专题12语法填空（记叙文）

1、三好高中生（公众号ID：sanhao-youke），为高中生提供名师公开课和精品资料专题12 语法填空（记叙文）1.【2019·全国II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _61_ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet sh

2、op in Macclesfield， _62_ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _64_(declare) she had no plans _65_ (retire) from h

3、er 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _66_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, _67_ because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-

4、said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call _68_ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was _69_ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's _

5、70_ (wonder).”【答案】61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire 66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一位90岁的英国女士Irene Astbury，因为仍然坚持每周上班，获得年度“年度女性奖”称号的故事。本文以积极工作为切入点，宣传劳动精神，引导考生培养劳动意识。 61. being考查非谓语动词。分析空格前面介词for，后面要求使用v-ing的形式，作介词的宾语，故填being。62. which考查

6、非限制性定语从句。分析句子中的the pet shop是真正的先行词，指物，空格后面的句子中opened缺少宾语，故填which引导非限制性定语从句。63. finally 考查副词。分析have 63 （final）been acknowledged语境可知，此处是副词修饰动词，作状语， 故填finally。 64. declared 考查时态。分析本句的结构，缺少谓语，同时结合后面的句子中的had可知，使用一般过去时。填declared。65. to retire考查非谓语动词。根据语境，表示她宣布她现在还没有要退休的计划。此处使用不定式作plan的后置定语。 66. have made考

7、查时态。结合空格后面的时间状语over the years可知，在过去的多年里，她结交的朋友们，因此说明已经做完的事情，故使用现在完成时。填have made。 67. but考查连词。与前面的句子I work not because I have to中的not构成一个固定结构，notbut不是而是，故填but。68. saying考查非谓语动词。分析say与前面的call之间的关系可知，它们构成了主谓关系，填saying，作后置定语，修饰前面的call。 69. a 考查冠词。根据前面We don't have any idea who put grandma forward我们不

8、知道谁提名了祖母，以及she was short-listed接到电话说她入围了，开始我们以为这是一个玩笑，a joke一个玩笑，故填a。70. wonderful考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。根据前面的We are so proud of her.我们为她感到骄傲和自豪，分析本句空格前面是系动词is，后面跟形容词作表语，故填wonderful。2.【2019·全国III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On our way to the house，it was raining _61_ hard that we couldn't help

9、wondering how long it would take _62_ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _63_ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters _64_ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experienc

10、es and _65_(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _66_(compete)to watch，together with the story be

11、hind it. They also shared with us many _67_(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were _68_ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we _69_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_70_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interes

12、ting locals.【答案】61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who 65. recommended 66. competition 67. traditional 68. hugely 69. were 70. listening【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在旅游时所居住的那家主人对他们的热情款待，传递了友善和和谐的情感。61. so考查固定句型。分析结构可知，此处是结果状语从句，修饰副词hard应该填so。“so that”句型，表示“如此以至于”。62. to get考查非谓语动词。根据结构判断此处是句型“It takes sb. some tim

13、e to do sth.”，意思是“做某事花费某人多长时间”。63. of 考查介词。固定短语：a pack of 意为“一群”。句意：首先欢迎我们的是一群狗的叫声，确切地说是七只狗。64. who 考查定语从句。分析结构可知，masters是先行词，后面是定语从句。从句中缺少主语，判断用关系代词。又因为指代表示“人”的名词masters，所以填who。65. recommended 考查动词时态。 从结构可知and连接两个并列谓语动词，所以判断空格处所填的词应该和shared一致，故填 recommended。66. competition 考查词性转换。形容词interesting应该修饰

14、名词，而且空前有不定冠词an，故填单数名词competition。67. traditional 考查词性转换空格处于名词stories前，判断应该用形容词作定语。故填traditional。68. hugely 考查词性转换。空格在句中位于形容词前，所以判断用副词作状语。故填hugely。69. were invited 考查动词时态和语态。根据语境判断句子是讲述过去发生的事情，句中需用一般过去时；而且主语we和动词invite之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故填were invited。70. listening 考查非谓语动词。分析结构可知，逗号后是非谓语短语作状语，而逻辑主

15、语we和动词listen之间是主动关系，判断用现在分词。故填listening。3.【2018·全国III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I'm not sure _61_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-

16、to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _62_ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the_63_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _64_(

17、look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_65_(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a _66_(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching _67_ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I w

18、ere worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _68_(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal _69_(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was de

19、livered, he allowed me _70_ (stay)and watch.【答案】61. which 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged 66. scientist 67. for 68. them 69. meant 70. to stay【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。61. 考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which表示“哪一个”62. 考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以

20、最大的肺活量喊叫。63. 考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。64. 考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。65. 考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。66. 考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。67. 考查动词短语搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。68. 考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格the

21、m。69. 考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。70. 考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。4.2017·全国卷阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh­faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A­level

22、course. But unlike her school friends, 16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term 61._ (rest). Instead, she is earning 6，500 a day as 62._ model in New York. Sarah 63._ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter

23、, 44，wants her to give up school to model full­time. But Sarah, 64._ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65._ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66._ (educate)She has turned down several 67._ (invitation) to star at shows in or

24、der to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full­time before going to university to get a degree 68._ engineering or architecture. Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69._ (come) first. I don't want to g

25、et too absorbed in modelling. It is 70._ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more.”【答案】61. resting62. a 63. has been told/was told 64. who 65. to prove 66. education 67. invitations 68. in 69. comes 70.

26、certainly【解析】 文章介绍了纽约市16岁的高中女孩萨拉，她不仅学习成绩好，长得漂亮，而且是一名收入不菲的时装模特。她爸爸希望她退学专门从事模特行业，但是她以学业为重，坚持学业和工作两不误。61. resting考查非谓语动词。spend(in) doing sth是固定句式，意为“花做某事”。62. a考查冠词。根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且model的第一个音素是辅音音素，故用不定冠词a。63. has been told/was told考查动词的时态和语态。 tell后接双宾语， 因此可判断此句用被动语态；再根据后面句子的时态可判断用现在完成时或

27、一般过去时。64. who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空后面是一个定语从句，缺少连接词，代指先行词Sarah, 在从句中作主语，故填who。65. to prove考查动词不定式。want to do sth为固定搭配，故用动词不定式。66. education考查名词。前面是形容词性物主代词her，故用名词形式。67. invitations考查名词复数。根据句意“她拒绝了几个邀请”可知，此处需要填名词，而且invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，故用复数形式。68. in考查介词。get a degree in是固定搭配，意为“在方面获得学位”。69. comes考查

28、动词的时态。根据at the moment可知这个句子应用一般现在时，而且主语是单数，故用comes。70. certainly考查副词。certainly在此处修饰形容词fun。5.2017·浙江卷6月考阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56._ (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But some

29、thing made her look closer, and she noticed a 57._ (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long­lost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed 58._ loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 59._ (I)，” says Pahlsson.Sixteen years 60._

30、(early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61._ (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughtersthen ten, eight, and sixhad picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 62._ (search) the kitchen

31、, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says. She never replaced it. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63._ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64._ it remained until the carrot's lea

32、fy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65._ wonder.【答案】56. carrots57. shiny/shining58. so59. myself60. earlier61. to cook62. searched63. swept64. where65. a【解析】 本文是一则小故事，主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在16年前丢失了结婚戒指，现在失而复得的故事。56. carrots考查名词。根据a handful of可知，应该有一把小胡萝卜，所以用carrot的

33、复数形式。57. shiny/shining考查形容词。此处根据下文的object可知，需用形容词作定语，故填shiny或shining。58. so考查状语从句。此处是“sothat”结构，表示“如此以至于”。59. myself考查反身代词。根据语意可知，此处填I的反身代词，意为“她认为我伤到了我自己”，故填myself。60. earlier考查比较级。此处语意表示“16年前”，故填earlier。61. to cook考查不定式。此处不定式表示目的。语境为“取下戒指来做饭”，故填to cook。62. searched考查动词的时态。根据语意可知，他们过去曾搜遍了整个厨房，故填sear

34、ched。63. swept 考查过去分词。此处是get done结构，表示被动，意为“被扫进了垃圾堆”。64. where考查定语从句。此处先行词是the garden，在从句中充当地点状语，故填where。65. a考查冠词。此处a wonder表示“一个奇迹”，所以需要不定冠词a。6.【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for touris

35、ts like me, pandas are its top_61_(attract). So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title

36、 will be _63_(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back _64_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _65_ I was the first Western TV reporter_66_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties

37、 will include _67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few _69_( day) with

38、his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _70_ other is with mum-she never suspects.【答案】61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65. when66. permitted 67. introducing 68. its 69. days 70. the【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为特邀人员在四川成都的大熊猫基地的所见所闻。61. attraction 考查名词。 形容词top后面跟名词形式。62. was allow

39、ed考查时态和语态。根据句意可知作者是被允许走近这些动物， be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”。63. officially考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。64. to 考查介词。固定短语：go back to “回到”。65. when考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少状语，因为先行词是时间，故填when。66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰的名词和permit之间是被动关系，用过去分词。67. introducing考查动名词。 介词后面应该用动名词形式。68. its考查代词。 修饰名词用形容词性的物主代词，故填its。69. days考查名词

40、复数。Few修饰复数名词。70. the考查冠词。固定短语：one the other“一个另一个”。7.【2016·四川】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The giant panda 41 (love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists 42 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 43 (care)mother. For 25days,s

41、he never left her baby, not even to find something 44 (eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 45 (enemy)that would try to eat the little comforting pats. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the w

42、ay a human does. 46 it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats, The mother continued to care for the young panda 47 more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 48 (it)mother for food. However, it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest

43、. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 49 (drive)the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby,50 it was also time for the young panda to be independent.【答案】41.is loved 42.recently 43.caring/careful 44.to eat 45.enemies 46.When/If 47.for 48.its 49.drove 50.and【解析】本文讲的是妈妈熊猫和她的孩

44、子的故事。41.is loved 句意：大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢。根据句意可知用一般现在时态的被动语态，The giant panda是单数第三人称形式，故填is loved。42.recently 副词修饰动词，故填recently。43.caring/careful 此处是现在分词或形容词作定语，放在名词前面，故填caring/careful。44.to eat 句意：甚至不去找吃的东西。此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语，故填to eat。45.enemies 句意：任何气味都可能吸引自然界的敌人。自然界的敌人不止一个，应该用复数形式，故填enemies。46.When/If 句意

45、：如果或当它哭的时候，她会前后摇动。故填When/If。47.for 句意：妈妈继续照顾小熊猫两年多。此处表示一段时间，故填for。48.its 句意：小熊猫不再需要它妈妈的食物。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填its。49.drove 句意：然后，两年半后妈妈让小熊猫离开。根据句意可知用一般过去时态，故填drove。50.and 句意：现在是她该有一个小宝宝的时间了，同时也是小熊猫该独立的时间了。此处表示并列，是一个并列句，故填and。考点：考查语法填空8.2015·全国卷 Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 61._(arriv

46、e) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours 62._， I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with 63._(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters

47、 of the Li River 64._are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65._(painting). Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away 66._ car and offers all the scenery of the better­known city.Yangshuo 67._(be) really beautiful. A study of trav

48、ellers 68._(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69._(regular) arranges quick getaways here for

49、 people 70._(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【答案】61arrived 62before/earlier 63its 64that/which 65paintings 66by 67is 68conducted 69regularly 70living【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到阳朔游玩的经历和感受。61arrived 考查动词的时态。天亮之前“我”到了阳朔，当时天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。62before/earlier 考查副词的用法。几个小时前，“我”在香港的家里。注意不可以用ago。63its 考查形容词

50、性物主代词。几个小时前，“我”在香港的家里，呼吸着令人窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its。64that/which 考查定语从句。漓江被许多艺术家绘画。此处考查定语从句，先行词为Li River，在从句中作主语。65paintings 考查名词的复数形式。漓江被画在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词，注意用复数形式。66by 乘汽车只需要1个小时。by car乘汽车。67is 考查动词的正确形式。此句缺少谓语动词，根据句意和后句的时态，可知此处用一般现在时。阳朔真的很漂亮。68conducted 考查过去分词作定语。这里表示一家网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语表示被动关系。 6

51、9regularly 考查副词的用法。该旅游公司定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。这里用副词修饰动词。 70living 考查现在分词作定语。这里指住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语表示主动关系。9.2015·广东卷 Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned _16_ farm, which looked almost abandoned. _17_ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or

52、exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby _18_ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what _19_ (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass _20_ it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she _21_ (fall)

53、over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living _22_ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees _23_ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he starte

54、d growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market _24_ people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to _25_ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 【答案】16. a 17. Luckily 18. for19. was l

55、eft 20. when 21. fell 22. without 23. to sell 24. where 25. him 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是约翰逊先生一家靠着农场里的奶牛维持生活，但是一次意外奶牛死了，约翰逊先生不得不想其他办法维持生活。他一边种药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去集上卖木头。最终丰收来临，他将药草和蔬菜卖给镇上的人。上帝在给他关上了一扇门的时候，又给他打开了另一扇门。16. a 考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现，表示泛指，故填a。17. Luckily 考查副词。用副词修饰整个句子。18. for考查介词。根据句中的exchange可知，用介词for。exch

56、ange for交换，兑换。19. was left 考查动词的时态和语态。文章中的时态都是用的过去时，what与leave是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。20. when 考查连词。根据“the cow was eating grassit began to rain heavily.”可知，本句中一个动作发生，另一个动作正在进行，用连词when。21. fell 考查动词的时态。根据句中的died可知用一般过去时。22. without 考查介词。根据上文的“sheover the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a livi

57、ng”可知，没有了奶牛，约翰逊一家不得不另想办法谋生。23. to sell 考查非谓语动词。砍树的目的是卖木头。不定式作目的状语。24. where 考查定语从句的连接词。句中的in the market是先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，故用引导词where。25. him 考查代词。It occurred to sb that某人突然想到。这是一个固定的句型，因为这篇短文讲述的是约翰逊先生的故事，故填him。10.(2014·全国)One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1. (be) late for school. There w