土建专业词汇(汉英)

1、6-110建筑、结构、总交10分钟最大平均风速 maximum average wind speed for 10 minutes28天龄期抗压强度 compressive strength at 28 day-ageA形柱 A-poleH型截面 H-sectionT形梁 T-girderT形组合角钢 back-to-back anglesT型薄腹梁 T-section roof girderT型截面 T-sectionU形箍筋 U-stirrupsU形环 shackleV形缝 splayed joint, V-jointV形檐槽 arris gutterZ-型钢 Z-sectionZ型角铁

2、Z-angleA矮树林 bush安定性 soundness安全（容许）荷载 charge of surety安全出口 emergency outlet, fire escape, safe exit, exit安全岛 pedestrian island安全度 degree of safety安全盔 hard hat, safety helmet安全帽 hard hat, safety helmet安全梯 ladder escape安全通道 safety passage安全系数 degree of safety, safety factor安息角 angle of repose安装 buildi

3、ng-up, erect, fabricate安装焊缝 erection weld安装荷载 erection load安装与调试阶段 installation and commissioning stage岸壁 bulkhead wall, quay岸跨 approach span岸首 bankhead暗插销 insert bolt暗窗 blank window暗的 concealed暗缝 buried joint, coped joint暗沟 blind ditch暗沟排水 blind drainage, underdrainage暗沟填料 blinding material暗门 blank

4、 door, blind door暗线 buried wire暗线槽 conduit暗箱 booth暗销杆 dowel bar凹槽 channel, recess凹缝 open joint凹陷 cave-in, fallingB八角窗 bay window扒钉 anti-checking iron把手 grasp坝 dam坝顶 dam top坝肩 dam abutment坝脚 dam toe坝坡 dam slope坝墙 dam wall坝址 dam site坝轴线 dam axis坝座 dam abutment白铁皮 galvanized iron白土 argil白蚁 termite百叶窗 b

5、lind window, louver window, shutter百叶窗式的 baffle-type百叶帘 shutter blind 百叶门 blind door, louver door, shutter door斑马线 zebra crossing斑脱土（岩） bentonite板 slab板底标高 soffit level板肋 arris of slab板棱 arris of slab板梁 plate girder, lattice girder板式基础 mat footing, mat foundation板条 bat, batten, boarding板条隔墙 battened

6、 partition板条门 batten door板条墙 battened wall板条心胶合板 batten board板围 hoarding板岩 slate板桩 sheet pile, sheet wall piling半敞开小室 benchtop cave半地下室 partially-exposed basement半风化状态 semi-weathered state半光瓷漆 semigloss enamel半光漆 semigloss paint半透明玻璃 translucent glass半透明的 translucent半永久建筑 semi-permanent structure半圆饰

7、边 beading fillet拌和 agitation, mixing拌和厂 batch plant拌和楼 batch plant, batching plant绑扎钢筋 wiring reinforcement绑扎钢丝（绑钢筋用） bonder wire棒钢 bar steel包尔曼桁架（多弦三角形桁架） Bollman truss包铝的 alclad包铁木材 armored wood包铁皮的 armored宝库 magazine饱和度 degree of saturation饱和砂 saturated sand饱和系数 saturation coefficient保护层 protecti

8、ve coating保护电弧焊 shielded arc welding保护焊 shielded welding保温层 heat insulation course保温型彩色压型墙板 insulated plastic coated corrugated steel deck siding堡垒 fortress杯形基础 footing socket贝利式（桁架）桥跨 bailey span贝利式桁架 bailey truss备餐间 pantry备件（品）库 spare parts storage, accessories store备用房 spare room背衬 back lining, b

9、acking背衬梁 backer brick背衬料 back lining背衬砖 backing brick背撑 back shore背风（的） leeward背后挡板 backboard背靠背组合角钢 back-to-back angles背面支柱 back leg背视图 back view背有凹槽的门框 buck frame被动土压力 passive earth pressure锛子 adz本土 mainland本土的 indigenous崩塌 avalanche, collapse, eboulement, falling崩塌防护 avalanche defence泵坑 pump pit

10、比较布置（方案） alternate layout比较设计（方案） alternate design比重 specific gravity闭合 closure壁 border壁橱 built-in cupboard, closet壁孔 aperture壁纸 wallpaper避雷器 lightning rod (conductor), lightning arrester避雷针 lightning rod, lightning conductor 臂 arm边 bordering边界标志 bordering边跨 side span边框 cheek边梁 facia边模板 cheek board边

11、坡整平工作 bluff work边缘 border边缘 margin边缘地 borderland扁斧 adz扁钢 steel strap, flat bar扁钢丝绳 band rope扁铁条 band iron便门 access door便桥 access board便桥式脚手架 bridging run便梯 auxiliary stair, cat ladder变电所 substation变截面梁 beam of variable cross-section, haunched beam变截面柱 column with variable cross-sections变位 displaceme

12、nt变形 deflection, deform, deformation变形钢筋 deformed bar变形金属板 deformed metal plate变形模量 modulus of deformation变压器检修间 transformer maintenance room标灯 aiming light标杆 aiming post标高 elevation, level标号（水泥或混凝土的） grade标签 tag标志（桩） beacon标准尺寸 ga(u)ge标准防火门 fire-rated door标准规范 standards and specifications表面 facade表

13、面处理 surface preparation表面化硬化 cementation表面接缝 face seam表面裂痕 alligatoring表盘上的眩光 glare on the panels表土层 A-horizon表土夯实 superficial compaction冰冻期 frost period冰冻区 frost zone冰冻线 frost line波纹（状）的 corrugated波形石棉瓦 corrugated asbestos sheet玻璃 glass玻璃厂 foundry玻璃纤维 fiberglass玻璃纤维保温材料 glass fibre thermal insulati

14、on material泊松比 Poissons ratio泊位 berth, berthage博物馆 museum箔 foil薄板结构 thin-slab construction, thin-walled structure薄腹梁 thin-webbed girder薄钢板 sheet metal, sheet steel薄壳结构 shell structure, thin-shell construction薄膜水 adhesive water跛窗 batement-light补充比较方案 additive alternate补给 make-up补给面积 area of supply补给区

15、 area of supply补强板 gusset补遗 addendum哺乳室 nurse room不按比例 N.T.S (not to scale)不等边角钢 unequal angle iron不等角投影 axonometric projection不动产 real estate不对称布置 asymmetric configuration不对称荷载 anti-symmetrical load不够稳定的 understable不规则裂缝 random crack不规则砌合 broken bond不均匀沉降 unequal settlement不靠墙楼梯 independent stairs不

16、可燃的 incombustible不毛之地 barren不能使用 out of use不平整路面上的凸起处 chatter bump不燃烧结构 incombustible construction不燃物 incombustible不燃性 incombustibility不透水层 watertight layer不透水的 dampproofing, watertight不透水墙 watertight wall不稳定框架 imperfect frame不锈钢 stainless steel不锈钢板 stainless steel plate (sheet)不锈钢管 stainless steel

17、pipe布告牌 noticeboard布置 configuration步道 ambulatoryC材料搁置区 laydown area采光孔 funnel采料 borrow采料场 borrow, borrow pit采暖地区 region with heating provision采石场 quarry彩绘 decoration彩色波纹金属板 colored corrugated sheet metal彩色玻璃 stained-glass彩色艺术玻璃 art glass参考点 point of reference参考图 reference drawing餐室 dining room残余收缩 a

18、fter contraction残余塑性变形 after flow残余应力 residual stresses仓口 funnel仓库 garner仓库 warehouse, depository, godown, magazine, entrepot舱底 bilge操作性能 serviceability槽 chase, trench槽板 channel slab槽钢 channel槽面 facet槽形板 channel roof slab槽形砖 keyed brick草地 grassland草坪 lawn, sward草图 adumbration草图设计阶段 concept(ual) phas

19、e草原 grassland侧壁 cheek侧焊 lateral weld侧面 flank, lateral face, side侧面焊缝 lateral weld侧砌砖 brick laid on edge, brick-on-edge侧砌砖窗台 brick-on-edge sill侧墙 siding侧向荷载 lateral load侧向净空 lateral clearance侧向力 lateral force侧向挠度 lateral deflection侧向收缩 lateral contraction侧向推力 side thrust侧向稳定 lateral stability侧向压力 lat

20、eral pressure侧向应变 lateral strain侧翼建筑物 flank侧砖铺面 brick-on-edge paving侧砖压顶 brick-on-edge coping厕所 cloaca, lavatory, toilet, water closet测高水准仪 altitude level测高仪 altitude gage测距仪 apomecometer层 layer, tier层面滑动 bedding slip层压橡胶 laminated rubber层压制品 laminate插入 breaking-in, build-in, fill-in插入式配件 male插铁 con

21、crete insert插铁 dowel插销 bolt, click岔道 shunting track拆除（毁） demolition柴油罐 diesel oil storage tank掺合料 admixture掺气 AE (air entraining)掺砂 addition of sand掺粘土 addition of clay铲斗 basket铲口 rabble长槽孔 slot长径（宽）比 aspect ratio长廊 gallery长条形基础 long strip footing长远规划 laster plan厂前区 front area of the plant厂区绿化 green

22、ing of the plant area, make the plant area green厂区围墙 boundary wall厂区占地 land occupation of the plant area, site area厂址地面标高 site grade leveling厂址图 plot厂址位置图 plot plan场地 yard场地清理 site cleaning超筋的 overreinforced超静定结构 hyperstatic structure超载 excess load, supercharge loading朝向 orientation潮湿的 dank车挡 stop车间

23、 workshop车间组装的制作件 shop assembled fabricated piece (S.A.F.P.)车库 garage车行道 carriageway沉淀池 settling basin沉积平原 aggradation plain沉降 settlement, subsidence沉降缝 settlement joint沉降与荷载关系图 settlement and load relation沉井基础 sunk shaft foundation, sunk well foundation沉泥井 catch basin沉头螺钉 sunk screw沉陷 subsidence沉箱

24、caisson, coffer, sinking caisson沉箱法 caisson method沉箱结构 caisson-set沉渣室 baghouse陈列室 cabinet陈设 furnish衬板 backing plank衬底 substrate衬垫 gasket, lining衬垫物 backer衬垫砖 furring brick衬里砖 back-up brick衬铝 alclad衬砌 lining撑窗杆 adjuster for windows撑杆 jack post撑脚 arm-brace撑墙 buttress撑条 bind成层砌石块体 block-in-course承插端 be

25、ll end承接梁 bridle承梁板 bolster承木 bearer承受得住 withstand承压力 bearing pressure承压型高强度螺栓 bearing-type high strength bolt承载能力 load-carrying capacity, supporting capacity承重板 bearing plate承重层 bearing course承重构（框）架 load bearing frame, support frame承重构件 load bearing member, load-carrying member承重墙 bearing wall承重墙

26、carrying wall, load bearing wall承重墙结构 solid-walled structure城墙垛 battlement城市抗震规划 seismic planning城乡规划 town and country planning秤杆 arm of balance池墙 bay wall持久强度 long-time strength持力层 supporting course (layer)齿顶 addendum赤褐色 mahogany充气结构 air-inflated structure冲灰泵房 ash sluicing pump house冲击 impact, shoc

27、k冲剪（切） punching shear冲刷 scouring冲洗 flush抽水降水区 area of pumping depression稠度 consistency出（入）口 access出版 publication出灰口 ash hole出灰桶 ash bin初步可行性研究 preliminary feasibility study初步设计 preliminary design初步设计阶段 concept(ual) phase初凝 initial setting初凝时间 initial setting time除气混凝土 deaerated concrete除氧间 deaerator

28、 bay储存土（填土用） banked earth储气罐 air receiver储水池 aqua storage tank穿堂 lobby传达室 gatehouse, gatekeeps lodge, reception room椽子 rafter窗 window窗边木 stile窗插销 angle catch, sash bolts, window bolt窗洞（口） window opening窗钩 catch窗过梁 window lintel窗间墙 wall between window, pier窗间墙宽度 interfenestration窗间柱 window post窗铰链 wi

29、ndow butt, window hinge窗距布置 interfenestration窗开关 window opener窗口凳 banquette窗框 sash, sash frame, window frame窗框饰 chambranle窗拉手 sash handle, window pull窗帘 curtain, hangings, window blind, window hanging窗帘布 casement cloth窗幔 window hanging窗楣 fanlight窗裙墙 spandrel (spandril) wall窗扇 window sash, casement窗闩

30、 window bar窗台 sill窗台板 elbow board, window apron, window board, windowsill窗托 backing of window窗下墙 spandrel (spandril) wall窗下墙线脚 breast molding窗腰 breast垂饰 hanger垂直的 plumb, vertical垂直地震力 vertical seismic force垂直钢箍 vertical stirrup垂直支撑 vertical bracing纯弯 pure bending瓷板 vitrolite瓷漆 enamel, namel paint瓷器

31、chinaware, china, figuline瓷釉 enamel, glazing瓷砖 tile, vitrolite次桁架 jack truss次梁 junior beam, secondary beam次应力 secondary stress刺钉 barbed nail刺螺栓 barb bolt刺铁丝 barbed wire粗骨料 coarse aggregate粗缆 hawser粗粒水泥粉刷 bastard stucco粗嵌缝 bastard pointing粗嵌灰缝 bastard tuck pointing粗砂 arenose, coarse sand粗石 quarry roc

32、k, quarry stone粗屑岩 arenyte粗凿石板 boasted ashlar粗制螺栓 rough bolt粗琢（指石料的） boasting脆的 brash脆性断裂 brittle fracture脆性破坏 brittle failure存放处 depository存水弯 water sealed joint错缝 alternate joint, broken joint, staggered joint错列接头 alternate joint错落式住宅 bilevelD搭板 brow搭钩 agraff搭接 lap over, lap splice搭接部分 lap of spli

33、ce搭接缝 lapped seam搭接焊 lap welding搭接接头 lap splice, lapped splice搭接瓦 bond tile搭扣 agraff搭桥接合 bridge joint打板条桩 batten sheet piling打底混凝土浆 concrete primer打夯机 tamper打毛 hacking off打扫 brooming打楔子 wedging大坝 dam大坝基础 dam foundation大便器 toilet bowl大车道 bridle road大道 artery大放基脚 offset footing大纲 outline大规模挖土 bulk exc

34、avation大孔土 macroporous soil大块混凝土 mass concrete大块式基础 mass foundation大块坍落 block caving大理石 marble大梁 girder大梁腹板 web of girder大楼 block, building大陆 mainland大路 artery大门 gate大门门铰 band and gudgeon大面积开挖 bulk excavation大片 chump大平台布置 large platform arrangement大体积混凝土 mass concrete大头螺钉 stud大型构造 macrostructure大型起吊

35、孔 large type hatch opening大型砌块结构 block construction大型墙板 precast wall-panel大修 overhaul带保温金属墙板 insulated metal wall panel带槽砖 brick with groove带钢 band iron, steel strap, flat bar带钩钢筋 bar with hooked end带帽螺栓 nut bolt带蘑菇形柱头的无梁楼板 mushroom slab带饰门头线 banded architrave带饰柱 banded column带形窗 continuous window带状

36、层 belting course带状公路 belt highway带状线脚 band molding待填槽 back joint袋装干拌混凝土 bagwork袋装水泥 bagged cement单独基础 isolated footing单管烟囱 single-shaft chimney (stack)单荷载 single load单跨 single span单坡屋顶（面） lean-to roof, single slope roof, single-pitch roof单人套间 chamber单身宿舍楼 dormitory单位面积造价 unit area building cost单向连续板

37、 one-way continuous slab单向配筋的 one-way reinforced单柱屋架 king post truss单桩 single pile单桩容许荷载 allowable pile bearing load弹簧窗扇 swing sash弹簧门 swing door弹性变形 elastic deformation弹性地基梁 beam on elastic foundation弹性模量 modulus of elasticity淡色 tint当地原材料 indigenous raw materials挡板 baffle board, baffle plate, baffl

38、er挡板式的 baffle-type挡风（墙） air stopping挡风板 barge board, wind shield挡风罩 breakwind挡泥板 dashboard, shield挡水板 eaves flashing, shield挡水建筑物 barrage挡水墙 bulkhead挡水条 water bar挡土墙 bulkhead, retaining wall, bulkhead wall, protecting wall档案 archives档案馆 archives档步板 riser档木 cleat导槽（管） conduit导轨 track导流板 baffler倒T型楼板

39、inverted T-section floor倒棱板条 chamfer strip倒三角形桁架 inverted triangular truss倒塌 cave-in, collapse倒斜板边 beveled edge倒置 bottom-up捣实 consolidate道路 avenue道路分割带 center mall道路工程 roadwork道路护面层 armor course道路入口 entryway道路纵断面 profile of road道渣 ballast道渣层 body of ballast灯塔 beacon等边角钢 equal-leg angle等级 grade等截面 un

40、iform cross section等深线 bathymetric line等效面积 equivalent area等震线 isoseismal低碳钢 decarbonized steel, low carbon steel, mild steel堤 dyke, embankment, bank, levee堤岸冲刷 bank erosion堤岸码头 bulkhead wharf堤背 back of levee滴水 drip, throating, throat, drip channel滴水槽 throat drip, water drip, drip groove底板 base, bas

41、e plate, sole plate, bed piece底槽 bottom cut底层 base course, ground floor, basement, sublayer, substrate底标高 bottom level, soffit level底层平面图 ground floor plan底层涂料 back coat底层油毡 underfelt底门 bottom door底模 bottom die底漆 base lacquer, primer底漆层 prime coat底色 dead color底视图 bottom view, backplan底涂层 base coat底座

42、 base, base frame, footing, pedestal底座线脚 base molding抵抗 withstand抵抗力矩 moment of resistance地板 boarding, floor board地层的下层 understratum地产 landed property, real estate地带 belt, terrain, zone地方法规 local code, by-law地基 bed soil, subgrade, ground base, ground地基承载力 ground bearing pressure, ground bearing capa

43、city地基处理 base treatment, ground treatment地基勘察（探） soil investigation, soil exploration, subsoil investigation地基梁 ground beam地基条件（情况） subsoil condition地基土 subsoil地脚板 base plate地脚螺栓 anchor bolt, ground bolt， barb bolt地块 plot地块滑坍 blockglide地沥清 albanite地龙墙 sleeper wall地漏 catch basin for drainage, floor d

44、rain地锚 anchor地面 grade, ground, floor地面标高 ground level, ground elevation, grade地面排水 surface drainage地面排水沟 area drain, land drain地面坡度 surface slope地面水 surface water地面斜坡 slope of ground地面以下 below ground地面砖 floor brick, floor tile地皮草 carpet herb地平经度 azimuth地坪 ground elevation地坪标高 grade level, ground ele

45、vation地势 terrain地下暗河 buried river地下的 underground地下防空洞 buried shelter地下管线 underground pipeline地下排水 sewage discharge, underdrainage地下设施 infrastructure, underground facilities地下室 basement地下水 subsoil water, subsurface water, underground water地下水位 ground water table, level of ground water, underground wa

46、ter level地下铁道（英） underground地下通道 underground free way地下巷道 underworkings地形 land forms, topography, configuration, terrain地震 earthquake, quake地震波 seismic wave地震等级 earthquake magnitude地震反应谱 earthquake-response spectrum地震荷载 seismic load, earthquake load地震活动性 seismicity地震基本烈度 seismic basic intensity地震加速度

47、 earthquake acceleration, seismic acceleration地震力 earthquake force, seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity, seismic intensity地震烈度区划图 map of seismic intensity zoning地震设计 seismic design地震设计烈度 seismic design intensity地震效应 earthquake effect地震震源 centrum地质勘查 geological exploration地质勘察 geotechnical investi

48、gation地质年代 geological age递变截面梁 tapered beam递变截面柱 tapered column第一主应力 major principal stress颠倒 bottom-up点焊 point welding, spot weld电厂厂区布置图 arrangement drawing of the power plant area电厂厂区地下设施布置 arrangement of the underground facilities for the power plant area电除尘配电室 ESP. switchgear room电动扶梯 escalator电

49、镀的 galvanic电工 electrician电弧焊 arc welding电弧焊机 arc welding set电弧溶化 arc melting电缆沟 cable trench电缆管道 culvert电缆隧道 cable tunnel电木 bakelite电气配电室 electrical switchgear room电梯 elevator电梯顶楼 lift penthouse电梯间（井） hoistway, lift well, elevator shaft电梯箱 cage垫板 backing strip, packing, bed piece垫层 bed course, beddi

50、ng, belting course垫层砂浆 bedding mortar垫高 block up垫块 bolster, cushion block垫木 bed timber, chock垫片 back-up plate, spacer, shim, gasket垫圈 washer垫枕 bolster垫砖 cheese雕刻 carve, chase, engraving, enchase雕镂 enchase吊材 suspension rod吊车额定起吊荷重 crane rated capacity load吊车荷载 crane load吊车梁 crane girder吊车竖向冲击荷载 crane

51、 vertical impact load吊车水平刹车力 crane thrust吊车最大轮压 crane maximum wheel pressure, maximum wheel load吊灯 pendant lamp吊顶 furred ceiling, hung ceiling, suspended ceiling吊杆 boom, suspension rod吊钩 hanger, hook, lift hook吊架 hanger frame吊筋 suspender吊篮 swinging scaffold, swinging stage, cradle scaffold吊起 hang吊索

52、suspension rod, suspender cable吊线（铅锤线使砌墙面保持铅直） plumb吊装 erection, hoisting吊装间 loading bay调车场 railway-yard调车线 shunting track调节杆 adjusting rod调节联杆 adjusting link调节螺母 adjusting nut调节装置 adjusting device调整杆 adjusting rod调整健 adjusting key调整螺钉 adjusting screw调整螺母 adjusting nut调整锲块 adjusting wedge跌水 water drop叠层 laminate叠层木材 laminated timber叠加 superposi