《诗经》英文简介PPT

1、The Book of Songs诗经简介桃之夭夭，灼灼其华。之子于归， 宜其室家。诗经周南桃夭OUTLINEOrigin IntroductionStyleInfluenceOriginZhou Dynasty (1111-249B.C.)Zhou Dynasty: history of over 800 yearsGenerally believed that agriculture began and developed in the Zhou DynastyThe Book of Songs : a lot about farming activities; sacrificial o

2、fferings in farming.The Book of Songs : closely related to ancient musical activities and dancing.Some take the Book of Songs as the first written music book of ancient China.The more ancient a poem in the Book of Songs is, the closer relation between it and official/ sacrificial（祭祀） music. Later po

3、ems of the Book of Songs are folk songs.After 5th century B.C., the original music scores（乐谱） were completely lost.OriginZhou Dynasty (1111-249B.C.)The book later became one of the six classics of the Confucian school(儒学).The fountainhead(源头)of Chinese literature.Poems are dated from 12th century to

4、 7th century B.C.Many of their stylistic qualities go under modification until the time of Confucius (in late Zhou Dynasty).OriginZhou Dynasty (1111-249B.C.)IntroductionThe Book of Songs：divided into 3 sectionsFolk Songs 风Odes 雅 (divided into Greater Odes & Lesser Odes)Hymns 颂IntroductionFolk Songs

5、Songs NO. 1-160.Contains 15 groups of songs with folk features, from 15 geographical areas(地理区域）.Rich in content, dealing with labor, love affairs, marriage, hardships of the unprivileged(弱势群体）, and protests against tyranny(暴政) and war.In total 105 poems, NO.161-265.Some poems overlap with the Folk

6、Song in folk attributes, and others composed for banquets and feasts(宴会和节日).2 kinds: Greater Odes大雅, Lesser Odes小雅.IntroductionOdes No. 266-305It is divided into the Zhou hymns (周颂), Lu hymns (鲁颂), and Shang hymns (商颂), i.e., hymns from different dynasties (王朝), and the home state of Confucius.Most

7、of these are formal, ritual hymns that praise the ancestors envisioned (展望), in the rites (仪式).IntroductionHymns The subject matter of the poems varies greatly from one section to another.While in the presentation of theme the tone may be positive or censuring, the later editor of the book, Confuciu

8、s (孔子), commented that the poems could be described as “Having no depraved thoughts(思无邪)”.Introduction In general, straightforward and natural.Typical of ancient literature: the immediacy (直接反映) of imagery and persuasive musical quality.The poems are rich in metaphors (隐喻) and similes (明喻), both dir

9、ect (兴) and indirect(比), as well as narrative displays (赋).Style of the Book of Songs The majority of the poems were composed spontaneously(自发地) before specific audiences.Poems: no title, usually the first two Chinese characters will be used as the title.Poets: anonymous (匿名的) except three.Style of

10、the Book of Songs The Book of Songs: Guan Ju(关雎)The most famous and well-known poem in Shijing.The Ode celebrates the virtue of the bride of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty(周文王).His name in Chinese is literally synonymous with “culture” (文) or “civilization.” He is remembered for his piety towards the gods

11、 and ancestors, and his concern for the well-being of the people.诗经南周关雎关关雎鸠，在河之洲。窈窕淑女，君子好逑。参差荇菜，左右流之。窈窕淑女，寤寐求之。求之不得，寤寐思服。悠哉悠哉，辗转反侧。参差荇菜，左右采之。窈窕淑女，琴瑟友之。参差荇菜，左右芼之。窈窕淑女，钟鼓乐之。The Book of Songs: Guan Ju(关雎)Book of Songs: “Rats” Strong criticism of the situation at that time.Being a farmer, one has to work very hard for survival but officials are like big rats eating their production.诗经魏风硕鼠硕鼠硕鼠，无食我黍！三岁贯女，莫我肯顾。逝将去女，适彼乐土。乐土乐土，爰得我所。硕鼠硕鼠，勿食我麦！三岁贯女，莫我肯德。逝将去女，适彼乐国。乐国乐国，爰得我直。硕鼠硕鼠，勿食我苗！三岁贯女，莫我肯劳。逝将去女，适彼乐郊。乐郊乐郊，谁之永号？The Book of Songs: “Rats” The Book of Songs occupies an important place in