考研英语翻译专项试题及答案

1、考研英语翻译专项试题及答案翻译一Wisdom born of experience should tell us that war is obsolete.(46)There may have been a time when war served as a negative good by preventing the spread and growth of an evil force, but the destructive power of modern weapons eliminates even the possibility that war may serve any goo

2、d at all. In a day when vehicles hurtle through outer space and guided ballistic missiles carve highways of death through the stratosphere, no nation can claim victory in war. A so-called limited war will leave little more than a calamitous legacy of human suffering, political and spiritual disillus

3、ionment. A world war will leave only smoldering ashes as mute testimony of a human race whose folly led inexorably to ultimate death. (47)If modern man continues to toy unhesitatingly with war, he will transform his earthly habitat into a hell such as even the mind of Dante (但丁) could not imagine.(4

4、8)Therefore I suggest that the philosophy and strategy of nonviolence becomes immediately a subject for study and for serious experimentation in every field of human conflict, by no means excluding the relations between nations. It is, after all, nation states, which make war, which have produced th

5、e weapons that threaten the survival of mankind and which are both genocidal and suicidal in character.We have ancient habits to deal with, vast structures of power, indescribably complicated problems to solve.(49)But unless we resign our humanity altogether and yield to fear and impotence in the pr

6、esence of the weapons we have ourselves created, it is as possible and as urgent to put an end to war and violence between nations as it is to put an end to poverty and racial injustice.I do not minimize the complexity of the problems that need to be faced. (50)But I am convinced that we shall not h

7、ave the will, the courage and the insight to deal with such matters unless in this field we are prepared to undergo a mental and spiritual re-evaluation, a change of focus which will enable us to see that the things that seem most real and powerful are indeed now unreal and have come under sentence

8、of death. We need to make a supreme effort to generate the readiness, indeed the eagerness, to enter into the new world, which is now possible, “the city which hath foundation, whose Building and Maker is God”.答案46.也许曾经有一段时间，战争通过阻止邪恶势力的扩张和发展而成为负面的善举，但现代武器的巨大破坏力消除了战争成为善举的任何可能性。47.如果现代人继续毫无顾忌地玩弄战争，他将使

9、现世的生存环境变成但丁的心灵都无法想像的地狱。48.因此，我建议将非暴力的哲学和策略立即定为一个研究课题，并在人类冲突的各个领域，不排除在国与国的关系中，进行认真的实验。49.但是除非我们完全丧失人性，并在自己制造的武器面前完全陷入恐惧和无能，那么结束国家之间的战争和暴力与结束贫穷和种族歧视同样具有可能性和紧迫性。50.但是我坚信，除非我们在这方面准备进行一次精神和灵魂的重新评估，改变关注点，以使我们看到，表面上最现实、最强大的东西其实是最不现实、已经被宣判死刑的东西，我们将不会有意志、勇气和远见来处理这些事情。总体分析这是一篇关于战争的文章。文中谈到了战争的危害性，以及如何防御战争的问题。第

10、一段：首先指出战争是过时的，接着讲述随着现代科学技术的进步，战争的危害更大了，甚至会导致整个人类的死亡。第二段：作者提出了建议性的解决办法，即将非暴力的哲学和策略定为研究课题。第三段：指出终止国家之间的战争与暴力具有可能性和紧迫性。第四段：重申了制止战争的可能性，即战争是最不现时、已经被宣判死刑的东西。翻译二Gandhis pacifism can be separated to some extent from his other teachings. (46)Its motive was religious, but he claimed also for it that it was a

11、 definite technique, a method, capable of producing desired political results. Gandhis attitude was not that of most Western pacifists. Satyagraha, (47)the method Gandhi proposed and practiced, first evolved in South Africa, was a sort of nonviolent warfare, a way of defeating the enemy without hurt

12、ing him and without feeling or arousing hatred. It entailed such things as civil disobedience, strikes, lying down in front of railway trains, enduring police charges without running away and without hitting back, and the like. Gandhi objected to “passive resistance” as a translation of Satyagraha:

13、in Gujuruti, it seems the word means “firmness in the truth.” (48)In his early days Gandhi served as a stretcher-bearer on the British side in the Boer War, and he was prepared to do the same again in the war of 1914-1918. Even after he had completely renounced violence he was honest enough to see t

14、hat in war it is usually necessary to take sides. Since his whole political life centred round a struggle for national independence, he could not and, (49)indeed, he did not take the fruitless and dishonest line of pretending that in every war both sides are exactly the same and it makes no differen

15、ce who wins. Nor did he, like most Western pacifists, specialize in avoiding awkward questions. In relation to the war, one question that every pacifist had a clear obligation to answer is: “What about the Jews? Are you prepared to see them exterminated?”(50)I must say that I have never heard, from

16、any Western pacifist, an honest answer to this question, though I have heard plenty of evasions, usually of the “youre another” type. But it so happens that Gandhi was asked a somewhat similar question in 1938 and his answer was on record in Mr. Louis Fishers Gandhi and Stalin. According to Mr. Fish

17、er, Gandhis view was that the German Jews ought to commit collective suicide, which “would have aroused the world and the people of Germany to Hitlers violence.”答案46.其动机是宗教性质的，但他也说这是一种明显的技巧，一种方法，它可以产生预期的政治效果。47.这个由甘地提出并付诸实践的方法，最早起源于南非，是一种非暴力的斗争方式，用既不伤害对方又不会引发仇恨的手段打败敌人。48.早年间，在布尔战争期间甘地曾经为英方抬过担架，而且在19

18、14-1918年战争期间他又准备这么做。49.而且也确实没有采取毫无意义的.、不诚实的态度，假装说在所有战争中参战双方完全一样，因而谁获得胜利都无所谓。50.我必须说，我从未从任何一个西方和平主义者那里听到过对该问题的诚实的答复，但是却听大了大量的躲闪之词，通常都是“你是另外一回事”之类的回答。总体分析本文是一篇介绍甘地的和平主义的文章。文章先介绍了甘地的和平主义的性质、来源、具体形式等。接着指出了甘地作为和平主义者的独特之处：首先，他虽然反对暴力，但并不否认战争的立场;其次，他不躲避回答棘手的问题。本文考查的知识点：后置定语、插入语、it做形式主语的主语从句等。翻译三There is no

19、question that science-fiction writers have become more ambitious, stylistically and thematically, in recent years. (46) But this may have less to do with the luring call of academic surroundings than with changing market conditionsa factor that academic critics rarely take into account.Robert Silver

20、berg, a former president of The Science Fiction Writers of America, is one of the most prolific professionals in a field dominated by people who actually write for a living. (Unlike mystery or Western writers, most science-fiction writers cannot expect to cash in on fat movie sales or TV tie-ins.) (

21、47) Still in his late thirties, Silverberg has published more than a hundred books, and he is disarmingly frank about the relationship between the quality of genuine prose and the quality of available outlet. By his own account, he was “an annoyingly verbal young man” from Brooklyn who picked up his

22、 first science-fiction book at the age of ten, started writing seriously at the age of thirteen, and at seventeen nearly gave up in despair over his inability to break into the pulp magazines. (48) At his parents urging, he enrolled in Columbia University, so that, if worst came to worst, he could a

23、lways go to the School of Journalism and “get a nice steady job somewhere”. During his sophomore year, he sold his first science-fiction story to a Scottish magazine named Nebula. By the end of his junior year, he had sold a novel and twenty more stories. (49) By the end of his senior year, he was e

24、arning two hundred dollars a week writing science fiction, and his parents were reconciled to his pursuit of the literary life. “I became very cynical very quickly,” he says. First I couldnt sell anything, then I could sell everything. The market played to my worst characteristics. An editor of a schlock magazine would call up to tell me he had a ten-thousand-word hole to fill in his next issue. Id fill it overnight for a hundred and fifty dollars. I found t