自考高级英语上册Lesson

1、Lesson FourDie as You Choose BackgroundAt the present time, there is an urgent need for law on euthanasia. Euthanasia is forbidden in most countries, where doctors practice it secretly. How, in some countries, like Holland, mercy-killing is openly practised. In more and more countries a debate on th

2、e legality of euthanasia is now in full swing. Why prolong a patients suffering when the suffering he has suffered enough and any glimpse of hope is gone? Why not put an end to his life through euthanasia? But , if euthanasia is legalized, there might be another danger someone could be able to take

3、advantage of euthanasia for killing. In a word, euthanasia is a problem that cannot be dodged. 1.The need for laws on euthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer.制定关于安乐死的法律已经到了不能再回避的地步。(para1) dodge ： avoid ， evade or elude 逃避。 如； He was accused of dodging his taxes. 他被指控逃税。 move aside suddenly突然闪开。

4、 如： I dodged out of the way when he threw a chair at me. 他将椅子向我扔来的时候，我急忙闪开。 2. In one of the worlds biggest countries, euthanasia is condemned by the medical establishment, secretly practiced many times more often, and almost never comes to light.而在某个世界大国，安乐死虽然经常受到医疗机构的公开谴责，每年却以数倍于此的次数秘密实施，且从未公之于众。(

5、p47) condemn： express an unfavorable judgment or opinion of 谴责。如： We condemned empty talk instead of hard work.我们谴责只说空话不务实的行为。 come to light ： to be discovered or revealed 暴露。 如；It has now come to light that he was financially backed by some interest group. 人们刚刚得知，他受到了某个利益集团的经济支持。 3.Which of these c

6、ountries has a mercy-killing doctor now languishing in its jails?但是，在上述那个国家有医生因为实施安乐死而在监狱里服刑呢？P47-48 languish ： 1） become feeble ；droop ； lose liveliness or the will to do things凋萎，有气无力。 如； languish from the heat /in prison/ in his dull job 由于天气炎热/坐牢/工作乏味而萎靡不振。 2） suffer from a feeling of longing 苦思

7、。 如； languish for some kind words/her love 苦苦期盼一些安慰的话语/她的爱。 5.In January the Journal of the American Medical Association published a bizarre letter, in which an anonymous doctor claimed to have killed a 20-year-old cancer patient at her own request.美国医学协会会刊1月份发表了一封非同寻常的来信。一位医生在信中宣称自己按照病人的意愿，杀死了一位身患癌

8、症的20岁女孩。p48 bizarre ： unusual in appearance， style ， or characters 外貌，风格或性格怪异。如； a bizarre coincidence一次奇怪的巧合；his bizarre behavior 他怪异的行为。 .at her own request 根据她本人的要求。 We did it at her request. 我们应她的要求而做。 He came at my request. 他应我的请求而来。 6.This started a debate that will rumble on into the autumn,

9、when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia.这件事引起了一场辩论，而这场辩论将轰轰烈烈地持续到秋季，那时加利福尼亚州可能会就一项使安乐死合法化的法律进行投票表决。 P48 Rumble on : continue to talk or discuss for a long time. Rumble on the Runway 前卫创意 vote on ： 就进行表决。 -Lets vote on this issue， since we cant agree. 既然我们不能达成一致意见，就来投票表决吧。

10、7. Thus, because voluntary euthanasia is taboo, a doctor makes the decision himself and the patient is killed involuntarily in the night with a syringe.由于自愿要求安乐死受到禁止，就只能由医生自行作出决定了，病人会在夜间受到药物注射而非自愿地离开人世。 p48 Taboo adj. 忌讳的， 禁止的。 如： This topic is taboo on the campus. 校园里忌讳讨论这个话题 8. Most American state

11、s have “living will” legislation that protects doctors from prosecution if they do not try to save someone who has said he does not want life prolonged.美国大多数州都有关于“活遗嘱”的法规，为医生提供保护。如果医生没有尽力救助曾声明不想延续生命的病人，不会为此受到起诉。p49 Living-will :美国大多数州立法规定，如果医生暗病人的活遗嘱行事，他们不会被起诉。 prolongprl ： cause sth. to continue lo

12、nger 延长。 - I have to prolong my stay here for another three days. 我必须在这里继续呆三天 9.How long can the distinction between killing and letting die hold out?将人杀死与让人死亡之间的界线还能维持多久呢？p49 hold out ： continue to last 坚持，挺住。如： Can you hold out much longer 你能再坚持一段时间吗 9. Some people believe that the time of death i

13、s appointed by God and that no man should put the clock back on another. Yet if a patients philosophical views embrace euthanasia, it is not clear why the religious objections of others should intrude on his death.有人认为死亡的时间是上帝安排的，任何人不得缩短他人的生命，然而假如一位病人的人生观使其接受安乐死，那么人们不禁要问：为什么其他人还要用不同的宗教观念去干预其死亡呢？ p49

14、 No man should shorten the natural life of another person. intrude on :To get involved in a persons private affairs in annoying way. to intrude on somebody打扰某人 to intrude on ones thoughts扰乱某人的思想 to intrude on ones time占用某人的时间 10. Another worry is that a legal framework for euthanasia, permitting a d

15、octor to comply with a dying mans request in a prescribed set of circumstances, might pose dangers for society by setting a precedent for killing.另一个令人担忧问题是，有关安乐死的法律体系允许医生在规定的情况下按照垂死病人的请求实施安乐死，就可能为杀人首开先例，从而危害社会。 P49-50 comply with ： act in accordance with wishes ， requirements or conditions 遵守（意愿，要求

16、或条件等）。 -You ought to comply with the rules /the demands/ the law/ the requests.你应该遵守规章/命令/法律/要求。 pose danger 造成危险。a. Pose： cause sth. to exist造成，形成；- The workers movement poses a direct threat to their interests.工人运动对他们的利益造成了直接威胁。b. v. 摆姿势；装模作样；take shape , shape into Are you willing to pose for me

17、? 你愿意摆姿势让我为你拍照吗 11.By refusing to discuss it, they usher in something worse.拒绝讨论这个问题会使情况更加糟糕。p50 usher in ：领进，引进show into , bring in Together, starting today, let us finish the work that needs to be done, and usher in a new birth of freedom on this Earth. 让我们一起从今天开始，完成应该完成的工作，在这个星球上开辟一片新的自由天地。 需要对安乐

18、死制定相关的法律规范，这个问题不能长期回避了。 The need for laws on euthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer. 正如未履行某种职责可以受到处罚一样，采取了某种行动也可以不受责难。 Just as there can be culpableklpb()l omissions, so too can there be blameless acts.Translation 许多面对病人临终前痛苦的医生认为，只有神经质的人才坚决地强调被动安乐死和主动安乐死的区别他们这样来为积极安乐死辩论：医生的职责之一是解除病人的痛苦，有时侯这是医生唯一能做的事情，而安乐死是唯一的办法。 Many doctors working on the battlefield of terminal suffering think that only squeamishness demands a firm difference between passive and active euthanasia on request. Their argument for killing goes like this: one of a doctors duties is t