高一英语必修三Unit4Astronomylanguagepoint

1、1.No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.No one knows what he was saying, as it was too hard.仿写：没人明白他在说什么，因为那太难仿写：没人明白他在说什么，因为那太难理解了。理解了。 as在这里表示原因在这里表示原因, 意思是意思是“因为因为” As he was ill, he needed more help. 2.However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe be

2、gan with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.1) widely accepted 被广泛接受的被广泛接受的2) begin with=start with：“以以开始开始”. The class begins with an interesting story.to begin with =to start with“首先首先;最初最初”，在句，在句中作时间状语中作时间状语.e.g. To begin / start with, to keep healthy we need a balanced diet.=Firstl

3、yin all directions 朝四面八方朝四面八方译：译：The enemies ran away in all directions. 敌人四处逃窜。敌人四处逃窜。direction n.方向，指示方向，指示拓展：拓展： Im terrible with directions. a sense of direction. 在某人的在某人的指导指导下下_ ones direction 方向感方向感under3. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the

4、 dust settled into a solid globe.地球将成为什么样子一直是个谜，直到地球将成为什么样子一直是个谜，直到4538亿年以前这些尘埃凝聚成一个固体球体。亿年以前这些尘埃凝聚成一个固体球体。4. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water

5、began to appear on its surface. 考点考点 what引导的主语从句，第一句引导的主语从句，第一句what 在从句中作在从句中作become的宾语，第二句的宾语，第二句what在从句中作主语。在从句中作主语。考例考例1 _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.（山东（山东 2008）A. ItB. ThisC. WhatD. As点拨点拨选选C。考例考例2 _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place i

6、n Beijing.（福建（福建 2008）A. It B. What C. As D. Which点拨点拨 what引导主语从句并且在从句引导主语从句并且在从句中作中作say and do的宾语。的宾语。1. _（使大家吃惊的是）（使大家吃惊的是）is that he didnt come to the meeting. What surprised everybody 2. _（他所做的）（他所做的）added to our difficulty. What he did 仿写仿写: 李老师明天将去北京，直到那时才能李老师明天将去北京，直到那时才能知道谁将代替她给我们上课。知道谁将代替她给

7、我们上课。_Who will give us lessons in place of Miss Li isnt known until tomorrow when she will go to Beijing.5.The earth became so violent that it was notclear whether the solid shape would last or not. 地球开始变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是地球开始变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续下去。否会继续下去。 last vi. 持续持续 好天气只持续了几天。好天气只持续了几天。 The fine

8、weather only lasted for a few days. 友谊长存友谊长存 Friendship lasts forever.引导宾语从句既可以用引导宾语从句既可以用whether, 也可以用也可以用if, 两者常可以互换。两者常可以互换。 He asked me whether / if I could lend him my bike. Could you tell us whether / if it snows in winter in Australia? whether和和if都可以和都可以和or not连用连用, 但是但是whether之后可以直接跟之后可以直接跟o

9、r not, 而而if则则不能不能 whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语可以引导从句作介词的宾语, 而而if则不能则不能 whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用可以直接跟动词不定式连用, 而而if则不能则不能在个别动词之后在个别动词之后, 如如discuss 等等, 只跟用只跟用whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句引导主语从句引导主语从句 (包括从句在句首的包括从句在句首的位置位置) 应当用应当用whether, 不用不用if, 如：如： Whether it is true remains a problem. Whether he will come, I am not sure.

10、引导表语从句用引导表语从句用whether, 不用不用if, 如如: The question is whether you should accept it. The question is whether he will speak at the meeting. 引导同位语从句用引导同位语从句用whether, 不用不用if, 如如: The question whether hell attend the meeting is essential. I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan. 【模拟翻译】【模拟翻译】不知道她是否能

11、成功地通过驾驶考不知道她是否能成功地通过驾驶考试。试。Its not clear whether she will pass the driving test.1.(08石家庄市高中毕业班复习教学质量检测石家庄市高中毕业班复习教学质量检测) We all know there are a lot of troubles in our lives，but a successful life depends onthey control us or we control them. A.thatB.whether C.howD.which 2.(05天津天津2)Elephants have the

12、ir own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.A./ B. whether C.how D.what3. (09浙江浙江12)Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport? No problem.A. When B. that C. whetherD. what高考链接高考链接BBB7. It loudly with fire and rock.【探究】【探究】 The bomb exploded in Iraq last n

13、ight. The children exploded into/with laughter. The citys population has exploded in the last few years. 【拓展】【拓展】adj. explosive 爆炸性的爆炸性的 n. explosion 爆炸爆炸 Unemployment became an _ issue (一个爆炸性问一个爆炸性问题题). the theory of population _: 人口大爆炸理论人口大爆炸理论v. 爆炸，炸开爆炸，炸开v.（指感情）迸发（指感情）迸发 (=burst into)v.（指人口）突然或迅

14、速增加（指人口）突然或迅速增加explosiveexplosion8. They were to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere. 最终最终/迟早迟早(=finally/sooner or later)译译: 我迟早会回来的我迟早会回来的. Ill come back in time. 及时；不迟及时；不迟(=not late)A. 她会及时回来准备晚餐她会及时回来准备晚餐. She will be back _ _ _ prepar

15、e dinner.B. 你认为我们能及时赶上火车吗你认为我们能及时赶上火车吗? Do you think we can get there _ _ _ the train?in time toin time for拓展：与拓展：与time相关的短语相关的短语: on time _ at times _ in no time _ once upon a time _ kill time _ from time to time ahead of time take ones time准时准时有时有时;偶尔偶尔立刻；马上立刻；马上从前从前消磨时间消磨时间不时地不时地提前提前别着急；慢慢来别着急；慢慢

16、来1._， I lost heart in English learning，but my teacher often said to me，“Keep on studying hard, and youll succeed_.”AAt a time；in timeBAt a time；on timeCAt one time；in time DAt one time；on timeC2(2009年江西景德镇模拟年江西景德镇模拟)Does he often ask you for help?Oh，no，only_.Aall the time Bat one timeCat a time Dat

17、timesD3I am afraid I cant return the book to you before Friday._.ADont be afraid BBe carefulCNot at all DTake your timeD(L.13)which were to make the earths 大气层大气层 会谈会谈在友好的气氛下在友好的气氛下进行。进行。 The talk was conducted in a friendly atmosphere.9. as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surfac

18、e. 随着地球的冷却随着地球的冷却, 地球的表面就开始出现了地球的表面就开始出现了水。水。1) cool down 变凉变凉, 冷却冷却,平息平息, 冷静冷静晒了一天的太阳之后晒了一天的太阳之后, 他喜欢在海水中凉快他喜欢在海水中凉快一下。一下。After a day in the sun, he liked to_ in the sea.他的话平息了她的怒气。他的话平息了她的怒气。His words _ her anger. cool downcooled down appear “出现出现, 似乎似乎”，不及物动词，不及物动词 “似乎似乎, 好像好像” 系动词系动词, 该词无被动该词无被动

19、语态。语态。 Our teacher appeared on TV this morning.10.Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later. unlike prep. dislike v. likely adj. unlikely adj.11. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. 水会对于生

20、命的发展起关键作用水会对于生命的发展起关键作用, 这一点在当这一点在当时并不太明显。时并不太明显。fundamental adj.基础的，基本的基础的，基本的 12. The continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into oceans and seas. harmful adj. _ be harmful to对对有害有害e.g. Smoking is harmful to your health. =Smoking _ _ _ your health.【拓展】【拓展

21、】 harmless _ 联想：联想：useless, helpless, homeless, There is no harm in reading more books.There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没有坏处做某事没有坏处 无害的无害的does harm to=do harm toThe harm the modern farming methods have done _ the countryside is considerable. A.on B.to C.at D.for 解析解析 do harm to sb./sth.为固定短语为固定短语,意为

22、意为 “对对有害有害”，且，且“the modern farming. countryside”为定语从句修饰为定语从句修饰harm。故选。故选B项。项。 B13. This produced a chain reaction which made it possible for life to develop. 译译:这产生了这产生了_，使生命的发展，使生命的发展_. 注注: (形式宾语形式宾语) (真正的宾语真正的宾语)连锁反应连锁反应 成为可能成为可能BBG Learning Machineeasylearn English BBG learning machine makes it e

23、asy for students to learn English.students The foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. ” (2004BJ) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (NMET2004) A. this B. that C. it D. one Why dont you bring

24、_ to his attention that you are too busy to do it? A. this B. that C. what D. it Was it at the school _ was named after a hero _ he spent his childhood? A. which ; that B. where; where C. that; where D. which; whereDDC组长让我们可以一起合作组长让我们可以一起合作.The group leader_老师让他们容易地明白那个问题老师让他们容易地明白那个问题.The teacher _

25、.made it possible for us to work together.made it easy for them to understand the question14.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. multiply v. 乘乘,增加增加,繁殖繁殖蚊子在夏天繁殖得很快蚊子在夏天繁殖得很快.Mosquitoes multip

26、ly rapidly in summer. 2) encourage v. 鼓励鼓励,促进促进encourage sb. to do sth老师鼓励我们课后多做英语练习老师鼓励我们课后多做英语练习.The teacher encourages us to do more exercise after class. 1（10四川四川10）After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere2. 1

27、0全国全国24） As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_ is named after his grandfather. A.which B. where C. what D. that 15.Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water. 另外一另外一些叫作两栖动物些叫作两栖动物,它们既能在陆地上生活它们既能在陆地上生活也能在水里生存也能在水里生存. as well as 表示表示“(除除.之外之外)也也; 既既又又”. 如如:

28、Im learning French as well as English.我学英语之外还学法语我学英语之外还学法语.He grows flowers as well as vegetables.他既种菜也种花他既种菜也种花.“就远原则就远原则”：He as well as I _ (like) rock music.I as well as he_(like) rock music.likeslike16.They produced young generally by laying eggs.它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的.lie, lie , lay 的区别

29、如下的区别如下:动词原形第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词中文释义 lie lies撒谎撒谎;谎话谎话 lie lies躺躺; 位位于于 lay lays放置放置; 下蛋下蛋liedliedlyinglaylainlyinglaidlaidlayingThey produced young generally by laying eggs. Its generally believed that一般认为一般认为 generally speaking 一般而言，概括来说一般而言，概括来说 1) Its generally believed that girls work harder than

30、boys do. 2) Generally speaking, women cry more easily than men. The naughty boy _ to me that the hen that _ there just now had _ two eggs the day before.A. laid; laid; laid B. laid; lay; lainC. lied; laid; lain D. lied; lay; laid17. (L.40) They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 14

31、0 million years. Could life exist in the desert? _ There exists a beautiful garden in our School. = There _ a beautiful garden in our School.【拓展】【拓展】 n. existence:存在存在 搭配搭配: come into existence = come into being 开始存在、成立开始存在、成立 译译: When did this world come into existence?Attention：exist 不用进行时态！不用进行时态

32、！存在存在isThere exist = There be (某处存在某处存在/有有)exist on/by 靠靠为生为生It was impossible for them to _such a small income.People do not now believe in the_of ghosts.Abirth BevidenceCexistence Doccurrence解析解析：选选C。考查名词辨析。考查名词辨析。birth“出出生生”；evidence“证据证据”；existence“存存在在”；occurrence“发生发生”。句意：如今。句意：如今人们不信有鬼存在。由句意知

33、应选人们不信有鬼存在。由句意知应选C。exist on18.These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produce milk to feed them. be different from 与与不同不同 give birth to 1) 生（孩子）生（孩子） Shes just given birth to a healthy baby girl. 她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。 2) 产生产生

34、 The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel. 这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。小说的诞生。spread, spread, spread（1）vi. （消息等）传开，流传（消息等）传开，流传。如：。如：The news spread through the school very quickly.The fire spread from the factory to the house nearby.19. small clever animals, now with h

35、ands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. （2）v. “使伸展，延伸，张开使伸展，延伸，张开”，常，常与与out连用连用。He spread out his arms to welcome us.I spread a new cloth on the table.我在餐桌上铺上一条新桌布。我在餐桌上铺上一条新桌布。他张开手臂欢迎我们。他张开手臂欢迎我们。20. (L.41) Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. Peter成为了一个经理，而成为了一个经理，

36、而Jack仍然是个工人。仍然是个工人。 Peter became a manager, but Jack remained _ _. 尽管外面很冷，房间里尽管外面很冷，房间里还是那么暖和还是那么暖和。 Though it is cold outside, the room remained _. 他不得不他不得不继续住在医院，继续住在医院，直到身体好转。直到身体好转。 He had to remain _ _ until he was better. 虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下，虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下，她还是站着她还是站着。 Though we repeatedly asked her t

37、o sit down, she remained _. 他们他们仍然被锁在仍然被锁在房间里。房间里。 They remained _ in the room. a workerwarm in hospitallockedstanding2) remain作作vi(不及物动词不及物动词) 表示表示“留下；剩下留下；剩下” e.g. They went, but I remained. 表示某事表示某事“尚待、有待于以后被处置尚待、有待于以后被处置”，后，后加加“to be done.”e.g. One problem remains _(solve).e.g. That remains _(pr

38、ove).3) remains: n. 表示表示“遗迹；剩余物遗迹；剩余物”e.g. The remains of the supper were taken away. 4）remaining: adj. “剩余的剩余的” to be solved to be provedHaving a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen2. The lady said s

39、he would buy a gift for her daughter with the_.A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars3. It was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the teahouse.A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted4. Please remain _ until the plane has come

40、to a complete stop.A. to seat B. to be seatedC. seating D. seated21. Thus, they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.译译: When it is in my turn, I am too excited to speak.【拓展】【拓展】 in turn: 依次；依次；反过来反过来 ( in return-作为回报作为回报) take turns to do/doing sth.: 轮流做某事轮流做某事 turn _: 调小音量；调小音量；拒绝拒绝 turn _: 调大音量；调大音量；出现出现 turn _: (使使)变成敌人变成敌人downupagainst The help we give to others will _ turn give ourselves pleasure. He said that he would die than to turn _ his country. He tried to join the army but was turne