British disease

1、England was a leader during the process of the worlds development . But after the 20th century, Britain has lost its glory .After the Second World War, the British economy suffered serious wounds. At that time, Britain restored its economic development by depending on America. After being out of Ame

2、ricas control, British economy began to go into a period that it developed its economy by itself.The 30 years from 1945 to 1975 was a slow period that the British economy was troubled deeply by colonial empire dissolves and British disease.所谓“英国病”，是经济学界对20世纪以来英国经济发展长期停滞不前，综合国力持续衰落现象的概括性称谓。“英国病”的症状表现

3、为：“走走停停“的经济增长率、通货膨胀失业并发症与国际收支危机的交织、收入分配与经济效率之间的矛盾、地方经济发展的不平衡性和分权主义日益严重的趋势。由于受经济增长周期的制约，各国的经济发展都会呈现出”走走停停“的特征。但英国病的问题在于，即使在走的时期，英国的经济发展也从未达到国美国、德国、日本的高速度；而在停的时期，英国往往是资本主义世界中最先陷入危机、最迟拜托危机的国家。英国病导致的直接后果是：盘踞世界250多年的英国海上霸权逐渐丧失；称霸全球100多年的英帝国殖民体系日益崩溃；垄断海外市场的工厂地位逐渐丧失；英国在资本主义世界的经济地位不断下降。Firstly, world factor

4、y and the huge colonial empire left Britain with old production department. Secondly, the third industry was full of inflation, and the traditional industry was not caused to prosper for a long time. New industry was lack of competition. Thirdly, fixed capital investment grew slowly, and labor produ

5、ctivity was low .Whats more, they paid more attention on science instead of technology, and they thought foundation was important but not application. The scientific application was not used effectively. Whats more, they paid more attention on science instead of technology, and they thought foundati

6、on was important but not application. The scientific application was not used effectively. In addition , they always obeyed the old rules, and their thoughts were seriously conservative. Their opinions about enterprise management had fallen behind. And British traditional idea with the rating system

7、 was deeply rooted in their nationality. They were cautious about bring in foreign technology. The managers didnt make their workers to participate in the management. Some managers even treated their workers as their enemies. This made the relationships between the Capital and workers become sensiti

8、ve and tense. Last but not least, the Britain implemented the system of high welfare too early. The two parties took turns to hold power. This made the economic policy lack of necessary continuity. It was these reasons that made the British economy grow slowly for a long time.“英国病”的病因：首先，世界工厂和庞大的殖民帝国给英国留下了陈旧的生产部门。其次，第三产业过分膨胀，传统产业长期不振，新兴产业缺乏竞争力。第三，固定资本投资增长缓慢，劳动生产率较低。然后，重科学轻技术，重基础轻应用，科技成果得不到有效应用。除此之外，墨守成规，守旧思想严重，企业管理较落后。英国的门第观念、等级制度根深蒂固，对引进技术审慎、保守。他们不让工人参加管理，有的经理甚至将工人视为仇敌，这导致劳资关系紧张。最后，英国过早实行高福利制度。两党轮