汽车实用英语考试指导

1、汽车实用英语考试指导第一题英译汉：主要参考汽车专业英语教程266页汽车专业缩略语和276页汽车专业词语。做题方法是按照字母顺序在书中寻找第二题阅读理解：名 称题型答案4-stroke spark-ignition engine P6选择230页Lubrication system P23判断231页Cooling system P36选择231页Ignition system P51选择232页Starting & charging system P66选择232页Fuel system P82判断233页Intake & exhaust system P98选择234页EFI engine

2、management P115判断235页Emission control P129判断235页Transmission P144判断236页Heating & air-conditioning P160判断237页ABS system P175判断238页SRS system P190判断238页Hybrid P205判断239页做题步骤：1 根据题型结合文章大致内容确定文章出处2 看清题目内容，比较文章出处的题目内容3 根据答案所在页数选择正确答案第三题选择题这部分内容主要参考电大汽车实用英语形考作业中的选择题，一定要选择正确的选项。提示：试卷中的ABCD选项有可能和形考不一样，考生应该看

3、选项内容而不是选项字母！第四题选词填空选词内容出处答案1. ignite 2. compression 3. repeat 4. expand 5. exhaust 6. chamber 7. mixture 8. leftover 9. deliver 10. revolveP6P2301.release 2. friction 3. lubrication 4. separate 5. bolt 6. application 7. expose 8. relief 9. spurt 10 distributeP22P2311. convert 2. impeller 3. depend o

4、n 4. warm-up 5. regulate6. generate 7. in most cases 8. in addition 9. consist of 10. mountP37P2311. attach 2. insulation 3. inject 4. function 5. integral 6. endure 7. sequence 8. tension 9. manufacturer 10. assemblyP52P2321. auxiliary 2. terminal 3. magnetic 4. characteristic 5. indicator 6. frame

5、 7. permanent 8. restrict 9. induce 10. associateP67P2321.reliability 2. identification 3. calibration 4. comply 5. extreme 6. quantity 7. individual 8. contract 9. determine 10. overloadP82P2331. shield 2. install 3. suppress 4. frequency 5. by-product 6. break up 7. absorb 8. minimum 9. ambient 10

6、. replaceP99P2341.diagnostic 2.bypass 3.absolute 4. idle 5. meter 6.detect 7. mass 8. adjustment 9. panel 10. malfunctionP115P2351. illuminate 2. regardless of 3. compatible 4. atmosphere 5. legislate6. intermittent 7. inform 8. communication 9. scan 10.supersedeP129P2391. mails 2. powder 3. transmi

7、ssion 4. generate 5. magnetic 6. continuously 7. rotation 8. pulleys 9. extremes 10. hydraulicP144P2361. volume 2. switches 3. chamber 4. joints 5. drillings 6. compartment 7. revolution 8. refrigerant 9. contains 10. thermalP160P2371. manufacturer 2. slippery 3.circiut 4. executes 5.automatic6.appr

8、opriate 7. release 8. hydraulic 9. commands 10.transmitP175P2381. deploy 2. restraint 3. determine 4. inflation 5. capacitor 6. expelled 7. equip 8. distribute 9. predetermine 10. mountP190P2391. upwards 2. combustion 3. disconnect 4. parallel 5. specialized 6. generator 7. conventionally 8. rotated

9、 9. remove 10. simultaneouslyP206P2391. flexibility 2. accurately 3. vehicle 4. interfere 5. available 6. navigation 7. electronic8. reference 9. determine 10. continuallyP221P240做题步骤：1 根据考试试题单词确定单词的出处，先在这张纸上圈出考试单词2 在书中找到与试题单词一致的页数，寻找与试题相同的短句3 根据书后答案填写正确的单词形式提示：在书中会出现同一单词出现几遍的现象，请考生先将所有相同单词标出，根据句子确定

10、选择哪页哪单词，最后再做考题！第五题看图题：（电大教材）填图出处空格数P278P308P348P4212P50 有两个图10 和 8P558P6211P6713P698P8115P8612P1007P1027P1178P12910做题步骤：1 看清试卷中看图题有几个需要填写的单词2 根据上面表格所给出的表格数在汽车实用英语电大教材中选择空格数相同的图3 对比书和试卷确定图的出处4 正确填写第六题翻译：1) At the end of the second stroke, the mixture is compressed in the top part of the cylinder(the

11、combustion chamber) into a space approximately eight or nine times as small as the space at the beginning of the stroke. 在第二冲程末期,混合气在气缸顶部(燃烧室)受到压缩,其空间大小大约是冲程开始的1/81/9.2) During the four-stroke cycle ,therefore ,the crankshaft revolves through two full revolutions (720) before one cycle has been comp

12、leted. 因此，在四冲程循环过程中一个循环完成前曲轴旋转了两周。3） During the compression stroke of an engine cycle, the volume of mixture drawn into the cylinder (the swept volume ) is compressed into a small space above the piston when piston reaches the top of the cylinder. 在发动机循环的压缩冲程中,当活塞到达气缸顶部时吸入气缸的混合气的体积(工作容积) 被压缩成活塞顶部的一个

13、狭小的空间.4) The mixture continues to be forced into the cylinder until the piston reaches BDC. At this approximate position the inlet valve is made to close.混合气继续被迫使进入气缸直到活塞到达下止点.在接近下止点时下止点关闭.5) An engine will run with the four basic systemsfuel, lubricating, and cooling.发动机在四个基本系统上运转燃油供给系、点火系、润滑系和冷却系。

14、6) The complete cycle of an engine requires four piston strokes: intake, compression power, and exhaust. 发动机完整的循环要求有活塞的四个冲程：进气、压缩、做功、排气。7) The cycle of operation of the four-stoke engine begins with the piston at TDC and the intake valve open. 四冲程发动机的工作循环是以活塞在上止点、进气门打开为开始的.8) The second stoke causes

15、 an upward motion of the piston.第二个冲程使得活塞向上运动.9) The volume of air/fuel mixture to fill a single cylinder during its induction stroke can be calculated from the measurements of the cylinder. 进气冲程中空气燃料混合气充满单个气缸时的体积可以通过测量气缸计算得到.10) Most automotive engines operate on four-stroke principle. 大多数汽车发动机是以四冲

16、程原理工作的.1) This pressure rise is so great that a force is exerted upon the top of the piston that is sufficient to force the piston all the way down the cylinder.压力的大幅度升高使得作用在活塞顶部的力足够大，从而迫使活塞一直延气缸下行.2) The engine has many moving parts. These parts must be lubricated adequately in order for the engine

17、 to operate correctly.发动机有许多运动部件。为了使得发动机正常运行，这些部件必须充分润滑.3) The lubrication system is designed to supply lubricant, the oil, to all the moving parts of the engine to separate their surfaces, reduce friction, and act as a coolant and detergent. 润滑系统把润滑机油输送到发动机的所有部件，机油讲各个部件的表面隔开，减少摩擦，并起到冷却剂和清洁剂的作用.4) L

18、ubrication oil is designed to do four major things within the engine. These are cool, clean, lubricate and seal various parts within the engine.机油在发动机中主要有四个功能：冷却、清洁、润滑、密封发动机内的许多部件.5) As the lubricating oil passes over a hot engine part, it removes a certain amount of heat.当机油经过发动机的热的部件时，它将带走一定量的热量.6

19、) This heat is transferred to the crankcase. Here the heat is dissipated.热量传递曲轴箱并散发热量.7) While this rapid burning of the gas takes place, a large increase in temperature along with an increase in pressure occurs.当气体快速燃烧时，温度和压力大幅度升高.8) Lubricating oil comes directly in contact with vital internal mov

20、ing engine parts.机油直接与发动机内部的重要的运动部件接触.9) Lubricating oil is designed to effectively carry away the excess heat being produced.机油有效地带走发动机多余的热量.10) Lubricating oil is used in gasoline and diesel engines for many purposes.润滑剂机油应用于汽油机和柴油机中，它有多种功能.1) The coolant picks up heat and carries it away. The act

21、ion prevents the engine from getting too hot.冷却剂获得热量并将其带走。这种动作可以防止发动机变得太热。2) Burning of the air-fuel mixture raises the temperature inside the engine cylinders up to several thousand degrees.混合气流的燃烧提升了发动机气缸内几千度的温度。3) The engine has openings, or spaces surrounding the cylinders. These spaces are call

22、ed water jackets.发动机在汽缸周围有些开口或空洞，这些洞称为水套。4) It is cleared out of the cylinders after combustion is completed.在燃烧完成后排气被排出气缸。5) After the hot oil drops down into the oil pan, the oil gives up some of this heat to the air passing under the oil pan.在热的机油流回油底壳后，机油将这些热量释放到流过油底壳的空气中。6) Some of this heat pr

23、oduces the high pressure that moves the pistons to produce power.一些热量产生高压来驱动活塞从而产生动力7) Some of the heat leaves the cylinders with the exhaust gas.一些热量与排气一起排出了气缸8) The exhaust gas is what is left after the air-fuel mixture burns.排气是指空气燃油混合气燃烧后所剩下的东西9) Coolant, a mixture of water and antifreeze, circu

24、lates through these water jackets.冷却剂，是水和防冻液的混合物，在这些水套中循环10) The rest of the heat is removed by the cooling system.其余的热由冷却系统带走1) The ignition system is designed to produce an electrical high-voltage spark (approximateiy2000050000 volts) at each spark plug within the combustion chamber at a precise m

25、oment of time and in the correct cylinder order.点火系统能在精确时刻、以按正确的气缸顺序依次在燃烧室中的火花塞上产生一个高压的电火花（大约2000050000V）。2) The conventional ignition system consists of the battery, the ignition switch, the ignition coil, the distributor, the capacitor (condenser), the spark plug and wiring.传统的点火系统由蓄电池、点火开关、点火线圈、分

26、电器、电容器、火花塞和电线组成。3) The ignition circuit can conveniently be divided into two parts. One park is known as the primary windings (low-tension circuit) and the other part is the secondary windings (high-tension circuit).点火回路按惯例可分成两部分，一部分是初级线圈 （低压回路），另一部分是次级线圈（高压回路）。4) The spark plug must form a good sea

27、l inside the cylinder head to avoid leakage of without the high-tension current shorting-out.火花塞必须在汽缸盖内形成良好密封以防止燃烧过程气体高压泄露，并且能够继续工作而且高压电路没有短路。5) As a result, combustion occurs before the piston reaches TDC and the expanding gases will attempt to the push the piston back on its compression stoke, giv

28、ing less power.结果，在活塞到达上止点前燃烧开始了，这样在压缩冲程由于燃烧而膨胀的气体会反推活塞，导致功率降低。6) The ignition system takes the low voltage of the battery and builds it up to a very high voltage-as high as 30000 volts in some system.点火系统利用了蓄电池的低电压，并将低电压增大至一个非常高的高电-在一些系统中高达30000V。7) The oil gets between the metal parts so they slid

29、e on the oil ,and not on each other.机油进入金属件之间，这样金属件在机油上滑动而不是在其表面相互滑动。8) An oil pump, driven by the engine, sends oil from this reservoir through the engine.机油泵由发动机驱动，它将机油从油底壳输送到整个发动机。9) The oil pump continues to circulate the oil as long as the engine is running.只要发动机在运转，机油泵会持续使机油循环。10) This spark i

30、s provided by a high-voltage electrical surge jumping across the gap of the spark plug that is ideally positioned in the combustion chamber.火花是由一个高电压的电涌跳过火花塞间隙而产生的，火花塞是恰当地安装在燃烧室中的。1) The starting system is a type of electrical circuit that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.启动系统是可以将定能

31、转化为机械能的一种电路。2) The typical starting system includes the battery, the starting motor and the solenoid switch (ignition switch), and the cables which connect these components. 典型的启动系统包括蓄电池、启动电机、电磁开关、启动开关（点火开关）和连接电线组成。3) The battery sends current to the starting motor when the driver turns the ignition

32、 switch to START.将点火开关拧到START开时，电池把电流送到启动电机当驾驶员。4) The function of the vehicles battery is to supply electrical energy to many systems and components within the vehicle.汽车蓄电池的功能是为汽车中的许多系统和部件提供电能。5) If the pressure of the refrigerant vapor in the evaporator gets too low, it means that the evaporator

33、is getting too cold and may begin to ice up.如果蒸发器中制冷剂蒸汽的压力变得太低，这就意味着蒸发器太冷，可能开始结冰。6) If the temperature of the vapor leaving the evaporator is too high, it indicates that the evaporator has warmed up too much.如果离开蒸发器的温度太高，表明蒸发器加热太多。7) The starter motor is a simple direct current (DC) motor which has

34、a pinion gear attached to its shaft.启动电机是一个简单的直流电机，在它的轴上有一个小齿轮。8) The motors function is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.电机的功能是将电能转换为机械能。9) The starter motor is the important part of the starting system.启动电机是启动系统一个重要部件。10) The battery is a very important and necessary part of a v

35、ehicle.蓄电池是汽车种十分重要、必要的部件。1) A number of differ types of pump are in use, the most popular being the gear-type pump and eccentric-rotor-type pump.偏心转子泵。泵有许多不同的形式，最常用的是齿轮泵和偏心转子泵。2) Oil must be filtered and cleaned constantly since there are some dirt particles getting into the oil when the engine runs

36、. Therefore, the oil filter must be regularly changed.机油必须经过过滤，保持清洁，因为当发动机运行时有许多脏的颗粒进入机油，因此，机油滤清器必须有规律地更换。3) Without the oil, compression games would escape into the crankcase area, which will make effect on the performance of the engine.如果没有机油，压缩的气体会从曲轴箱溢出，这会对发动机的性能带来影响。 4) As particles of dirt get

37、 into the engine, the lubricating oil helps to remove these parts and send them to an oil filter.当脏的颗粒进入发动机时，机油可以带走这些污垢并把它们输送到机油滤清器。5) After the parts of the engine are lubricated, gravity causes the oil to flow back to the oil pan.在发动机部件被润滑后，在重力的作用下机油流回到油底壳。6) To distribute the oil throughout the e

38、ngine, oil must be pressurized. this is done with an oil pump.为了将机油分送到整个发动机，必须对机油加油。这是有机油泵来完成的。7) The oil pump has the important task of delivering an adequate volume of oil around the engine at a suitable pressure.机油泵一个重要的任务是给发动机提供足够量的、压力适当的机油。8) The oil pump is located in the crankcase so that oil

39、 can be drawn from the oil pan and send into the engine.机油泵位于曲轴箱中，这样可以将机油从油底壳中抽出并送到发动机中。9) If used correctly, lubricating oil can substantially reduce engine wear between two parts.如果正确使用，机油能够充分减少发动机部件的磨损。10) These parts are needed to make the lubrication system operate correctly.这些部件需要使得润滑系统正常运行。1)

40、 Catalytic converters provide the method of treating exhaust gases. Catalytic converters are located in the exhaust system, between the engine and the muffler.催化转换器提供一种处理废气的方法。催化转换器位于排气系统中，在发动机和消声器之间。2) The intake system mainly includes the air filter, intake ducting, the carburetor, and the intake

41、manifold. Some engines have supercharger in the in take system.进气系统主要包括空气滤清器、进气道、化油器和进气歧管。一些发动机在进气系统中有增压器。3) The oil bath air filter has been used for many years on older automobiles. In the oil bath air filter, air is drawn down into the filter and makes a 180 digress turn upward.油浴式空气滤清器已经在老式汽车上应用

42、多年了。在油浴式空气滤清器中，空气进入滤清器，并且向上旋转180。4) The air must pass over a pool of oil. During this turn, some of the heavier dirt particles are thrown off into the oil. These dirt particles settle to the bottom of the air filter housing.空气必须经过一层机油。在空气转向时，一些重的脏的颗粒物进入机油机中，这些颗粒物沉入空气滤清器壳的底部。5) The dry-type air filte

43、r is made of a paper element. This filter permits air to flow into the engine with little resistance. However , it traps and holds contaminants inside the paper.干式空气滤清器由纸制造而成。这种滤清器只允许空气以小阻力流入发动机。然而，它可在纸心捕获和吸附污物。6) When the dry-type air filter becomes plugged with dirt, it is replaced with another fi

44、lter. The dry-type paper-type air filters are generally used on passenger vehicles and small pickup trucks.当干式空气滤清器被污染物堵塞时，要进行更换。干式空气滤清器一般用于客车和小型皮卡车上。7) The exhaust system collects the high-temperature passenger vehicles and small pickup trucks.排气系统收集来自每个燃烧室的高温废气，并且把它们送到汽车的后部而分散。8) The exhaust gas f

45、lows from the exhaust manifold into an exhaust pipe and from there into the catalytic converter.废气从排气歧管流入排气管，进入催化转换器。9) In order to meet these requirements of the engine, the intake system is needed.为了满足发动机的要求，需要进气系统。10) The crank has already turned through a half revolution (180) and the connecting

46、 rod has moved to BDC during the induction stroke.在进气冲程中，曲柄已经旋转了半圈，连杆已经运动到下止点。1) This increases the cylinder volume above the piston, creating a partial vacuum, which is immediately filled with a mixture of petrol and air forced in by atmospheric pressure.这增加了活塞上部的汽缸容积，形成了部分真空度，这样在大气压力下气缸会充满汽油和空气的混合

47、气。2) The oil filter is usually changes at the time that the oil is changes and a typical recommended mileage for these changes is at 1000 km intervals.机油滤清器通常更换的时间与机油更换时间一样，而且典型的推举更换滤清器的里程数是10000 KM。3) Because all oil pumps are positive displacement types, a pressure regulator valve must be used as

48、a safeguard against excessively high oil pressures in the lubrication system.以为所有的机油泵是容积泵，必须使用压力调节阀，防止在润滑系中机油压力过高。4) Fuel tank holds s a supply of fuel. When the fuel is gasoline, the spark-ignition engine is often referred to as a gasoline engine. 燃油箱提供燃料。当燃料是汽油时，火花点燃发动机常常是指汽油发动机。5) For an engine t

49、o operate correctly, air must flow into and out of the engine without restriction.为了使得发动机正常运转，空气必须无阻碍地进出发动机。6) The engine intake and exhaust system are designed to clean the air coming in and reduce the noise coming out.发动机的进排气系统可以进化流入的空气，降低流出空气的噪声。7) Lubricating oil inside the engine produces a fil

50、m on the moving parts.发动机内部的机油在运动部件上形成一层膜。8) This film acts as a protective sealing agent in the vital area.这一层膜对重要区域形成保护密封。9) A battery provides the electric power to operate the starting motor and the ignition system during cranking.在启动时，蓄电池提供电能能使启动电机和点火系运转。10) The mixture becomes highly combustib

51、le, requiring only a spark to ignite it.混合器变的高度易燃，只需要一个火花便可点燃。1) The exhaust system reduces the noise of the burned gases leaving the engine cylinders and carries these exhaust gases safely away from the people in the car.排气系统可以降低从发动机气缸排出的已燃废弃的噪声，并且安全地将这些废气带走使其远离汽车内的人。2) The emission control system

52、is required by law to reduce the air pollution the engine could produce.排放控制系统按法规要求来降低发动机可能产生的空气污染。3) At the beginning of the third stroke of the cycle of operations, the piston is once again at TDC, the crankshaft having turned through one full revolution.在工作循环的第三个冲程开始，活塞再次位于上止点，曲轴已经旋转了一整周。4) With

53、the piston now at BDC and all the gases having been burnt, it is important to remove all the burnt gases from the cylinder on the fourth and final stroke of the cycle of operations.随着活塞现在位于下止点且所有气体已经燃烧，重要的是要在工作循环的第四个即最后一个冲程中将所有的已燃废气从气缸中排出。5) These gases pass through a port and are then led into the

54、exhaust system and pass into the atmosphere.这些废气穿过气口接着被导入排气系统并进入大气。6) The crank has already turned through a half revolution(180)and the connecting rod has moved to BDC during the induction stroke.在进气冲程中，曲柄已经旋转了半周，连杆已经运动到了下止点。7) The space above the piston is now sealed due to the inlet valve closing

55、 and the exhaust valve having already closed.由于进气门关闭、排气门也已关闭，现在活塞上部的空间被密封了。8) This upward motion of the piston causes the petrol/air mixture to be compressed and the result is an increase in pressure and temperature of the mixture.活塞上行使得汽油空气混合气被压缩，结果使得混合气的压力和温度升高。9) Some of the heat leaves the cylin

56、ders with the exhaust gas.一些热量与废气一起排出了气缸。10) The exhaust gas is cleared out of the cylinders after combustion is completed.在燃烧完成后废气被排出气缸。1) The driving member is the pump or impeller because it pumps or impels the fluid toward the other mechanical member, the driven member.主动件是泵论，因为它给其他机械元件即从动件输送液体，这个从动件是涡轮。2) An automatic is a device that provides gear reduction, with resulting multiplication of torque. The gear ranges are automatically