Unit2~3宾语从句

1、Unit 23 宾语从句Warming upI want to be a teacher.What did she say?She saidshe wanted to be a teacher.“I want to be a teacher.”She saidshe wanted to be a teacher.Im going to do my homework.What did he say?He said he was going to do his homework.“I am going to do my homework.”He saidhe was going to do his

2、 homework.We can fly!What did they say?They said (that) they could fly.I am hard-working.She said she was hard-working.I am running.She said she was running.We are swimming.They said they were swimming.I am playing the trumpet.He said he was playing the trumpet.I can fly in the sky.She said she coul

3、d fly in the sky.I like to draw pictures.He said I want to sing.She said He is funny.They said He is smart.She said He has a cold.She said Tom is swimming in the sea.Ben said 直接引语和间接引语(一) 直接引语和间接引语的定义直接引述别人的原话, 叫做直接引语; 用自己话转述别人的话, 叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内, 间接引语则不用引号。Grammar focusEg: She said,

4、“ I am tired.” （直接引语）She said (that) she was tired. （间接引语）（二）直接引语改间接引语1. 直接引语改为间接引语时, 要将引语部分变成宾语从句外, 从句应该保持陈述句语序。Eg: She said that he could play the piano.He asked where he would go tomorrow.2.直接引语改为间接引语时,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。（1）人称的变化I am hard-working every day.He said he was hard-wor

5、king every day.（2）代词的变化This is my guitar.He said that was his guitar.（3）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化。1. He said, “These books are mine.” He said that those books were his. 2. She said,” I am doing my homework now.She said that she was doing her homework then.3. I said,” I will come here tomorr

6、ow.”I said that I would go there tomorrow.时间状语直接引语间接引语nowthentodaythat daythis week (month)that week (month）yesterdaythe day beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforelast week (year)the week (year) beforethree days agothree days beforetomorrowthe next daythe day after tomorrowtwo days laternext

7、week (year)the next week (year)直接引语间接引语地点状语herethere指示代词thisthatthesethose动词comego（4）时态的变化I dont like cleaning the room.-He said he didnt like cleaning the room.She said:” I am going to Shantou.”-She said that she was going to Shantou.They said:” We will visit our teacher.”-They said that they would

8、 visit their teacher.1）主句是一般现在时当间接引语的主句是一般现在时，后面的宾语从句可以根据实际情况用不同的时态。Eg: He says that he will visit Shanghai one day.She tells that Tom didnt finish his homework on time yesterday.2）主句是一般过去式直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响。当间接引语的主句是一般过去式，后面的宾语从句应该用相应的过去时态（一般过去式、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时等），即在原来从句的时态的基础上，在时间

9、上向前推一个时态。间接引语直接引语一般现在时一般过去式现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去式过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）一般将来时过去将来时cancouldmaymightEg: She said, “ I am a student.” - She said she was a student.He said: “ I am doing my homework now. ” - He said he was doing his homework then.They said : “ We will take part in the match next week.” -

10、They said they would take part in the match the next week.Lucy said: “ I finished the work.” - Lucy said she had finished the work.3）间接引语表示客观真理的情况当间接引语转述的是客观真理或是为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，无论主句是什么时态，宾语从句（间接引语）都应该用一般现在时。Eg: He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.” - He said that light travels much

11、 faster than sound.His mother said to me, “ He is a good boy.” - His mother said to me that he is a good boy.1）陈述句的间接引语引导词陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,通常由that引导,可以省略。 “I want the blue one.” he told us. He told us that he wanted the blue one.（5）间接引语（宾语从句）的引导词She said to me, “You cant settle anything now.” She told

12、me that I couldnt settle anything then. 2） 疑问句的间接引语引导词 直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述句语序。 引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know, inquire。间接疑问句一般有三种： 一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时, 由whether或if 引导，中文意思是 “是否”。 “Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai特殊疑问句由直接引语变

13、为间接引语时, 仍由原来的疑问词引导。 Eg: “Which room do you live in?” He asked me which room I lived in. “What do you think of the film?” She asked. She asked her friend what she thought of the film. 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时, 由whether/if or引导。如： eg: “Is it your bike or Toms? Mum asked. Mum asked whether/if it was my bike o

14、r Toms.“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked.Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.3） 祈使句的间接引语 当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell, ask, order, beg, request, order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。 eg: Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.” Jack asked Ma

15、ry to go to his house the next day. The teacher said to the students, “Dont talk.” The teacher told the students not to talk. 1. Tony said, “I can play the violin.” Tony said _2. Tanya said, “Carol is studying Japanese.” Tanya said_3. They said, “Were going to Sams house.” They said_he could play th

16、e violin.Carol was studying Japanese.they were going to Sams house.直接引语变为间接引语4. Susan said, “Im very hungry.” Susan said_5. She said,”You can do better in science.” She said_6. He said, “I have to get up early.” He said_7. They said, “We will go to the beach tomorrow.” They said_ _she was very hungr

17、y.I could do better in science.he had to get up early.they would go to the beach tomorrow.Tom says, “ I am late for class.” Tom said _ _ late for class.2. Amy says, “ I am going to have a party for you .” Amy said _ _ going to have a party for me .3. The boy says,“ I will go home after school.” The

18、boy said _ _ go home after school.4. Jack says, “My father is a doctor.” Jack said _ father _ a doctor.5. The girl says, “I can speak English.” The girl said she _ speak English.Exercises:he wasshe washe wouldhis was could1. “Li Lei is reading a book,” Peter said to LucyPeter told Lucy that Li Lei w

19、as reading a book. Exercises2. “We will have a football match ,”he told his mother.3. “They go to school everyday except Saturday and Sunday ,”the boy said.The boy said they went to school everyday except Saturday and Sunday.He told his mother they would have a football match tomorrow.4. Cousin Sue

20、said, “Im sorry I didnt have time to come over and visit last Saturday.” Cousin Sue said she was sorry she hadnt had time to come over and visit the previous Saturday.【运用】完成下列直接引语和间接引语的转换练习, 每空一词。1. Lily said, “Ill go shopping with my mother.”Lily said (that) _ _ go shopping with _ mother.she wouldh

21、er2. She asked me if I was interested in computer games. She asked, “_ _ interested in computer games?”3. Mr King said to Lucy, “Please open the window.”Mr King _ Lucy _ _ the window.to openAre youtoldI play sports every day.Lets play a memory game!What did he/she say?I work very hard.Im very friend

22、ly.Im very funny.I can sing very well.I like to play basketball a lot. Oral practiceYou are hard-workingMy teacher said I was hard-working.You are good at English.My teacher said I was good at English.You can do better in math.My teacher said I could do better in math.You are lazy.My teacher said I

23、was lazy.练习坊1. math teacher, could, said, I, my, better, do My math teacher said I could do better. 2. my party, would, Lily, she, on, night, said, come, Friday, to Lily said she would come to my party on Friday night. Exercise 连词成句3. Thailand, next summer holiday, she, Denis, visit, told, would, me Denis told me she would visit Thailand next summer holiday.4. hard-working, I, the, was, English,