中英文合同翻译

1、英文合同翻译2007年02月27日 星期二 12:05 引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。一.hereby英文释义:by means of , by&#

2、160;reason of this中文译词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语；在条款中需要强调时也可用。语法：一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.例1：The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works

3、60;and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the&#

4、160;manner prescribed by the Contract.参考译文:业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。注释:(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,、条约; n. legal ag

5、reement具有法律约束的正式合同(3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中(5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)such.as: 关系代词,相当于that, which(7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisions of the&

6、#160;Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款例2：We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available

7、0;information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof upon your request.注释：（1）hereby：特此（2）to the best of our knowledge：as far as we&

8、#160;know据我们所知（3）foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述声明（4）herein：in this, in the statement在声明中（5）documentary proof：证明文件参考译文：特此证明，据我们所知，上述声明内容真实，正确无误，并提供了全部现有的资料和数据，我们同意，应贵方要求出具证明文件。例3：This Contract is hereby made and conclud

9、ed by and between     Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and     Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B) on     (Date), in 

10、    (Place), China, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation.注释：（1）hereby：特此（2）hereinafter referred to as Party A：以下称甲方（3）on the principle&

11、#160;of equality and mutual benefit：在平等互利基础上（4）through amicable consultation：通过友好协商参考译文：本合同双方，     公司（以下称甲方）与     公司（以下称乙方），在平等互利基础上，通过友好协商，于     年     月   

12、;  日在中国     （地点），特签订本合同。例4：This agreement is hereby made and entered into on     (Date), by and between     Co. China (hereinafter referred 

13、to as Party A) and     Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B).注释：（1）this agreement is hereby made and entered into：特此订立本协议在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下4个动词：sign (make, conclude or

14、0;enter into) this agreement, 按照同义词连用的写作特点，可用上述4个动词中的两个来表示）。（2）hereinafter referred to as Party B：以下简称乙方参考译文：本协议特由中国     公司（以下简称甲方）与     公司（以下简称乙方）于   年     月 &

15、#160;   日订立。十七 provided that释义: 但规定，规定；但是用法: 常用于在合同的某一条款中需要作进一步规定时，或在作规定时语气上表示转折时。在中译英时，要注意该词组的使用。有时从中文上看，尽管没有“但规定”，“进一步规定”的词语，但英文写作时，应加上“provided that”。参见例4，在中译英时，尽管中文中没有“但规定如果”，但根据上下文可看出在同一条款中包含了两个规定，后一句为对前一句的进一步规定，因此英文应加上“provided that if”。例1An irrevocable credit shall be deemed to

16、 constitute a definite undertaking of the issuing bank. Provided that if the stipulated documents are presented and are complied with the terms, conditions and provisions of the credit, and if the credit provides for sight payment, the payment shall be made or shall be guaranteed to be made.注释：（1）an

17、 irrevocable credit：不可撤销信用证（2）shall be deemed to constitute a definite undertaking of the issuing bank：应被认为构成开证行的确定承诺（3）provided that if the stipulated documents are presented and are complied with the terms, conditions and provisions of the credit：（但规定，）在提交了规定的单据并符合了信用证条款时（4）the credit provides for

18、 sight payment：即期付款信用证（5）the payment shall be made or shall be guaranteed to be made：则进行付款或保证该款的照付参考译文：不可撤销信用证，应被认为构成开证行的确定承诺。在提交了规定的单据并符合了信用证条款时，如系即期付款信用证，则进行付款或保证该款的照付。例2When an issuing bank authorizes or requests another bank to confirm its irrevocable credit and the latter has added its confirma

19、tion, such confirmation constitutes a definite undertaking of such bank (the confirming bank), in addition to that of the issuing bank. Provided that if the stipulated documents are presented and comply with the terms, conditions and provisions of the credit, and if the credit provides for sight pay

20、ment, the payment will be made or shall be guaranteed to be made. 注释：（1）issuing bank：开证行（2）the latter has added its confirmation：后者已照加保兑（3）the confirming bank：保兑行（4）provided that if the stipulated documents are presented and comply with the terms, conditions and provisions of the credit：（但规定，）在

21、提交了规定的单据并符合了信用证条款时参考译文：当开证行授权或要求另一银行保兑其不可撤销信用证，而后者已照加保兑时，该保兑构成该银行（保兑行）在开证行承诺以外的确定承诺。在提交了规定的单据并符合了信用证条款时，如系即期付款信用证，则进行付款或保证该款的照付。例3A wholly state-owned company has no shareholders meetings. The companys board of directors shall be authorized by the state-authorized investment institution or the state

22、-authorized department to exercise part of the powers of the shareholders meetings, and to decide on the major issues of the company. Provided that if the decisions on merger, division, dissolution of the company, increase or decrease in capital and issue of corporate bonds shall be made and decided

23、, the decisions in question shall be made by the state-authorized investment institution or the state-authorized department 注释：（1）wholly state-owned company：国有独资公司（2）has no shareholders meetings：不设股东会（3）companys board of directors：公司董事会（4）major issues of the company：公司的重大事项（5）provided that if t

24、he decisions on merger, division, dissolution of the company, increase or decrease in capital and issue of corporate bonds：但关于公司的合并、分立、解散、增减资本和发行公司债券的决定（6）the state-authorized investment institution or the state-authorized department：国家授权投资的机构或者国家授权的部门参考译文：国有独资公司不设股东会，由国家授权投资的机构或者国家授权的部门，授权公司董事会行使股东

25、会的部分职权，决定公司的重大事项，但公司的合并、分立、解散、增减资本和发行公司债券，必须由国家授权投资的机构或者国家授权的部门决定。 集资料，整理出来的打印版，源于本英文写作书籍，供大家参考。.hereby英文释义:by means of , by reason of this中文译词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语；在条款中需要强调时也可用。语法：般置于主语后,紧邻主语.例1：The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution

26、and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.参考译文:业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。注释:

27、(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同(3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中(5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)such.as: 关系代词,相当于that, which(7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisions of the C

28、ontract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款例2：We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof upon your request.注释：（1）hereby：特此（2）to

29、the best of our knowledge：as far as we know据咱们所知（3）foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述声明（4）herein：in this, in the statement在声明中（5）documentary proof：证明文件参考译文：特此证明，据咱们所知，上述声明内容真实，正确无误，并提供了全部现有的资料与数据，咱们同意，应贵方要求出具证明文件。例3：This Contract is hereby made and concluded by and between  &#

30、160;  Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and     Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B) on     (Date), in     (Place), China, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation.注释：（1）hereby：特此（2）h

31、ereinafter referred to as Party A：以下称甲方（3）on the principle of equality and mutual benefit：在平等互利基础上（4）through amicable consultation：通过友好协商参考译文：本合同双方，     公司（以下称甲方）与     公司（以下称乙方），在平等互利基础上，通过友好协商，于     年     月  &

32、#160;  曰在中国     （地点），特签订本合同。例4：This agreement is hereby made and entered into on     (Date), by and between     Co. China (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and     Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B).注释：（1）t

33、his agreement is hereby made and entered into：特此订立本协议在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下4个动词：sign (make, conclude or enter into) this agreement, 按照同义词连用的写作特点，可用上述4个动词中的两个来表示）。（2）hereinafter referred to as Party B：以下简称乙方参考译文：本协议特由中国     公司（以下简称甲方）与     公司（以下简称乙方）于  

34、年     月     曰订立。二   hereof英文释义: of this中文译词:关于此点；在本文件中用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的”时，使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时，可以讲“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof”，这里hereof表示“of this Contract”；又如表示本工程的任何部分，可用“any parts hereof”，这里hereof表示“of this Works”。语法：般置于要修饰的名词的后

35、面，与之紧邻。hereof与thereof的区别：hereof强调“of this”。例如，上面的“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof”中的thereof表示of the Contract；“any parts thereof”中的thereof表示of the Works。例1Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and nigh

36、t, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), supply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.注释：（1） Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to

37、this Clause or not：不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反，whether or not：不论是否（2） the owner of the goods：货方（3） without interruption：无间断地（4） carrier：承运人（5） in default on the provisions hereof：违反本款规定 hereof：of this Clause参考译文：不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反，货方都应昼夜地，包括星期曰与假曰（如承运人需要），无间断地提供与提取货物。货方对违反本款规定所引起的所有损失或损坏，包括滞期应负担赔偿责任。例2Foreign trad

38、e dealers as mentioned in this Law shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, cover such legal entities and other organization as are engaged in foreign trade dealings.注释：（1） foreign trade dealers：对外贸易经营者（2） as mentioned in this Law：本法所称（3） the provisions hereof：the provisions of this Law 本法规定

39、（4） legal entity：法人（5） be engaged in foreign trade dealings：从事对外贸易经营活动参考译文：本法所称对外贸易经营者，是指依照本法规定从事对外贸易经营活动的法人与其他组织。例3The establishment of a limited liability company or a company limited by shares shall comply with the conditions and provisions of this Law. A company complying with the conditions and

40、 provisions hereof may be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares. Provided that if a company fails to comply with the conditions and provisions hereof, the company in question shall not be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares.注释：（

41、1）a limited liability company：有限责任公司（2）a company limited by shares：股份有限公司（3）provisions hereof：本法规定 hereof: of this Law（4）may be registered as：登记为参考译文：设立有限责任公司、股份有限公司，必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本法规定的条件的，登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司；不符合本法规定的条件的，不得登记为有限责任公司或股份有限公司。例4If, as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons, an arbit

42、rator fails to perform his duties as an arbitrator, another arbitrator shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, be selected or appointed.注释：（1） as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons：回避或者其它原因（2） arbitrator：仲裁员（3） the provisions hereof：the provisions of this Law 本法规定（4） be selected or

43、 appointed：选定或指定参考译文：仲裁员因回避或者其它原因不能履行职责的，应当依照本法规定重新选定或指定仲裁员。例5In the event of conflict between the provisions on arbitration formulated and prepared prior to the effective date of this Law and the provisions of this Law, the provisions hereof shall prevail.注释：（1） conflict：相抵触（2） prior to the effecti

44、ve date of this Law：本法施行前（3） the provisions hereof shall prevail：以本法为准 hereof：of this Law参考译文：本法施行前制定的有关仲裁的规定与本法的规定相抵触的，以本法为准。例6Where, in accordance with laws, the circumstance(s) specified in Article 15 and Article 16 of this Law is /are confirmed, the organization with compensatory obligations sha

45、ll pay compensation in any of the circumstance in question.Where the claimant for compensation demands the confirmation of one of the circumstances specified in Article 15 and Article 16 hereof, and the demanded organization refuses to make the confirmation, the claimant shall have the right to lodg

46、e a complaint. Where the claimant claims compensation, the claim, shall, first, be lodged to the organization for compensatory obligations.The provisions of Article 10, Article 11 and Article 12 hereof shall apply to/ in the procedures of compensation.注释：（1） the organization with compensatory obliga

47、tions：赔偿义务机关（2） shall pay compensation：应当给予赔偿（3） the claimant for compensation：赔偿请求人（4） Article 15 and Article 16 hereof：本法第十五条、第十六条 hereof：of this Law（5） shall have the right to lodge a complaint：有权申诉（6） claims compensation：要求赔偿（7） apply to/ in：适用 More Examples: The comment applies equally here. /T

48、hat argument does not apply in this case. /That applies to at least nine-tenths of the people we see about. /These remarks apply to every town in this kingdom. /The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.参考译文：赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定的情形之的，应当给予赔偿。赔偿请求人要求确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定情形之的，被要求的机关不予确认的，赔偿请求人有权申诉。赔偿

49、请求人要求赔偿，应当先向赔偿义务机关提出。赔偿程序适用本法第十条、第十条、第十二条的规定。例7If an arbitrator involved in one of circumstances specified in Item 4, Article 34 of this Law, and if it is serious, or those specified in Item 6, Article 58 hereof, the arbitrator in question shall, in accordance with the law, bear the legal liability

50、and responsibility. The arbitration commission shall remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators.注释：（1） arbitrator：仲裁员（2） Article 58 hereof：本法第五十八条 hereof：of this Law（3） bear the legal liability and responsibility：承担法律责任（4） the arbitration commission：仲裁委员会（5） remove th

51、e name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators：将其除名参考译文：仲裁员有本法第三十四条第四项规定的情形，情节严重的，或者有本法第五十八条第六项规定的情形的，应当依法承担法律责任，仲裁委员会应当将其除名。例8If, pursuant to this Law, the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals fail to grant approval to such an application as meets the requi

52、rements and provisions hereof, or the company registration authorities fail to register a company whose application meets the requirements hereof, the party in question may, in accordance with laws, apply for reconsideration or bring an administrative suit.注释：（1） the relevant responsible authorities

53、 with the duty of approvals：履行审批职责的有关主管部门（2） meets the requirements and provisions hereof：符合本法条件（3） the company registration authorities：负责公司登记的主管部门（4） the requirements hereof：本法条件 hereof: of this Law（5） apply for reconsideration：申请复议（6） bring an administrative suit：提起行政诉讼参考译文：依照本法，履行审批职责的有关主管部门，对符合

54、本法条件的申请不予批准，或负责公司登记的主管部门不予登记，当事人可以依法申请复议或者提起行政诉讼。例9This Decision shall apply to the crimes committed against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof by the staff and workers of enterprises other than limited liability companies and companies limited by shares.注释：（1） the crimes committed：犯罪行为（2）

55、against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof：犯有本决定第九条、第十条、第十条规定 hereof: of this Decision参考译文：有限责任公司、股份有限公司以外的企业职工有本决定第九条、第十条、第十条规定的犯罪行为的，适用本决定。例10Companies registered and established prior to the effective date of this Law shall, in accordance with Laws, administrative regulations, local regu

56、lations and pursuant to the “Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies” or the “Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares” issued by the relevant responsible department of the State Council, continue to exist.Those companies not completely satisfying the requirements of this Law shall, w

57、ithin the specified time limit, meet the requirements hereof. Specific methods for implementation of this Law will be set out in separate regulations issued by the State Council.注释：（1） companies registered：已登记成立的公司（2） the “Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies”：有限责任公司规范意见（3） the “Standard

58、Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares”：股份有限公司规范意见（4） the relevant responsible department of the State Council国务院有关主管部门（5） in separate regulations issued by the State Council：由国务院另行规定参考译文：本法施行前已登记成立的公司，应依照法律、行政法规、地方性法规与国务院有关主管部门制定的有限责任公司规范意见，与股份有限公司规范意见，继续保留。其中不完全具备本法规定的条件的，应当在规定的期限内达到本法规定的条件。具体实施办法

59、，由国务院另行规定。例11Unfair competition mentioned in this Law refers to acts of such business operators as contravene the provisions hereof, with a result of damaging the lawful rights and interests of other business operators, and disturbing the socio-economic order.注释：（1） unfair competition：不正当竞争（2） busin

60、ess operators：经营者（3） contravene the provisions hereof：违反本法规定 the provisions hereof：本法规定 hereof：of this Law（4） the lawful rights and interests：合法权益（5） disturbing the socio-economic order：扰乱社会经济秩序参考译文：本法所称的不正当竞争，是指经营者违反本法规定，损害其他经营者的合法权益，扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。三 hereto英文释义: to this中文译词:至此，在此上。用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的本文件

61、的”时，使用该词。例如表示“本合同双方”，可以讲“the Parties hereto”，这里hereto表示“to this Contract”；表示“本协议附件4”，可用“Appendix 4 hereto”，这里hereto表示“to this Agreement”。语法：般置于要修饰的名词的后面，与之紧邻。hereto与thereto的区别：同前面所言hereof与thereof的区别类似，hereto强调的是“to this”。例1All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through ami

62、cable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiations, no settlement be reached, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this Commission shall

63、be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission.注释：（1） the performance of this Contract：履行本合同（2） through amicable negotiations：友好协商（3） the Partie

64、s hereto：the Parties to this Contract本合同双方（4） shall then be submitted for arbitration：提交进行仲裁（5） the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing：中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会（北京）（6） the arbitration rules of this Commission：其仲裁规则（7） the award of the arbitration：仲裁裁决（8） unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission：仲裁委员会另有裁定的除外参考译文：对于因履行本合同所发生的切争议，本合同双方应友好