2019年高考全国卷英语语法复习——状语从句

1、 Adverbial Clauses状语从句1. logical relationship/connection 逻辑关系2. 位置灵活I love pizza. I rarely eat it. Its unhealthy.Although I love pizza, I rarely eat it because its unhealthy.I rarely eat pizza, although I love it, because its unhealthy. 状语从句的分类写出下列状语从句的类型Being overweight as a kid could cause you to

2、have serious health problems as you get older.Where there is no rain, farming is difficult.Roses need special care so that they can live through winter.I had so little money then that I couldnt even afford a used car.As it is raining, youd better take your umbrellas with you.时间地点目的结果原因They want peac

3、e as much as we do.You must do everything as I do.In case anything important happens, please call me up.Even if we can save much energy, we can only delay the energy crisis.比较方式条件让步状语从句的分类_状语从句_状语从句_状语从句_状语从句_状语从句_状语从句_状语从句_状语从句_状语从句考什么?连词时态省略时间原因条件地点目的结果让步方式比较 1.时间状语从句注意时间状语从句中的时态:_1. She will be v

4、ery happy when she _ (know) that she has been given a chance to go abroad.2.You can go out to play when you _ (finish) your homework.3. I dont know if Mr. Lin _(come) to the party this evening. I think he will come if he _(be) free.主将从现knows finish will come is1)_I got to the station, I found the tr

5、ain had left.2)_ water becomes solid, we call it ice.3) _ I was cooking, I burnt my hand.4) _ she grew older, she gained confidence.5) She sings _she walks. 6) _he said it, he laughed.7)One evening I was having my dinner _ an unexpected friend knocked at my door.(一) when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句WhenWhil

6、e/ WhenWhen As whenas As 2表示主、从动作在同时发生时，用when 、while；但while后面的动词必须是_动词。1表示动作的先后顺序，即某一动作发生之后，另一动作才发生，用_.when 延续性3. as 强调动作_，常译成_4. _表示“就在这时忽然” “随着”或“一边一边”when小结：同时进行我正要下河游泳，这时导游警告我说河里有鲨鱼 。I was about to swim / on the point of swimming in the river when the guide warned me that there were sharks in it

7、. sb._ whensb._ whensb. _ whensb. _ when 常用句型:when表示“就在这时忽然” had just done sthwas doing sthwas about to do sthwas on the point of doing sth(二) The minute/moment/instant/second;immediately, directly, instantly;as soon as引导的时间状语从句, 表示“一就”“刚就” _ 常用时态搭配： No sooner haddone than didHardly had donewhen did

8、no soonerthan, hardly / scarcelywhen, 翻译:我刚回到家就开始下雨了。(正常语序 / 倒装)_ Translation.他一看见老师,脸色就变的惨白了。_The moment he saw the teacher, his face turned pale. I had hardly got home when it began to rain. = Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. =No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.从两件事间隔的时间看:a

9、s soon as 间隔最长，A事发生后，就做B事；no sooner.than 次之，刚做完A事，就做B事；hardly.when间隔最短，几乎未来得及做完A事，紧接着就做B事。表示“一就”的其他结构“on+ 动词-ing” 和 “on+ones+n.”结构。当动词-ing和n. 在意义上相对应时，这两个结构可以互换。翻译：刚到巴黎，这个小偷就被逮捕了。On arriving in Paris, the thief was arrested.On his arrival in Paris, the thief was arrested.(三)Complete the sentences:It

10、 will be five years _we meet again.It wasnt long_he told us about it.I slipped out _the lecture started.Please write it down_ you forget it.beforebeforebeforebeforeConclusion：It will be long before_It will not be long before_It was long before_It wasnt long before_得过好久才过不了多久就过了好久才过了不久就It will be +so

11、me time +before sb does sthIt was +some time + before sb did sth翻译：肯定：过多久才否定：过不了多久（没过多久）就(五)Its three years since he joined the League._It is three years since he was a League member._1. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. Translate the sentences:2. Do you smoke? _. It is three ye

12、ars since I smoked.Nosincesince +_动词的过去式,从该动作_算起；since+_动词的过去式,从该动作_算起。短暂性延续性发生时结束时他入团三年了。他不是团员三年了。It is/has been +some time +since sb did翻译：根据since后动词是短暂还是延续动词 Not until five days later did Bell send his first telegraph to his assistant Watson. It was not until five days later that Bell sent his fi

13、rst telegraph to his assistant Watson.(四) 由till, until引导的时间状语从句延续性动词Untiltill不能放句首短暂性动词强调句倒装句1) We do not realize the value of health until /till we lose it. 2) I worked until / till he came back. 3)_ she told me, I had no idea of what they had said.4) 句型转换:Bell didnt send his first telegraph to his

14、 assistant Watson until five days later. （六）其他引导时间状语从句的引导词 Complete the sentences: 1. I meet up with Julie _(每次)I go to Washington.2. I thought her nice and honest _(第一次见到她).each time/every timethe first time I met her高考链接：Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal. 3. Because of the he

15、avy traffic, it was already time for lunch break _ she got to her office. 2. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _ it becomes available. (有了大屋子马上就给你）while/whenas soon as/ immediately the moment/.when4. He had no sooner finished his speech _ the students started che

16、ering. than5. John thinks it wont be long _he is ready for his new job.before1. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait when it comes out online.2. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away while my daughter heard cries for help. until/till3. He

17、was told that it would be at least three more months since he could recover and return to work. 改错：whenbefore4. As is reported, it is 100 years after Qinghua University was founded. since2.地点状语从句 比较：I will go where he went. Ill go wherever he goes. 特定地点不确定地点Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids

18、can get at it. Everything was placed exactly _he wanted it for the graduation ceremony. Children will play _they happen to be. whereverwherewhere由 _引导。3) _ you have come, you may as well stay. Now that / Since because as / because 1) - Why didnt he attend the meeting? - It was _ he was ill.2) Wear s

19、trong shoes _ we shall do a lot of walking today.because, as, since, now that3.原因状语从句 1._ 语气最强，用来回答why提问和用在_句型中，这时不用as；其他地方不用区分。2. since/now that 一般译成_（往往放于主句之_），一般指_的原因.because“既然”强调前说话双方都清楚小结：1. Coach, can I continue with the training? Sorry, you cant _you havent recovered from the knee injury.2.T

20、he old man asked Lucy to move to another chair_ he wanted to sit next to his wife.because/as高考链接：because/asComplete the sentences:1.Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea. so that/in order that2. The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a saf

21、e life. so that/in order that3._we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early. In order that4.目的状语从句 小结： in order that, so that 引导状语从句，意思是_,但so that 引导的从句只能置于主句之_.为了后引导词常有：_ 1)Mike is so good a worker _ we all believe in him.2) It was such a good plan _ we all agreed to accept it. 3) It wa

22、s such a good plan _ we all agreed to accept. thatas_ was her cruelty that we all hated her. Such so+adj+that从句, such+n+that从句that5.结果状语从句 adv.adj.SO&SUCHso （adv.）修饰形容词和副词.主要结构有：1.so +adj.+a/an +可数名词单数+that从句2.so+adj./adv.+that从句3.so+many/few/much/little+复数可数名词+that从句such（adj.）修饰名词.主要结构有：1.such+a/an

23、+adj.+单数可数名词+that从句2.such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句3.such+adj.+复数可数名词+that从句常由_等引导。Translate the sentences:1) I wont call you, unless something unexpected happens. 2)Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover. if, unless (if not), so/ as long as, once (一旦), in case(万

24、一)6.条件状语从句 1. _ he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait. In case / If2. You can borrow my car_ you promise not to drive too fast . so/as long as3. _ they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. Once 4. _wehaveenoughevidence,wecantwinthecase. Unl

25、ess 5._ there is a fire(万一发生火灾), what will we do first?6._ our manager objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.7. _(只要你不灰心)，you will succeed.In case Unless As/So long as you dont lose heart(一) _引导的状语从句，主句中不能用连词_，但可与_等副词连用 。 (二) even if/ even though 意为_,引导的状语从句 可以用_语气 I dont

26、 believe weve met before, _ I must say you do look familiar. though/ althoughthough, althoughbutyet, still即使虚拟7.让步状语从句 Read and translate:1) Ill try it, even if I may fail.2) Even if I were starving, I wouldnt ask a favour of him.请用as 倒装从句翻译下列句子1._(尽管她很忙), she studies English very hard. 2._ （尽管他是一名大

27、夫）, he knows medicine no better than I. 3. _ (尽管我很钦佩他) as a writer, I do not like him as a man. 4. _(即使你尝试), you wont manage it. Busy as she isDoctor as he isMuch as I admire himTry as you may(三)_引导的让步状语从句必须_：把从句中的_、_或_置于句首。 (注意：名词前不加_,形容词或副词前不要very)。as倒装表语状语谓语动词冠词_all of them are strong candidates,

28、 only one will be chosen for the post. _ I always felt that I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. A. WhileB. OnceC. If D. SinceWhile (四)_A(四) While 用于句首, “虽然” “尽管”(五) _表示_ 这事我得干，不管你喜不喜欢。I will do it, whether you like it or not. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, ha

29、ve been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. whetherwhether or“不管还是”or(六)_与 “no matter +疑问词”引导让步状语从句，表示_1. _ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. However a serious problem What a serious problemC. However serious a problem D. What serious a probl

30、emC. However serious a problem 疑问词+everTranslate:不管你是谁，都必须遵守规定。Whoever you are (No matter who you are), you must obey the rules.“不管；无论”3. It was a nice meal, _ a little expensive. 1.Theypromisedtodevelopasoftwarepackagebytheendofthisyear,_theymighthave. (无论可能有什么困难)whatever/no matter whatdifficulty高考链接：as/ thoughthough/although4. _ volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at