B_7__U_1_(高中英语选修七第一单元语法：动词不定式)

1、Grammar ：The InfinitiveThe Infinitive动词不定式动词不定式 Unit 1 Living wellMarty says2. I used to climb trees, swim and play football.3. Then I started to get weaker and weaker. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.4. Ev

2、en after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.5. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered.6. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. Marty saysMarty says7. Last year I

3、inventedand a big company has decided to buy it from me.8. I also have to do a lot of work, especially if I have been away for a while.9. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式。是动词的一种非谓语形式。由由“ 构成构成, , 其否定形式是其否定形式

4、是“ ”, ,不定式可以带宾语或不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语状语构成不定式短语, ,没有人称和数的变没有人称和数的变化化, ,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不能单独作谓语。动词不定式动词不定式to+doto+donot/never to donot/never to do结构结构 : to do (否定否定) not/never to do 二二. 时态与语态时态与语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式不定式不定式

5、to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing-(1).They pretended not to see us.(2). He pretended to be sleeping. (3).She pretended to have known it before.( (一般式表示与谓语的动作同时一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/ /几乎几乎/ /发生在发生在它之后它之后.).)( (在谓语动词发生的同时在谓语动词发生的同时, ,不定式的动作也正在进行不定式的动作也正在进行) )( (完成式

6、表示动作发生在谓语动作之前完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前) )(4).Were happy to have been working with you. ( (完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前, ,不定式的不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续) )1. 作主语作主语2. 作表语作表语4. 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语3. 作宾语作宾语5. 作定语作定语6. 作状语作状语7. 作插入语作插入语三、用法三、用法To see is to believe.Its important .学好英语很重要。学好英语很重要。1. 主语主语My jo

7、b is . （照顾病人）（照顾病人）Your task is .你的任务是打扫教室。你的任务是打扫教室。to learn English wellto help the patientto clean the classroom.It be adj to do sth2. 表语表语I want to go home.The workers demanded to get better pay.I found it necessary .我觉得有必要再跟他谈谈。我觉得有必要再跟他谈谈。3 宾语宾语think/ consider/ find /make/feel it + adj.+ to do

8、 to talk to him again常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want, agree, afford, attempt, choose, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, fail, expect, get, hate, hope, intend, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish。The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you

9、.我希望你给我帮助我希望你给我帮助.引导不定式作宾补的动词：引导不定式作宾补的动词：warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等等+sb to do sth4. 宾补宾补to give me some help五看五看 watch see look at observe notice(1.)使役动词：三使使役动词：三使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉: feel(2.)感官动词感官动词e.g. I made him do his work.He was (by me).注意注意被动语态不能省被动语态不能省to）made

10、 to do his work(3) 不定式用在介词不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词如果这些介词前有行为动词do的任何一种的任何一种形式形式,那么介词后的不定式不带那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带相反则带to. She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides sleep?You have no choice but to accept itI have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do .5. 定语定

11、语 如果不定式中的动词是如果不定式中的动词是不及物不及物动词动词,则不则不 定式中要有介词定式中要有介词. 请给我一支写字的笔请给我一支写字的笔.Please give me a pen to write with.He is looking for a room to live in .There is nothing to worry about. He spoke loudly .(1.) 表示目的表示目的: to in order to so as to6 作状语作状语I came here .我来是为了见你我来是为了见你to see youso as / in order/ to b

12、e heard他大声说话以便让大家都听得见。他大声说话以便让大家都听得见。(2.) 表示原因表示原因: 不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语状语, sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, right, wrong, rude, cruel, disappointed等。等。eg: Im glad / pleased to see you. We were surprised 听听到这个消息我们很吃惊。到这个消息我们很吃惊。to hear the news. so + adj. / adv. + as to dos

13、uch + a/an. + n. +as to doadj. / adv.+ enough + to doonly to , tooto He was so foolish as to believe it. = He was such a fool as to believe it. = He was foolish enough to believe it.(3.) 结果状语结果状语: : He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.(7).独立结构独立结构to be frank, to be honest, to

14、tell the truthTo tell the truth, I dont agree with you.疑问词疑问词 who,which, when, how, whatwho,which, when, how, what等等与不定式与不定式连用，连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。He didnt know . . (宾语宾语) 他不知道说什么。他不知道说什么。 the problem is very important. .(主语主语) 如何解决这个问题很重要。如何解决这个问题很重要。My question is . . (表

15、语表语)我的问题是什么时候开始。我的问题是什么时候开始。疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式what to sayHow to solvewhen to start My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health. giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up2.The sentence wants _ once more. explained B. to explain C. being explained D. explaining3.The Arctic is considered

16、_ the northern part of the Atlantic. having been B. to have beenC. to be D. being4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay. to have woven B. to be wovenC. to be weaving D. to weave5. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. Having sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. To

17、 sleep 6.The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. turning it off B. turn it offC. to turn it off D. having turned it off7.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? -The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers. to solving, making B.

18、 to solving, madeC. to solve, making D. to solve, made8. -What do you think of the school? -It is a very good _. school to study in B. school for children to studyC. studying school D. school to study9. -Did you get a job? - No, I _ , but its no use. expected B. tried to C. managed to D. planned10.W

19、e find it impossible for us _ the work ahead of time. to be finished B. finishing C. being finished D. to finish11.-I usually go to Shanghai by train. -Why not _ there by boat for a change? to try to go B. try going C. to try going D. try to go 12._ a living, she had to work from morning till night.

20、 To make B. MadeC. Making D. To have made13. I would rather starve to death than _ for food. beg B. begging C. begged D. to beg14.The boy pretended _ when his teacher entered. reading B. to read C. to be reading D. being read【补偿训练补偿训练】(2012全国卷全国卷)The old man sat in front of the television every even

21、ing, happy anything that happened to be on. A. to watchB. watchingC. watchedD. to have watched2. (2012四川高考四川高考)New technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. A. that B. this C. one D. it3. (2012北京高考北京高考)Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds awa

22、y. A. to stayB. stayingC. stayedD. stay5. (2011山东高考山东高考)The two girls are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C. her D. that4. (2011湖南高考湖南高考)The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed1.

23、 Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. not make B. not to make C. not making D. dont make3. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects7. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning8. We agreed _ here bu