英语：19.1《Language》课件(北师大版选修7)上课讲义

1、Unit19 lesson1English Learning 第一页，共55页。Warming up How long have you been studying English? Is it easy to learn English well? By what ways do you think can improve your English? Why do we learn English? Is it important for us to learn English?第二页，共55页。We can improve our English by :Learning the word

2、s in a dictionaryWatching TV in the languageListening to the music in the languageLearning form the foreign teachers第三页，共55页。The whole structure of the passage. 1st para. :2nd para. and 3rd para. :4th papa. to the last:First readingWhy do we need to learn English?How can we learn it well in terms of

3、 theory?Some practical suggestions第四页，共55页。 Experts recommend doing 2 hours of extra work once a week. Listening to an English song several times can help you revise new vocabulary. FTThe third readingRead the text again and decide whether the statements are true or false第五页，共55页。3. There is no poin

4、t reading the news in English if you have already watched it in your own language.4. Watching your favorite DVD in English will improve your listening skills.FT第六页，共55页。Read the text and answer the following questions. What has made more and more people decide to learn English in recent years ?2. Ac

5、cording to some theories, what is the best way to learn a foreign language?3. How can teachers try to create a rich language environment in the classroom?4. What extra work can you do outside of the classroom?Second reading 第七页，共55页。1. What has made more and more people decide to learn English in re

6、cent years ? The growth of international companies and the great advances in communications have started the trend for learning English.第八页，共55页。2. According to some theories, what is the best way to learn a foreign language? English learners must be surrounded by the language environment.第九页，共55页。3

7、. How can teachers try to create a rich language environment in the classroom? Teachers must make sure that there is an adequate amount of input in the foreign language conveyed to students through various mediums, which means quality language output.第十页，共55页。4. What extra work can you do outside of

8、 the classroom? Setting achievable targets; listening to English songs; watching the news in your own language and then reading an English newspaper; watching DVD; studying with friends; rewarding yourself. 第十一页，共55页。Blank-filling after the third reading. Many people _ in the 1700s that English _ be

9、 the global languages one day, which _ to be the case. With the growing international companies and the great advances in communications, more and more people _ to learn English as the second language. predictedwouldprovedtend第十二页，共55页。And the fact is that speaking more than one language make you _.

10、 People have realized that in the _ of the native language environment, people can not learn it well. In _ words, you have to be _ by the language.stand out/outstanding absenceothersurrounded第十三页，共55页。Sadly, most of the English learners can not live in the native country, which means we can only dep

11、end on our school resources. So teachers have to _ rich language _, which can be _ to students _ various mediums. Since extra-curricula work mayguaranteeinput conveyed through 第十四页，共55页。_ language learning, here are some suggestions to English learners:setting _ targets; listening English songs; wat

12、ching English DVD; Studying with your friends; and rewarding yourself. Please remember to _ dedicated accelerateworkablekeep第十五页，共55页。1. It was predicted as early as the 10700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.早在早在1818世纪人们就预

13、言英语有一天会成为全球性语言，而这世纪人们就预言英语有一天会成为全球性语言，而这一预言在过去的几十年中已经一预言在过去的几十年中已经(y jing)(y jing)得到了证实。得到了证实。It was predictedthatIt was predictedthat这是一个固定句型，这是一个固定句型，it it 为形式主为形式主语，真正的主语是语，真正的主语是thatthat后的从句，该结构常译为：后的从句，该结构常译为：“据预据预言言。”这种结构常可以这种结构常可以(ky)(ky)替换如：替换如：said, reported, said, reported, predictedpredic

14、ted It is predicted that there will be more serious natural destroy the environment. It is said that he was clever at maths even when he was very young.Language Points:第十六页，共55页。2. case 情况情况in that case 如果如果(rgu)那样的话那样的话I am sure that he will say hello to you. In that case, will you feel embarrassed

15、?in case 万一万一Please take this umbrella with you in case of rain.第十七页，共55页。3. In todays world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead.当今世界，要想取得令人瞩目的成就当今世界，要想取得令人瞩目的成就(chngji)，就要会讲至少两种语言，包括英语。就要会讲至少两种语言，包括英语。 Being able to speak more than one

16、language 是动词是动词俄俄ing 形式短语，在句子中作主语。动词的形式短语，在句子中作主语。动词的ing形式可形式可以像名词一样以像名词一样(yyng)充当句子的主语。充当句子的主语。 Being late for school is one of Jims bad habits. Studying abroad is very difficult in the first few months. Traveling far above the clouds in an aeroplane is pleasant experience.第十八页，共55页。4. stand out 鹤立

17、鸡群鹤立鸡群(h l j qn) Tom stands out in our class because he always gets the first in math test. They stood out till victory. stand for stand in stand up他们坚持他们坚持(jinch)到胜利。到胜利。 支持，袖手旁观支持，袖手旁观(xi shu png gun)，准备行动，准备行动 暂时代替暂时代替 站起，起立；耐用站起，起立；耐用 第十九页，共55页。5. But sadly, the chances that we will all have the

18、 opportunity to live in an English speaking country are small.很遗憾很遗憾(yhn)(yhn)的是，很少有人有机会生活在讲英语的国家。的是，很少有人有机会生活在讲英语的国家。 the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English speaking country are small.是是that引导引导(yndo)的同位语从句的同位语从句,that 引导引导(yndo)同位语从句时，同位语从句时，在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分，但不能省略。

19、在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分，但不能省略。 There is a good chance that she will be released without being charged. The news that our team won the football match was encouraging.第二十页，共55页。6. The chances that are small. 的可能性很小。的可能性很小。 The chances that he will be late are quite small. 他迟到他迟到(chdo)的可能性很小。的可能性很小。 The chan

20、ces that parents dont like their children are extremely small.第二十一页，共55页。7. Therefore, most of us have to rely on what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum. 因此学习外语，大部分人还是得靠学校的语言课程因此学习外语，大部分人还是得靠学校的语言课程(kchng)来。来。 what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum是一个由连接代词

21、是一个由连接代词what引导的宾语从句，引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语，意为在从句中作宾语，意为“。的东西。的东西” I am asking you for what made you so crazy? Are you satisfied with what the boss said that just now.第二十二页，共55页。5. Quality input ensures quality output, whether is is speaking or writing. 高质量的输入信息才能保证学生高质量的语言输出，高质量的输入信息才能保证学生高质量的语言输出，不管是说

22、还是写。不管是说还是写。 whether is speaking or writing.是是whether.or引引导的让步状语从句导的让步状语从句(cn j)，意为，意为“不管，不顾不管，不顾” I am sure well see each other again soon, whether here or in Shanghai. 不管在这儿还是在上海，肯定我们很快又会见面不管在这儿还是在上海，肯定我们很快又会见面的。的。第二十三页，共55页。7. inform sb. of/about/ sth./that (1). Vt. give information or knowledge;

23、 tell 通知，告知，报告通知，告知，报告 I informed his wife of his safe arrival. He informed her he was thinking of entering medical school. Keep me informed of/about what rm sb of/about 或或 inform sb +从句从句(cn j)(2). Vi. give evidence or make an accusation against 告发或检举某人告发或检举某人 He informed against the dr

24、ug dealer. Im amazed to hear that she was the one who informed on her husband.第二十四页，共55页。8. stay dedicated 保持保持(boch)专心致志专心致志 stay 为连系动词，意为：保持、维持，和形容词或分为连系动词，意为：保持、维持，和形容词或分词词(fn c)连用连用 She always stays dedicated to her work。 她对工作总是专心致志她对工作总是专心致志 He is a kind of player who always manages to stay coo

25、l, even under pressure 。 他是一名即使在压力下也总是能保持头脑冷静他是一名即使在压力下也总是能保持头脑冷静的球员。的球员。 Just try to stay focused on your own goals right now。 眼下眼下(ynxi)，要努力专注自己的目标。，要努力专注自己的目标。第二十五页，共55页。9. hold the key to 。的关键。的关键(gunjin) The weather holds the key to our success or failure. 10. worth, worthy & worthwhile Wor

26、th 用作形容词，意思是用作形容词，意思是“值得的值得的”，表示，表示“价值价值(jizh)多少多少”时，后接价值时，后接价值(jizh)数量词，表示数量词，表示“值值得得”时，后接名词、代词或动词时，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式，形式，worth 在句在句中作表语时，不能单独使用，通常可用作中作表语时，不能单独使用，通常可用作well来修饰，来修饰，而不用而不用very. This necklace is worth $ 1,000. 这条项链值一千美元。这条项链值一千美元。 That novel is not worth reading. 那本小说不值得一看。那本小说不值得一看。 The

27、 exhibition is well worth a visit. 第二十六页，共55页。Worthy 作形容词，意思是作形容词，意思是“陪得上的，值得的陪得上的，值得的”，在，在句中可作句中可作(k zu)表语和定语。作表语时，不能单独使表语和定语。作表语时，不能单独使用，后面要接用，后面要接of ，再接名词或，再接名词或ing的被动形势，也可以的被动形势，也可以在在worthy 后面直接接动词不定式。作定语时，意思是后面直接接动词不定式。作定语时，意思是“可尊敬的，可信赖的，有价值的可尊敬的，可信赖的，有价值的”。 The place is worthy of a visit. This

28、 novel is not worthy of being read. The scheme is worthy to be considered. The worthy gentleman couldnt even tell wheat from barley. 那位可敬的先生连大麦和小麦都分不清。那位可敬的先生连大麦和小麦都分不清。第二十七页，共55页。Worthwhile 意思是意思是“值得的值得的”，可以单独用作表，可以单独用作表语语(bioy)。通常可用在。通常可用在it is worthwhile 句型中，句型中，后面可接动名词，也可接动词不定式。后面可接动名词，也可接动词不定式。

29、 I dont think it is worthwhile. It is worthwhile discussing/ to discuss the question.第二十八页，共55页。Grammar- Noun ClausesIt was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language.To chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English-speaking country are sm

30、all.subject clause.appositive clause第二十九页，共55页。What this means is that they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English.Experts say that just 15 minutes of extra-curricula study a day can really accelerate foreign language learning.predicative clauseobject clause第三十页，共55页。名词性从句包括名词性从句包

31、括: : 主语从句、宾语从句、表主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句语从句、同位语从句, , 多由连词多由连词(linc)that, wh-(linc)that, wh-疑问词或由疑问词或由whateverwhatever等等关系代词引导关系代词引导, , 其中同位语从句最常见。其中同位语从句最常见。Noun clause Subject clause Object clause Appositive clause Predicative clause第三十一页，共55页。主语主语(zhy)从句在句子中充当主语从句在句子中充当主语(zhy), 句子的谓语动词用第三人称单句子的谓语动词用第三

32、人称单数。数。Why he refused to work with you is still a mystery.Whoever comes is welcome.That he is still alive is surprising. Who will win the match is still unknown.主语主语(zhy)从句从句第三十二页，共55页。What he wants to tell us is not clear.Where the party will be held has not yet been announced.Whoever breaks the ru

33、les will be punished. 第三十三页，共55页。That he became a lawyer may have been due to his mothers influence.It is not true that he has moved to New York. 主语从句前的主语从句前的thatthat不能省略不能省略(shngl), (shngl), 仅起连接作用仅起连接作用, , 有时为了保持句子平衡有时为了保持句子平衡, that, that从句后置从句后置, , 而由而由itit作形式主语。作形式主语。第三十四页，共55页。其他类似其他类似(li s)句型还

34、有：句型还有：It + be +important/ necessary/ obvious + that从句从句It + be +reported/believed/thought/has been decided + that从句从句It + be +a pity/a shame/a fact/a surprise/ common knowledge+ that从句从句It + happens/occurs/seems/appears + that 从从句句第三十五页，共55页。 宾语从句在句子中充当宾语宾语从句在句子中充当宾语, 从句用从句用陈述句语序陈述句语序,一般放在及物动词或介词一般

35、放在及物动词或介词(jic)之后。之后。I dont know where the sound came from.Dont be satisfied with what you have achieved.宾语宾语(bny)从句从句第三十六页，共55页。He has told me (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. He told me (that) he was ill and that he couldnt come.第三十七页，共55页。 command, order, suggest, advise, insist, desire, de

36、mand, beg, require, request等动词如果后面加上宾语从句的等动词如果后面加上宾语从句的话话, 从句谓语部分从句谓语部分(b fen)必须用必须用should do。 I insist that she (should) do her work alone. The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 第三十八页，共55页。 it +从句从句介词介词(jic)+ it +从句从句it +adj. +从句从句it + 介词介词(jic)短语短语 +从句从句it+ n.+从句从句it +过去分词过去分

37、词+从句从句It It 形式形式(xngsh)(xngsh)宾语宾语主语主语(zhy)+谓语谓语第三十九页，共55页。 I hate it when people speak with their mouths full. Ill see to (保证保证(bozhng) it that everything is ready in time. He made it clear that he would leave office soon. We must bear it in mind that we are Chinese.第四十页，共55页。 We thought it a pity

38、that he failed again. I heard it said that he had gone home.第四十一页，共55页。 当从句放在系动词当从句放在系动词be, look, remain, seem等后即构成表语等后即构成表语(bioy)从句。从句。 其基本结构为其基本结构为: 主语主语 + 系动词系动词 + that从句。从句。The trouble is that I have lost his address.It seemed that the night would never end.第四十二页，共55页。The fact is that we have lo

39、st the game.Thats just what I want.This is where our problem lies. That is why he didnt come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain. 第四十三页，共55页。同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句是对与之同位的名同位语从句是对与之同位的名词词(mng c)中心词作进一步解释中心词作进一步解释, 能接同位语从句的常见名词能接同位语从句的常见名词(mng c)有有: idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, o

40、pinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, problem, thought, understanding 等。等。第四十四页，共55页。 The news that we won the game is exciting. I have no idea when he will come back home. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.第四十五页，共55页。The fact that we talked about is very important. (定语定语(dngy)从句从句)The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody. (同位语从句同位语从句)第四十六页，共55页。第四十七页，共55页。Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain.The