. would C. should D. could“竟然”。C正确。32. I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill be occupied.A. also B. just C. nevertheless D. otherwiseD本题考察的是副词词义辨析。Also也；just只不过，仅仅；nevertheless 然而，不过；otherwise要不然；另外；句意：星期天我不能去接你了，另外我还会很忙。33. Legend has it that th

10、e origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to the soul of Qu Yuan.A. remember B. remind C. recover D. recallD Remember记得；remind提醒，使想起；recover康复；recall回忆；句意：相传端午节是为了让我们想起屈原的精神。34. Good families are much to all their members, but to none.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothingC本题考察的是代词词义辨析。Some

11、thing某些事情，重要人物；anything任何事情，一些事情；everything一切；nothing没有东西；没有事情；无关紧要的东西；句意：优秀的家庭对她的成员们来说意味着许多，但并不是一切。35. _! Somebody has left the lab door open. Dont look at me.A. Dear me B. Hi, there C. Thank goodness D. Come on A Dear me天哪！（表示惊讶）Hi，there嗨，你好；Thank goodness谢天谢地；Come on加油；得了吧！第二节 完形填空Dale Carnegie r

12、ose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first 36 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at StateTeachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 37 he was struggling against many difficulties. His family w

13、as poor. His Dad couldnt afford the 38 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 39 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 40 he didnt have the time or the 41 .He had only one good suit. He tried 42 the football team, but the

14、coach turned him down for being too 43 During this period Dale was slowly 44 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 45 him from achieving his real potential. She 46 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 47 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that h

15、e needed.Dale took his mothers advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 48 made it. This proved to be a 49 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 51 .Now other students were coming to him

16、for coaching and they, 52 , were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to 53 his feelings of inferiority. Dale came to understand that the ability to 54 an idea to an audience builds a persons confidence. And, 55 it. Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to doand so could others.36. A. admi

17、tted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized37. A. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction38. A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment39. A. between B. during C. over D. through40. A. while B. when C. because D. though41. A. permits B. interest C. talent D. clothes42.A. on B. for C. in

18、D. with43. A. light B. flexible C. optimistic D. outgoing44. A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining45. A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free 51. A. horse-riding B. football C. speech D. farming52. A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact53.A. convey B. overcome C. understand D. bui

19、ld54. A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat55. A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with46. A. suggested B. demanded C. required D. insisted47. A. presence B. practice C. patience D. potential48. A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally49. A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning50. A. prog

20、ress B. experience C. competence D. confidence考点考察人生哲理类完型填空文章大意人生中最重要的是要拥有自己。有了自信，我们就可以做到我们想做的任何事情。本文以大师戴尔卡耐基的成功故事告诉我们信心的重要性。36.答案D 考察动词词义辨析。A承认；B填充，装满；C提供；D认识到；认出；戴尔卡耐基从密苏里的一个默默无闻的农场里走出来成为一名国际大师，是因为他找到一个方法来满足人们共同的需要。这个需要是1906年他在StateTeachers College学习的时候意识到的。本句是一个强调句型,强调的是recognize的宾语need。37. B考察名词

21、词义辨析及上下文串联。A任务；工作；B教育；C优势；D指导；为了得到教育，戴尔卡耐基与很多困难在做斗争。根据下文叙述可知他为了求得教育，他克服了很多困难。38. B考察名词辨析及语境理解。A培训；B寄宿膳食；C教育；D设备；他的父亲没有钱付他的大学寄宿膳食的钱，他不得不骑马12英里去上学。39. A 考察介词辨析。A在之间；B在期间；C超过；越过；C通过；他的很多学习都是在农场到学校途中进行的，因为他在上学的路上要花很多时间。40. C 考察连词辨析及上下文串联。A当时；然而，尽管；B当时；C因为；D尽管；因为他没有时间也没有衣服，所以他没有参加各种学校的活动。上下文之间存在着因果关系，所以使

22、用because。41. D 考察名词辨析及上下文串联。A允许，许可证；B兴趣；C才干；D服装；因为他没有时间也没有衣服，所以他没有参加各种学校的活动。ABC三项与句意不相符。42. B 考察固定搭配。Try on试穿；try for申请；他申请参加足球队，但是教练拒绝了他，说他太体重太轻了。43. A 考察形容词辨析。A轻的；淡的；B灵活的；C乐观的；D外向的；BCD三项和教练拒绝队员没有联系，如果队员过于瘦弱，不适合足球这项剧烈运动，教练的拒绝是有理由的。44.C 考察动词词义辨析。A赢得；B实现；C形成，发展；D获得；在这段时间里，卡耐基慢蛮难第形成了一种自卑感。通常都使用develop

23、表示养成，形成一种性格。故C正确。45. A 考察动词词义辨析及语境理解。A阻止；B保护；C挽救；D使免受；他妈妈知道这种自卑感会阻止他发展自身的潜力。本句中的prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事，这个结构符合上下文含义。46. A 考察动词词义辨析及语法。A建议；B要求；C请求；D坚持要求，坚持认为；他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为辩论队里的演讲的练习会给与他所需要的认可和信心。根据句意说明A项正确，而且在join前面省略了should，这是一个虚拟语气。47. B 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A出席；B练习；C耐心；D潜力；他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为辩论队里

24、的演讲的练习会给与他所需要的认可和信心48. C 考察副词词义辨析及上下文串联。A有希望地；B当然；C最后；D自然地；卡耐基采纳了妈妈的建议，多次努力以后，最后终于成功了。根据after several attempts可知49. D 考察词义辨析。A关键的；B破坏的；C基本的；D转折的；turning point转折点。这件事情证明是他人生的转折点。从此他走了上成功之路。50. D 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A进步；B经历，经验；C能力，技能；D自信；在很多人面前发表演讲帮助他得到了他所需要的信心。之前他曾经一度很自卑，现在演讲让他重新获得自信。51. C 考察上下文串联。A骑马；B足球

25、；C演讲；D农艺；到他大四的时候，他赢得了演讲方面所有的最高荣誉。有很多学生都来向他寻求指导，接着在他的指导之下，他们也相继赢得了比赛。52. C 考察介词短语辨析及上下文串联。A作为回报；B简洁地；C依次，轮流；D实际上；有很多学生都来向他寻求指导，接着在他的指导之下，他们也相继赢得了比赛。In turn表示那些学生也相继成功了。53. B 考察动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A传达；B克服；C理解；D建设；在之前克服自卑的斗争中，卡耐基逐渐理解向听众表达观点能够增强一个人的信心。54. A 考察动词词义辨析及语境理解。A表达；B使承受；C贡献，导致；D重复；卡耐基逐渐理解向听众表达观点能够增强一

26、个人的信心。55. D 考察介词辨析。With it中的it是指耐心，有了耐心，他可以做他想做的一切。阅读理解A：Never before had a kitchen so much of a HistoryIt tells of Freedom, Success, and of the Architecture of big American cities. Because that is where it started: in the second half of the 19th century!Welcome to a new Era of Kitchen Interior Desi

27、gn Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth. This dream was realized by young architects such as Daniel Burnham and Stanford White.They all had studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. And they created a

28、new style for Architecture and Interior Design, named after the famous French Art Institute: Beaux Arts.SieMatic BcauxArts Breaks and CreatesIn fact it was not a new style at all, but a composition of styles from different periods and cultures. Many world-famous structures such as the Chicago Art In

29、stitute and the Statue of Liberty account for it. But what does that have to do with your kitchen? Just as much as you want it to. Because in the same way that the anti-conventional architects back then took the freedom to combine elements from different historical eras, today, you too can break the

30、 conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities: A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own. You can choose from menu of various for

31、ms, appealing colors, and precious materials, to create an environment that is much more than just a kitchen: a reflection of your personality.56. Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?A. It helped display their money status. B. It was created by famous architects.C. It was name

32、d after a famous institute. D. It represented the 19th century urban culture.57. What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?A. Its designs are anti-conventional.B. Its designs come from famous structures.C. Its customers can enjoy their own composition.D. Its customers can choose from various new styles.考

33、点考察社会生活类阅读56. A推理题。根据Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth可知这种风格能够表现他们的私人财富，也就是说能够显示他们有钱。57. C推理题。根据you too can break a harmonious design of your own.可知SieMatic BeauxArts让顾客有机会显示自己的构思。B：However wealthy we m

34、ay be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someones time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we wo

35、rk at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity costnamely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hou

36、rs to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? Thisthe alternative use of your cash and timeis the opportunity cost.For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgoin te

37、rms of money and enjoymentin order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: theres no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someon

38、e offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spen

39、t elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense its human nature to do precisely thatwe assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the business world, a popular phrase is value for money. People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, an

40、other is fast obtaining an advantage: value for time. The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By readmg this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doi

41、ng other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.58. According to the passage, the concept of opportunity cost is applied to .A. making more money B. taking

42、more opportunitiesC. reducing missed opportunities D. weighing the choice of opportunities59. Hie leftover . time in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time .A. spared for watching the match at home B. taken to have dinner with friendsC. spent on the way to and from the match D. saved from not going

43、 to watch the match60. What are forgone opportunities?A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making. B. Opportunities you give up for better ones.C. Opportunities you miss accidentally. D. Opportunities you make up for.考点考察经济知识类阅读58. D 推理题。根据文章第一段2，3行Economics deals won something else.可知opportunity

44、 cost是指人们思考自己的时间金钱是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上。也就是在衡量自己的选择是否合理。59. C 推理题。根据文章第三段Why not, you dinner with friends?人们本来是想去看球赛，但是球赛的票太贵了。所以就把本来准备看球赛的金钱和时间用在了别的地方，那么这里的leftover money and time就是指看球赛来回所花费的时间。60. B 推理题。根据文章第三段Even if someone offersforgone opportunities.即使有人带你去享受免费的午餐，在这种情况下，你吃饭的时间还是会让你失去某些东西。这是从forgo

45、ne opportunities的角度来说的，也就是说你还可以用这段时间做更有价值，更有意义的事情，但是你却把他用来享用这段免费的午餐。所以forgone opportunities就是指放弃的机会。C：Most damagingly, anger weakens a persons ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or si

46、tuation that arouses his anger.Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another.The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultaral forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally co

47、nsidered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels(决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one persons awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG

48、 (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition （意向）that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas a

49、rent balanced and. as a result of this, were likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions,

50、in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are. the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists ref

51、er to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称 ) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry perso

52、n can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring sitaation.61. The duels example in Paragraph 2 proves that

53、 the expression of anger .A. usually has a biological basis B. varies among peopleC. is socially and culturally shaped D. influences ones thinking and evaluation62. What changes can be found in an angry brain?A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefront

54、al areas.C. Electrical activity corresponds to ones behaviour.D. Electrical activity agrees with ones disposition.63. Which of the following is typical of offensive anger?A. Approaching the source of anger. B. Trying to control what is disliked.C. Moving away from what is disliked. D. Feeling helple

55、ss in the face of anger.64. What is the key message of the last paragraph?A. How anger differs from other emotions. B. How anger relates to other emotions.C. Behavioural responses to anger. D. Behavioural patterns of anger.考察科普知识类阅读本文介绍了一些与愤怒有关的表现以及医学原理和人们生气的时候表现出的行为模式。61. C 推理题。根据文章第二段In contempora

56、ry culture, physical tolerated.在当代社会里，愤怒的肢体表现被认为是对社会有伤害而不能被容忍。但是在古代却又着决斗这样的行为，说明愤怒的表现形式是由不同的社会和文化形成的。62. B 细节题。根据第三段3,4行But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas arent balanced可知当我们生气的时候，脑电图在额叶前部会出现不平衡的现象。63. A 细节题。根据文章第四段3,4,5行The angrier we are. the more likely .causing

57、his anger. 可知当我们生气的时候，我们很可能靠近让我们生气的对象。这是典型的offensive anger的表现。64. D 段落大意题。根据本段1,2行Most positive emotionsavoidance behaviour中的approach behaviour和avoidance behaviour可知本段讲述的是愤怒的时候，人们表现出的行为模式。D：August 1990，BostonDear Maya Shao-ming,To me, June 6,1990 is a special day. My long-awaited dream came true the

58、 minute your father cried, A girl! You are more than just a second child, more than just a girl to match our boy. You, little daughter, are the link to our female line, the legacy of another womans pain and sacrifice 31 years ago.Let me tell you about your Chinese grandmother. Somewhere in Hong Kong

59、, in the late fifties, a young waitress found herself pregnant (怀孕) by a cook, probably a co-worker at her restaurant. She carried the baby to term, suffered to give it birth, and kept the little girl for the first three months of her life. I like to think that my motheryour randmotherloved me and f

60、ought to raise me on her own, but that the daily struggle was too hard. Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constant threat of starvation, she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life.More likely, I was dropped at t