形容词和副词用法

1、形容词和副词的考点聚焦考点一：形容词、副词的作用与位置考点一：形容词、副词的作用与位置形容词：用来修饰名词的，常被放在形容词：用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。表语。副词副词: 用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记；殊情况，须牢记； 形容词特殊位置（1 1）形容词短语作定语，定语后置。）形容词短语作定语，定语后置。a a language difficult to maste

2、r, a leaning language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet hightower about 180 feet high（2 2）表语形容词（）表语形容词（afraidafraid、alikealike、alonealone、asleepasleep、awakeawake、alivealive等）作定语，定语后置。等）作定语，定语后置。如如a man alivea man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如词如wellwell、faintfaint、illill只作表语。只作表

3、语。sicksick既可作既可作表语又可作定语，表语又可作定语，illill如作定语意为如作定语意为“bad”bad”（3 3）用作定语，修饰由不定代词）用作定语，修饰由不定代词oneone、nono、anyany、somesome和和everyevery构成的复合词如构成的复合词如anythinganything、somethingsomething等时，通常后置。如：等时，通常后置。如：I have something important to tell you.I have something important to tell you.（4 4）elseelse常用作疑问代词和不定代词

4、的常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。后置定语。Someone else, what elseSomeone else, what else（5 5）enoughenough、nearbynearby修饰名词前置或后修饰名词前置或后置，程度副词一般位于形容词、副词置，程度副词一般位于形容词、副词前面，前面，enoughenough修饰形容词、副词时，修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置。必须后置。副词的位置（副词的位置（1）几个副词并列作状语时，）几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式地点地点时间。如：时间。如：We had a good time togeth

5、er outdoors last Sunday.（2）多数多数副词如副词如often、always、usually,never,ever,already等在等在系系动词动词，情态动词，助动词情态动词，助动词后，行为动词前。后，行为动词前。 He always helps others. He is always ready to help others.（4）有些副词置于句首修饰全句，做）有些副词置于句首修饰全句，做评注性状语。如评注性状语。如;obviously ,naturally, surprisinglyFortunately, he was not drowned and was s

6、aved.（5）有些副词做连词，置于句尾，）有些副词做连词，置于句尾，如如;though, (ever) since, in caseHe is old. He works hard, though.（6）can not / never与与enough或或too连用，表示无论怎么都不过分，越连用，表示无论怎么都不过分，越 越好越好.You can never too careful in the street考点考点二二：英语形容词副词比较级和最高级及其使用：英语形容词副词比较级和最高级及其使用一）形容词的比较级和最高级一）形容词的比较级和最高级说说 明明 例例 词词1，一般情况，一般情况 加

7、加er, est smaller, smallest, 2，以，以e 结尾结尾 加加r,st larger, largest3.单音节词和少数多音节的形容词，加词尾单音节词和少数多音节的形容词，加词尾er ,est 以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y ”结尾的词结尾的词 改改y为为i，再加，再加er,est busier,busiest4，重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双双写末尾辅音字母，加写末尾辅音字母，加er,est fatter, fattest, cleverer, clevest5，多数双音节和多音节的词，多数双音节和多音节的词 加加more m

8、ost ，more beautiful,most important 二二)副词的比较级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级1大多数以大多数以ly结尾的副词前加结尾的副词前加more 和和most 来构成比较级和最高级。来构成比较级和最高级。2少数单音节副词，加少数单音节副词，加er,est 构构成其比较级和最高级成其比较级和最高级 。几个特殊的形容词和副词几个特殊的形容词和副词 原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级good ,-well better bestbad, ill, badly -worse worstmany ,much -more mostlittle -less leastfar

9、farther, further farthest, furtherold older, elder oldest, eldest 考点考点三三：比较级和最高级的常用句型：比较级和最高级的常用句型 1,相等相等 ，as 原形原形 as (as 原形原形+名词名词 as ) The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train.He has not as much money as his friend.2.不及不及 not as (so) 原形原形 as ,not as （ so ）+名词名词+原形原形 as ) She is not as (so) beau

10、tiful as her sister.3,比较级比较级+ than +比较对象比较对象 Health is more important than wealth.4，超越，超越 the +比较级比较级+of the two两者两者中较中较 的一个的一个 He is the taller of the two.5，用于否定，用于否定 no +比较级比较级+than 和和一样不一样不 He is no richer than I.他和我一他和我一样不富有。样不富有。, 6，not+比较级比较级=最高级最高级 “最最不不” His work couldnt be wors他的工作再糟糕不他的工作再

11、糟糕不了。了。7,程度递增程度递增 er and er，more and more+多多音节词原级音节词原级 (越来越越来越) higher and higher, more and more important 8,两种情况同时变化两种情况同时变化 the +比较级，比较级，the+比比较级（越较级（越，越，越） The quicker you get ready, the sooner well be able to leave.9,三者或三者以上比较三者或三者以上比较 the +最高级最高级+of/in+比较范围（比较范围（之中最之中最） Of all things in the wor

12、ld, people are the precious.考点考点四四：原级，比较级，最高级结构的修饰语：原级，比较级，最高级结构的修饰语1用于原级之前：用于原级之前：almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc.John is almost as tall as you.The river is three times as long as that one.We have a third as many students as we had last term.2用于比较级前用于比较级

13、前.many, a few (用于用于more +可数名词可数名词前前) It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent, three times etc.Its cold this year, but its even colder last year.We produced 6% more grain this year than

14、we did last year.3用于形容词和最高级前用于形容词和最高级前the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/secondThis hat is by far the largest in the world.Gold is the very most valuable of all materials 1.几个并列的形容词作定语其语序通常为：几个并列的形容词作定语其语序通常为：限定语（限定语（The、A）+ 描绘性形容词描绘性形容词 + size（大小）（大小）+ shape（形状）（形状）+ age（年龄、（年龄、时间）时间）+ colo

15、r（颜色）（颜色）+ origin（国籍、（国籍、来源）来源）+ material（材料）（材料）+ purpose（目（目的）的）+ 名词。如：名词。如： a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella, the mans first tow interesting little red French oil paitings，考点考点五五：多个并列的形容词作定语的排列方法：多个并列的形容词作定语的排列方法 2.用用Opshacom表示顺序：表示顺序：Op代表代表opinion，指表示人们观点的形容，指表示人们观点的形容 词，如词，如beautiful，horrib

16、le，lovely，nice等；等；sh代表代表shape，指表示形状的形容词，如，指表示形状的形容词，如long，short，round, narrow等；等；a代表代表age，指表示年龄、时代的形容词，指表示年龄、时代的形容词，如如old，new，youngc代表代表colour，指表示颜色的形容词，如，指表示颜色的形容词，如red,black, orange等；等；o代表代表origin，指表示国籍、地区的形容词，指表示国籍、地区的形容词，如如British，Canadian，Germanm代表代表material，指表示材料的形容词，如，指表示材料的形容词，如plastic，metal

17、3、用、用“县官行令宴国材县官行令宴国材”记忆：记忆：“县县”（限）代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代（限）代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。数词等。“官官”（观）代表表示观点的（观）代表表示观点的描绘性形容词，如描绘性形容词，如fine,4.美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。考点考点六六：以：以-ly结尾的词性辨析结尾的词性辨析。 下列单词以下列单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：而非副词：lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、like

18、ly、brotherly、timely等。等。 表具体意义（无表具体意义（无-ly）和引申意义）和引申意义(有有-ly)的副词：的副词： deep深深 wide宽广宽广 high高高 low位置低位置低 deeply深入地深入地 widely广泛地广泛地 highly高高度地度地 lowly地位卑微地位卑微 有无有无-ly意义大不相同的副词：意义大不相同的副词： dead死的死的 deadly致命的致命的,非常非常be deadly tired close近近 Dont sit close. Closely 密切地密切地Watch closely! late晚、迟晚、迟arrive late,

19、 come late lately最近最近I havent seen him lately (recently). 考点考点七七：倍数表达法。：倍数表达法。（1）A+ is+倍数 （three，four, times ）+名词（the size，height, length ，etc.) of B.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大（高）。The new bui9lding is four times the size (the height) of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。（2）A+ is +倍数（three，four times ）+as +形容词原级big(

20、high, long, etc.)+ as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。（3）A +is +倍数（three ，four times） bigger (higher, longer, etc.)+ than +B. Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double.=考点考点八八：几个无比较意义的比较级句型：几个无比较意义的比较级句型1 1. .no more than =only

21、no more than =only 只有，仅仅，只不过只有，仅仅，只不过There are no more than a hundred There are no more than a hundred people in the hall. people in the hall. 大厅里只有大厅里只有100100人。人。2. not more than=at the most 2. not more than=at the most 不超过，不超过，至多至多There are not more than a hundred There are not more than a hundred

22、 people in the hall. people in the hall. 大厅里至多大厅里至多100100人。人。3.no less than 3.no less than 多达，不少于多达，不少于He made no less thanHe made no less than500. 500. 他赚了多达他赚了多达五百英镑五百英镑. .He walks no less than five miles to He walks no less than five miles to school. school. 他上学至少要走五英里。他上学至少要走五英里。 4.less than 4.l

23、ess than 不到，不太，极不不到，不太，极不I wont take less than $5000 for I wont take less than $5000 for my car. my car. 我的汽车低于我的汽车低于50005000美元不卖。美元不卖。The boys were less than happy The boys were less than happy about having a party. about having a party. 开晚会男孩开晚会男孩子并不很高兴。子并不很高兴。Doctors have been less than Doctors have been less than successful in treating this successful in treating this condition. condition. 5. more than 多于，超过多于，超过(=over，后接数词，后接数词)；不；不只是只是(=not only，后接名词、动词或副词，后接名词、动词或副词)；非；非常，十分常，十分(=very，后接形容词、副词、动词或分，后接形容词、副词、动词或分