国际交流英语视听说B4U6(外研社)

1、Unit 6 6Health and FitnessBook 4Think and DiscussViewing the WorldExploring the ThemeAnalytical ListeningSharing Your IdeasEngagingFurther ListeningContentThink and DiscussUnit 6 Health and FitnessThink and DiscussQuestionsWithout a rope, a rock climber climbs up a wall in Yosemite National Park in

2、the United States.1. Think of activities such as rock climbing that require extreme fitness. How do people prepare to do these activities?2. What can you do to cheer yourself up when you feel sad or are facing a stressful situation?Think and DiscussExample AnswersTo prepare for activities such as ro

3、ck climbing, people train and eat only nutritious foods. Training can include strength training such as weight lifting, cardio training such as hiking and running, and actual practice with the activity itself gradually increasing the duration and difficulty level. Questions1. Think of activities suc

4、h as rock climbing that require extreme fitness. How do people prepare to do these activities?Think and DiscussExample AnswersWhen Im sad or facing a stressful situation, I can talk to a friend or family member about my feelings. I can also take care of myself by eating good food and getting enough

5、sleep. Exercise and meditation are also good ways to relax and improve my mood.Questions2. What can you do to cheer yourself up when you feel sad or are facing a stressful situation?Exploring the ThemeUnit 6 Health and FitnessExploring the ThemeHealth and FitnessGeorgia Tech Research Institute: a no

6、n-profit research institute in Georgia which aims to solve tough problems for government and industry 佐治亚技术研究所Exploring the ThemeA | Look at the photos and read the captions. Then discuss the questions. This steel room at Georgia Tech Research Institute is used to measure indoor air pollution that c

7、an affect our health. Small amounts of dangerous chemicals can be released from surprising sources including desks, electronics, and clothing.Health and FitnessExploring the ThemeA warning sign tells people to stay away from a building in Zambia where the government stores DDT. The chemical can be d

8、eadly if mishandled, but it can also be used to kill dangerous bugs.Health and FitnessExploring the ThemeRock climbing is more popular than ever before. These rock climbers stop on the side of a mountain as they take a break from their climbing.Health and FitnessExploring the ThemeA man is doing yog

9、a on Wharaiki Beach in New Zealand.Health and FitnessExploring the ThemeDiscuss the questions.1. What is the steel room used for?2. How can chemicals such as DDT affect your health?3. Where is it possible to go rock climbing? What kinds of equipment would you need?4. Have you ever tried yoga? What a

10、re the health benefits of practicing yoga regularly?Health and FitnessExploring the ThemeExample AnswersThe steel room is used to measure indoor air pollution.Health and Fitness1. What is the steel room used for?Exploring the ThemeHealth and Fitness2. How can chemicals such as DDT affect your health

11、?Example AnswersChemicals could have negative effects such as causing illness. However, chemicals could also be used to help control diseases such as malaria. Exploring the ThemeExample AnswersPeople can go rock climbing anywhere there are mountains or rocky bluffs. Some rock climbers such as the ma

12、n in the picture on page 81 do not use special equipment. Other climbers use lot of special equipment including climbing ropes, harnesses, gloves, chalk (to keep your hands dry when climbing), carabiners (to connect your harness to anchors on the rock face), and more.Health and Fitness3. Where is it

13、 possible to go rock climbing? What kinds of equipment would you need?Exploring the ThemeExample Answers Yes, I have tried yoga. No, I have not tried yoga. The health benefits of yoga include increasing ones balance, strength, and flexibility, as well as learning to relax and handle stress in a heal

14、thy way. Health and Fitness4. Have you ever tried yoga? What are the health benefits of practicing yoga regularly?Analytical ListeningUnit 6 Health and FitnessAnalytical ListeningListening 1 seminar n. 专题研讨会pesticide n. 杀虫剂flame-retardant n. 阻燃剂 a. 阻燃的lead n. 铅chip v. 掉碎片flake v. 成片（剥落）swordfish n.

15、剑鱼mercury n. 汞，水银pollutant n. 污染物persist v. 继续存在power plant n. 发电厂in moderation （饮酒或吸烟等）有节制地，适度地text v. 发短信radiation n. 辐射物；放射物headset n. （带有麦克风的）耳机Analytical ListeningListening 1 Critical Thinking FocusAsking Questions for Further ResearchWhen we read or hear about a new topic, we may want more inf

16、ormation or want to learn about another point of view. When we want to do further research on a topic, we can ask these questions.What additional information would I like to know?What other sources might have information about this topic?Later, we can do research to answer our own questions.Analytic

17、al ListeningPredicting Content. With a partner, look at the photo and read the caption. Then discuss the questions below. Listening 1 Household products such as detergents ( 洗涤剂) and perfumes can contain dangerous chemicals. Scientists test this mans reactions to different chemicals by spraying them

18、 into the box around his head.Analytical ListeningPredicting Content. Listening 1 1. How do you think chemicals in household products affect a persons health?2. What dangers in food or the environment could affect a persons health?Analytical ListeningListening 1 Example AnswersChemicals in household

19、 products might cause allergic reactions, skin conditions, and over time, perhaps more serious diseases. 1. How do you think chemicals in household products affect a persons health?Analytical ListeningListening 1 Example AnswersDangers in food or the environment that could affect a persons health in

20、clude chemicals used to purify drinking water, chemicals released into the air and water by manufacturers, artificial colors or flavors in foods and drinks, and pollution from burning fuel used in cooking and heating, etc. 2. What dangers in food or the environment could affect a persons health?Anal

21、ytical ListeningA | Listening for Main Ideas. Read the questions and answer choices. Then listen to a question and answer session that followed a lecture on health and choose the correct answers.A Question and Answer SessionListening 1 1. How dangerous are PBDEs to human health?a. Small amounts caus

22、e health problems mostly in children.b. Small amounts probably do not cause any serious health problems.c. Small amounts are linked to several serious diseases in adults.b Analytical ListeningA | Listening for Main Ideas. Listening 1 2. How dangerous is lead paint to human health?a. It is a threat t

23、o the health of children.b. It is not a serious health risk for humans.c. It is mainly a problem for people who are sick.a Analytical ListeningA | Listening for Main Ideas. Listening 1 3. How much swordfish and tuna does Dr. Wallace think is OK to eat?a. He recommends eating no swordfish or tuna at

24、all.b. He recommends eating swordfish and tuna in moderation only.c. He recommends eating as much swordfish and tuna as you want.b Analytical ListeningA | Listening for Main Ideas. Listening 1 4. Which statement is true about the danger of cellphone radiation?a. Cell-phone radiation has caused cance

25、r in people and rats.b. Cell-phone radiation is not a threat to human health.c. Different studies have come to different conclusions about cell-phone radiation.c Analytical ListeningB | Note-Taking. Listen again and complete the outline with information from the question and answer session. I. PBDEs

26、 1. Impact on health: High amounts can cause health problems in _ 2. Dr. W. suggests: For small amounts in humans, _II. Lead paint 1. Impact on health: Small amounts of it can cause _ 2. Dr. W. suggests: _ _Listening 1 laboratory animalsdont worry about thembrain damage in children Make sure paint i

27、s not chipping; move to a new homeAnalytical ListeningIII. Mercury 1. Impact on health: Permanent damage to _ _ 2. Dr. W. suggests: Eat fish _IV. Cell phones 1. Impact on health: Driving and using a cell phone can lead to _ 2. Radiation from cell phones _ _ 3. Dr. W. suggests: _ _ _Listening 1 memor

28、y and ability to learnin moderationaccidentshas caused brain cancer in rats Turn off cell phones while driving; dont send text messages while driving; use a headsetAnalytical ListeningListening 1 A | Discussion. Form a group with another pair of students. Look at the photo and read the information.

29、Then discuss the questions below. David Ewing Duncan had tests to find out what chemicals were in his body. He found out that he was carrying many compounds, including 16 types of pesticides. The compounds come from foods, drinks, and even frying pans.Analytical ListeningListening 1 1. If you had a

30、chance to talk to Dr. Wallace, what health-related questions would you ask him?2. Would you like to be tested for chemicals? Why or why not? What types of chemicals do you think scientists would find?3. What are some lifestyle changes you could make to allow fewer chemicals inside your body?Analytic

31、al ListeningListening 1 Example AnswersI would ask Dr. Wallace about the danger of pesticides in our food; the effects of eating genetically-modified (GM) foods; the effects of breathing polluted air; and the risks from eating low-quality oils and fats such as “trans fats”. 1. If you had a chance to

32、 talk to Dr. Wallace, what health-related questions would you ask him?Analytical ListeningListening 1 Example Answer 1I would like to be tested for chemicals because it might encourage me to be more careful about my future exposure to dangerous substances.2. Would you like to be tested for chemicals

33、? Why or why not? What types of chemicals do you think scientists would find?Analytical ListeningListening 1 Example Answer 2I wouldnt like to be tested for chemicals because anything they found would make me worry, and worrying isnt good for my health. If I were tested for chemicals, scientists mig

34、ht find flame-retardants (from carpeting, upholstery fabric, and clothing), pesticides from food, and mercury from eating fish. 2. Would you like to be tested for chemicals? Why or why not? What types of chemicals do you think scientists would find?Analytical ListeningListening 1 Example AnswersI co

35、uld buy more organically grown fruits and vegetables; go outside to exercise very early in the morning before the traffic gets bad; and use natural products for cleaning myself and my house. 3. What are some lifestyle changes you could make to allow fewer chemicals inside your body?Analytical Listen

36、ingListening 1 Critical Thinking Focus Using an Outline to Take Notes Using an outline can help us take organized and clear notes. In an outline, we can indicate main ideas with Roman numerals (I, II, III) and capital letters (A, B, C), and details with Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3).Analytical Listening

37、Announcer: Everyone, I just want to thank Dr. Wallace again for being the first guest speaker in our Healthline series. We hope that this is the first of many seminars about healthy living in todays world.Dr. Wallace: It was my pleasure to be here. Announcer: So, now youve heard what Dr. Wallace has

38、 to say about pesticides and how they relate to our health and the environment. Lets open the floor up for questions. We would appreciate hearing from you. I think we have our first question. Go ahead, sir. Male Speaker 1: OK. Heres my question. Dr. Wallace, I heard that flame-retardants are now tur

39、ning up in the human body. Is this true, and if so, how dangerous are those chemicals?To be continued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningDr. Wallace: All right. Well, flame-retardantswhich are chemicals that make products difficult to burnare added to just about any product that can burn, and they save

40、 hundreds of lives a year in the United States alone. Unfortunately, one family of flame-retardant compounds called PBDEs have been showing up in the blood of humans, but little is known about their impact on our health. In high amounts, they have caused health problems in laboratory animals. Howeve

41、r, it looks as though the small amounts of PBDEs that normally accumulate in the human body arent worth worrying about.Announcer: Thank you, Doctor. We have another question. The woman in the third row. Go ahead. To be continued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningFemale Speaker 1: Hi, Dr. Wallace. Im a

42、 mother of two young children, and I recently moved into anew apartment. I just found out that the walls are painted with lead paint. What should I do?Dr. Wallace: Well, its known that even very small amounts of lead can cause brain damage in children. If the paint is chipping or flaking, call your

43、landlord. Its his or her responsibility to fix the problem. Another good option is to move, but if you cant, at least make sure that your children arent exposed to paint chips or dust.Announcer: That sounds like good advice. Lets take another question. OK, go ahead.To be continued Listening 1 Analyt

44、ical ListeningMale Speaker 2: Hello, Doctor. I eat a lot of seafoodespecially swordfish and tuna. Is there any danger to me from mercury in those fish?Dr. Wallace: Mercury is a very dangerous pollutant which persists for a long time in the environment. It needs to be taken seriously because mercury

45、poisoning can permanently damage memory and our ability to learn. Coal-burning power plants are a major source of mercury. It gets into the water and into the bodies of the smallest animals first. These small animals are eaten by larger ones, which are then eaten by even larger ones, and so on up th

46、e food chain. To be continued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningDr. Wallace: Large fish at the top of the food chain, such as tuna and swordfish, accumulate high amounts of mercuryand pass it on to people who eat seafood. Now, it doesnt appear that traces of mercury in the blood are a serious problem,

47、 but I could be wrong. Eating too much of those fish could raise the amount of mercury in your body to a dangerous level, so I would advise you to eat them in moderationmeaning a reasonable amount.Announcer: Well, it looks like we have time for one more question. The lady in the red shirt. Go ahead.

48、 Female Speaker 2: Hello and thanks for taking my question. What Im concerned about is my constant cell-phone use. Could it have a negative impact on my health?To be continued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningDr. Wallace: Thats an interesting question and one Im sure many are concerned about. One com

49、mon concern is the danger of driving and using a cell phone at the same time. Cell phones take our attention off the road, and that can lead to accidents. The solution to that problem is simple: turn off your cell phone while driving, and dont ever text message while driving. Another concern has to

50、do with radiation. For those of you who arent familiar with thisradiation is energy that certain machines and some substances produce. Large amounts of radiation can be dangerous. Cell phones send information using radiation, so naturally were exposed to that radiation when we use our phone. To be c

51、ontinued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningDr. Wallace: Cell-phone radiation has caused brain cancer in rats, but its danger to humans is difficult to assess. Some studies have indicated that cell phones are safe, but some other studies seem to link cell-phone radiation with brain cancer in humans, es

52、pecially in people who have been using cell phones for a decade or longer. Im not altogether sure that you can eliminate radiation exposure from cell phones, but people who are concerned about it can reduce the risk by using a headset. This keeps the phone away from your head and exposes you to less

53、 radiation.Announcer: Im afraid thats all the time we have. Thanks very much, Dr. Wallace, for the information and advice. Well see you all at next months seminar about organic foods.Listening 1 Analytical ListeningListening 2 boulder n. 大圆石bouldering n. 抱石（新兴的攀岩运动之一，与传统攀爬形式不同，其高度往往只在四至六米之间，无须携带复杂的保

54、护装备）free solo climbing n. 无保护攀岩thrill n. 引起激动的事物Analytical ListeningListening 2 American Journal of Preventive Medicine: a scientific journal in the U.S. It is the official peer-reviewed journal for the American College of Preventive Medicine. It focuses on articles about preventing diseases, injuri

55、es, and other health problems. 美国预防医学杂志Analytical ListeningListening 2 Student to StudentShowing UnderstandingIn a conversation, we sometimes want to show the other person that we understand or sympathize with him or her. Here are some expressions to show that we understand someones feelings or situ

56、ation.You must be (tired).You must have been (glad).That must be (fun).That must have been (difficult).Analytical ListeningListening 2 A rock climber uses a thin rope to cross over Yosemite Falls.Analytical ListeningPrior Knowledge. Discuss the questions with a partner.Listening 2 1. Would you like

57、to try rock climbing? Why or why not? If you have gone rock climbing before, describe your experience.2. What are some of the dangers of rock climbing?3. What kind of equipment do rock climbers use?Analytical Listening Example Answer 1 I would like to try rock climbing because I enjoy physical chall

58、enges and taking risks.Listening 2 1. Would you like to try rock climbing? Why or why not? If you have gone rock climbing before, describe your experience.Analytical ListeningExample Answer 2I wouldnt like to try rock climbing because Im afraid of heights. I went rock climbing once. It was frighteni

59、ng, but when I got to the top, I felt exhilarated, and the view was fantastic. Listening 2 1. Would you like to try rock climbing? Why or why not? If you have gone rock climbing before, describe your experience.Analytical ListeningExample AnswersThe main danger of rock climbing is falling and dying.

60、 Dangers that are more minor include the risk of broken bones or strained muscles.Listening 2 2. What are some of the dangers of rock climbing?Analytical ListeningExample AnswersUsually climbers use lot of special equipment including ropes, helmets, harnesses, and tools which they hammer into the ro