unit 8 section B 2a---self check

1、连词连词是一种连接词与词、短语与短语以及句与是一种连接词与词、短语与短语以及句与句的虚词，句的虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接作用。连接作用。表示结果的连词有：表示结果的连词有：so(所以所以)等等;表示原因的连词有：表示原因的连词有：because, since, as等；等；表示意义转折的连词有：表示意义转折的连词有：but, however, though;not only but also表示递进意义表示递进意义,“不仅不仅而而且且”;表示选择关系的连词有：表示选择关系的连词有：or (或者或者;还是还是);表示两个动作同时进行的连词有：表示两个动作

2、同时进行的连词有：when, while等。等。2aMatch each linking word or phrase with its purpose.express v. 表示，表达表示，表达express v. 表达，表示表达，表示 expression n. 表达表达 ，表示，表情，表示，表情e.g. It expresses my love for the novel. 这表达了我对这部小说的爱。这表达了我对这部小说的爱。 an expression of support 表示支持表示支持Do you know the Stonehenge（巨石（巨石阵）阵）? How much d

3、o you know about it?2bSkim the article below and underline the sentences with linking words or phrases. Do you think you have made correct matches in 2a?Stonehenge-Can Anyone Explain Why It Is There?Stonehenge, a rock circle, is not only one of n. 圆圈圆圈Britains most famous historical places but also大

4、不列颠大不列颠one of its greatest mysteries. Every year it n. 奥秘，神秘事物奥秘，神秘事物receives more than 750,000 visitors. People like to v. 接受，收到接受，收到go to this place especially in June as they want to see the sun rising on the longest day of the year.For many years, historians believed Stonehenge n. 历史学家，历史工作者历史学家

5、，历史工作者was a temple where ancient leaders tried to n. 领导，领袖领导，领袖communicate with the gods. However, historian Paul Stoker thinks this cant be true because Stonehenge was built so many centuries ago. “The leaders arrived in England much later,” he points out.Another popular idea is that Stonehenge mig

6、ht be a kind of calendar. The large stones were put together in a certain way. On midsummers n. 仲夏仲夏morning, the sun shines directly into the center of the stones. Other people believe the stones have a medical purpose. They think the stones can adj. 医疗的医疗的 n. 目的，目标目的，目标prevent illness and keep peop

7、le healthy. “As you v. 阻止，阻挠阻止，阻挠walk there, you can feel the energy from your feet n. 力量力量move up your body,” said one visitor. Stonehenge was built slowly over a long period of n. 时期时期time. Most historians believe it must be almost 5,000 years old. One of the greatest mysteries is how it was built

8、 because the stones are so big and heavy. In 2001, a group of English volunteers tried to build another Stonehenge, but they couldnt . “We dont really know who built Stonehenge,” says Paul Stoker. “And perhaps we might never know, but we do know they must have been hard-workingand great planners!” a

9、dj. 工作努力的工作努力的1. Midsummer day is in June _ a lot of people go to Stonehenge during this month.2. The sun shines straight into the center of Stonehenge _ the stones were put in a special position.2dComplete the sentences using the words from the chart in 2a on page 62.andas以一种特别的位置以一种特别的位置3. Some pe

10、ople think the rocks can _ stop people from becoming ill _ keep them healthy.4. We dont know who built Stonehenge _ how it was built.5. Historians think Stonehenge was built about 5,000 years ago; _, they are not sure.not onlybut alsoandhoweverHow many people visit Stonehenge every year?Who is Paul

11、Stocker?Do people think it hard to build Stonehenge? Why?Read the article again and answer the questions.More than 750,000 visitors.He is a historian.Yes because the stones are so big and heavy.2c 2c Read the article again and complete the chart.Mysteries about Mysteries about StonehengeStonehengel

12、How was it built?l Who built it?What Stonehenge might What Stonehenge might have been used for have been used for l What was it used for? / Why was it built?l as a temple where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the godsl a kind of calendar l have a medical purpose l might be a burial place o

13、r a place to honor ancestors l celebrate a victory over an enemy not only but also 不仅不仅而且而且 not only but also 连接两个并列成分，其连接两个并列成分，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即就近谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。原则。【典例】【典例】Not only the students but also Miss Wang _to the Great Wall. A. has been B. are going C. have been D. have gone注意：注意： no

14、t only . but (also) . 连接两个连接两个 分句分句,当当not only位于句首位于句首, 前一个前一个 分句常用部分倒分句常用部分倒装来表示强调装来表示强调,而而 but (also)后的分句仍用陈述后的分句仍用陈述语序。语序。Not only is this young man clever but he is also hardworking.符合就近原则的连词词组还有符合就近原则的连词词组还有either. or.要么要么.要么要么.neither.nor.既不既不.也不也不.(两者都不两者都不)但是但是both.and. 连接连个主语时，连接连个主语时，谓语动词谓

15、语动词用复数。用复数。This is my twin sister Lucy. Not only she but also I _ good at drawing. A. is B. am C. are解析：解析：not only but also 连接两个主语连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和与其时，谓语动词要和与其最近的主语最近的主语保持人保持人称和数的一致。称和数的一致。B1) 汤姆是我们班最好的学生。他不但学汤姆是我们班最好的学生。他不但学习上严格要求自己习上严格要求自己, 而且乐于帮助别人。而且乐于帮助别人。 Tom is the top student in our class. He

16、_. 2) 他不仅擅长体育，唱歌也不错。他不仅擅长体育，唱歌也不错。He is _ doing well in sports _ good at singing.is not only strict with himself in his study but also ready to help others 完成句子。完成句子。 not only but also2. Every year it receives more than 750,000 visitors.每年它都要吸引每年它都要吸引750000多名游客。多名游客。receive 收到；接受。收到；接受。 在这里是在这里是“接待接

17、待”的意思的意思 She was warmly received. 她受到热情地接待。她受到热情地接待。 receive与与accept的区别的区别receive “收到收到”，通常仅指通常仅指“收到收到”这种这种行为，并没有愿不愿意接受的意思。行为，并没有愿不愿意接受的意思。而而 accept “接受接受”，通常指经过考虑，表示通常指经过考虑，表示自己愿意接受。则表示主观上的接收。自己愿意接受。则表示主观上的接收。 e.g.I received an expensive gift from my friend yesterday, but I did not accept it. 昨天我收到

18、了朋友的一件贵重礼物，昨天我收到了朋友的一件贵重礼物， 但但我并没有接受它。我并没有接受它。 1) She is looking forward to _ a special gift. A. receiving B. receive C. accept D. accepting2)His family are worried about him because they havent _ letters from him for a long time. A. written B. received C. accepted D. collectedAB3) He gave me some f

19、lowers, but I didnt _ them. A. accept B. receive C. accepted A3. For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods.多年来，历史学家相信，巨石阵就是一个古多年来，历史学家相信，巨石阵就是一个古代领导人试图与神交流的代领导人试图与神交流的寺庙。寺庙。where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the

20、gods是是where引导的定语从句，修饰引导的定语从句，修饰名词名词temple。 The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here. 我买这本书的那个书店离这里不远。我买这本书的那个书店离这里不远。 leader n. 领导；领袖；领先的人领导；领袖；领先的人 动词动词 lead (带领带领) + 名词后缀名词后缀-erWe all like a kind leader. 我们都喜欢一个和蔼的领导。我们都喜欢一个和蔼的领导。 用所给单词的正确形式填空。用所给单词的正确形式填空。A lot of people support

21、 the new _ (lead).leader 4. arrive in 到达到达e.g. He arrived in Beijing last night.到达到达1) Did you _ the village last night. A. arrived in B. arrive at C. arrive D. arrived at2) -Can you call me as soon as you _ Shanghai?-Sure . I will do that then. A. arrive B. get C. reach D. takeBC5. point out 指出；指明指

22、出；指明The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework. 老师指出我作业里的许多错误。老师指出我作业里的许多错误。 point to, point at, point out的区别的区别point at所指的对象一般是较所指的对象一般是较近近的人或物体，的人或物体，at强调指的强调指的对象对象；point to所指的对象一般是较所指的对象一般是较远远的人或物体，的人或物体，to强调指的强调指的方向方向。Dont point at the words while you are reading. He pointed to the hou

23、se on the other side of the river and said, “Thats my home.” point out 表示的是给某人指示方向、要点或表示的是给某人指示方向、要点或错误等，意为错误等，意为“指出指出”，out 是副词。是副词。知识链接知识链接【典例】【典例】Dont point _ others with the fingerwhile your are talking. A. of B. inC. at D. forCMr. Wang _ the danger of doing so.A. came out B. pointed outC. worked

24、 out D. gave out老师指出我作业里的许多错误。老师指出我作业里的许多错误。BThe teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework. 15. The large stones were put together in a certain way. 这些大块的石头以某种方式被摆放在一起。这些大块的石头以某种方式被摆放在一起。 in a certain way表示表示“以某种方式以某种方式”，其中，其中 certain表示表示 “某一；某个；某些某一；某个；某些”的意思，的意思，用用 于名词之前。于名词之前。 e.g. The doc

25、tor is only at this hospital on certain days. 那位医生只有在某些日子才在这所医院。那位医生只有在某些日子才在这所医院。4. midsummer n. 仲夏仲夏, 中夏中夏 mid-autumn 中秋中秋 midnight 午夜午夜e.g. It is said that the story happened in the midsummer. 据说故事发生在仲夏。据说故事发生在仲夏。5. medical adj. 医疗的；医学的医疗的；医学的 medicine n. 药药e.g. Other people believe the stones ha

26、ve a medical purpose. 其他人相信石头带有医疗目的。其他人相信石头带有医疗目的。6. prevent v. 阻止；阻挠阻止；阻挠 prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事 =stop sb. from doing e.g. Nothing can prevent us from carrying out the plan. 什么也无法阻挡我们去实施这个计划。什么也无法阻挡我们去实施这个计划。【典例】【典例】My parents always _ me talking with my friends online.nature is to h

27、elp ourselves, or we will be punished.A. want B. prevent C. ask D. allowBTo _ nature is to help ourselves, or we will be punished.A. protect B. prevent C. provide D. pollute句子翻译。句子翻译。 政府已经采取措施禁止酒后开车了。政府已经采取措施禁止酒后开车了。AThe government has already taken action to stop / prevent / keep people from drivin

28、g after drinking.根据下列句子的意思，用括号中所给词的正根据下列句子的意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空限填一词。确形式填空，每空限填一词。Nothing can prevent us from _ (realize) our dreams.他服药以防止感冒恶化。他服药以防止感冒恶化。He took medicine _.to stop / keep / prevent the cold from getting / becoming worserealizingIts our duty to _ people _ too many trees. A. stop; cut

29、ting down B. prevent; to cut down C. keep; cutting down D. make; cut down 解析：本题易错选解析：本题易错选C。 “阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事”可用可用stop / prevent / keep sb. from doing sth.但是，但是，stop / prevent在主动语态中可将后面在主动语态中可将后面的的from省去，被动语态中三者均不可省。省去，被动语态中三者均不可省。keep sb. doing sth.表示表示“让某人一直做某让某人一直做某事事”，意思显然不对。故正确答案为，意思显然不对。故正确答案为A

30、。7. you can feel energy from your feet move up your body。你可以感受到从你的脚上移动到你身体的你可以感受到从你的脚上移动到你身体的能量。能量。 energy n. 精力；力量精力；力量Young people usually have more energy than the old. 青年人通常比老年人精力充沛。青年人通常比老年人精力充沛。 energetic adj. 精力旺盛的；有能量的精力旺盛的；有能量的 Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always fu

31、ll of _. A. knowledge B. energy C. change D. courageWith the help of his friends, he changed a lot. Maybe thats the _ of friendship. A. station B. energy C. decision D. inventionBB16. As you walk there, you can feel the energy from your feet move up your body. 当你走到那儿，你能感觉到能量从你的双脚当你走到那儿，你能感觉到能量从你的双脚

32、上升到你的身体里。上升到你的身体里。 此句中的此句中的feel是感官动词，其后可接宾语和是感官动词，其后可接宾语和 不带不带to的动词不定式充当的宾语补足语，其的动词不定式充当的宾语补足语，其 用法与用法与see, hear, watch等词一样。等词一样。 e.g. We felt the house shake. 8. , but most agree that the position of the stones must be for a special purpose. 但是大多数人都同意石头的位置必定有但是大多数人都同意石头的位置必定有一个特殊的目的。一个特殊的目的。 positi

33、on n. 位置；地方位置；地方Can you find our position on this map? 你能在这幅地图上找到我们的位置吗你能在这幅地图上找到我们的位置吗?The position of manager is still open. 经理职位仍然空缺。经理职位仍然空缺。 in position 在适当的位置在适当的位置 out of position 不在适当的位置不在适当的位置One of the cups is out of position. Put it back in position. 有只杯子位置不对有只杯子位置不对, 把它放在适当的位置。把它放在适当的位置。

34、 position v. 安置；定位安置；定位知识链接知识链接position, place都可表示都可表示“位置位置”, 其区别是：其区别是：place是表示地点的普通词语是表示地点的普通词语; position用于表用于表示与其他地点相对而言的某个位置。例如示与其他地点相对而言的某个位置。例如:Ill show you the place where I was born. 我来带你看看我的出生地。我来带你看看我的出生地。He drew a plan showing the position of all furniture in the room. 他画了一张图他画了一张图, 显示房间里

35、所有家具的位置。显示房间里所有家具的位置。知识链接知识链接- Hi, this way, please.- OK.I sometimes have no sense of _ when I arrive at the crossroad. A. position B. direction C. situation D. condition解析：需根据句意来分析。解析：需根据句意来分析。have no sense of direction 意为意为“没有方向感没有方向感”。Bpurpose n.目的目的 同义词同义词 aim on purpose 故意的故意的.的目的的目的 英文表达为：英文表达

36、为：the purpose of .e.g.What is the purpose of his visit?他来访的目的是什么？他来访的目的是什么？The purpose of Project Hope is to help people who have difficulties.9. burial n. 埋葬；安葬埋葬；安葬 bury v. 埋埋e.g. His body was brought back to England for burial. 他的遗体已运回英国埋葬。他的遗体已运回英国埋葬。9. Some think it might be a burial place or a

37、 place to honor ancestors.Others.一些一些人认为它或者是一个埋葬的地方或纪人认为它或者是一个埋葬的地方或纪念祖先的地方，念祖先的地方，另一些另一些. be honored with.被授予被授予.荣誉荣誉He is honored with the title of a model teacher . 他被授予模范教师的称号。他被授予模范教师的称号。 in honor of 以纪念以纪念 it is my honor to do sth .我很荣幸做某事我很荣幸做某事e.g. Its my honor to stand here to give my speec

38、h. 我很荣幸能站在这儿作演讲。我很荣幸能站在这儿作演讲。11. victory n. 胜利，成功胜利，成功e.g. They celebrated their victory cheerily. 他们兴高采烈地庆祝胜利。他们兴高采烈地庆祝胜利。12. enemy n. 敌人，仇人敌人，仇人 e.g. Hes made a lot of enemies. 他树敌很多。他树敌很多。10. Stonehenge was built slowly over a long period of time.巨石阵是经过了很长的一段时间慢慢建立巨石阵是经过了很长的一段时间慢慢建立的。的。 period n.

39、 一段时间；时期一段时间；时期We lived in Beijing for a period. 我们在北京住过一段时间。我们在北京住过一段时间。period, age, generation这三个词的共同意思这三个词的共同意思是是“时期时期”。其区别是：。其区别是：period是这组词中最一般的常用术语是这组词中最一般的常用术语, 用于任用于任何时限何时限, 时间可长可短时间可长可短; age意为意为“时代时代, 寿寿命命”, 常用来表示以一个中心人物或显著特常用来表示以一个中心人物或显著特征而闻名的时期征而闻名的时期; generation意为意为“代、世代、世代代”, 用于上辈出世与下辈

40、出世之间的时段用于上辈出世与下辈出世之间的时段,对人类来说这段时间有时可算作对人类来说这段时间有时可算作20年或年或25年年,也可用于下辈本身。也可用于下辈本身。知识链接知识链接The period in which people learnt to make tools of iron is called the Iron Age. 人类学会用铁制造工具的时代人类学会用铁制造工具的时代, 我们称为我们称为“铁器时代铁器时代”。My generation behaves differently from my fathers and grandfathers. 我这一代人和我父辈及祖辈表现不同

41、。我这一代人和我父辈及祖辈表现不同。2eCan you think of any other mysteries, either in China or another part of the world, that are similar to Stonehenge? What do you know about these mysteries? What is mysterious about them? Discuss them with your group.Bermuda Triangle 百慕大三角洲百慕大三角洲 所谓百慕大三角，即指北起百慕大，西到美国佛罗所谓百慕大三角，即指北起

42、百慕大，西到美国佛罗里达州的迈阿密，南至波多黎各的一个三角形海域。里达州的迈阿密，南至波多黎各的一个三角形海域。在这片面积达在这片面积达400000400000平方英里的海面上，从平方英里的海面上，从19451945年开年开始始数以百计的飞机和船只，在这里神秘地失踪数以百计的飞机和船只，在这里神秘地失踪。当然，。当然，这些失踪事件不包括那些机械故障、政治绑架和海匪这些失踪事件不包括那些机械故障、政治绑架和海匪打劫等，因为这些本不属于那种神秘失踪的范畴。打劫等，因为这些本不属于那种神秘失踪的范畴。由于事件叠出，人们赋予这片海域以由于事件叠出，人们赋予这片海域以“魔鬼三角魔鬼三角”、“恶运海恶运海

43、”、“魔海魔海”、“海轮的墓地海轮的墓地”等浑号。这等浑号。这些浑号反过来又烘托了这里特有的神秘而怖恐的气氛。些浑号反过来又烘托了这里特有的神秘而怖恐的气氛。现在，百慕大三角已经成为那些神秘的、不可理解现在，百慕大三角已经成为那些神秘的、不可理解的各种失踪事件的代名词。的各种失踪事件的代名词。3aRead through the article in 3a on page 59 again. What do you think the noises could be? List all your ideas. See who in your group can come up with the

44、 most imaginative explanation.3b 3b Look at this newspaper headline and finish the article about the strange happenings.First part: background information about the mysterySecond part: how the mystery was solvedThird part: how the people in the neighborhood now feel写作指导写作指导单元话题分析单元话题分析根据一些依据或者现象进一步判

45、断得出根据一些依据或者现象进一步判断得出一个结论。本单元的重点就是谈论猜测一个结论。本单元的重点就是谈论猜测和判断。和判断。1. 用用情态动词表达猜测或判断情态动词表达猜测或判断, 常见的有常见的有: must, may, might, could和和cant等词。等词。 情态动词表示推测情态动词表示推测, 可能性从小到大依可能性从小到大依次为次为: cant, might, may, could, must。2. 本单元话题涉及多种时态本单元话题涉及多种时态, 因此要注意因此要注意时态的正确使用。时态的正确使用。Sample writing:No More Mystery in the Neighborhood Last week, in a quiet neighborhood, something strange happened. Residents heard noises in the night but no one knew why. Victor Smith th