2022年10月自考《英语一》讲义Unit01(含课文生词表课后练习及答案)

1、精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -Unit 1 Foreign Language LearningA FAMOUS QUOTEA man who does not know a foreign language is ignorant of his own. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe一个不懂得外语的人，也不会真正明白自己的母语；约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德Johann Wolfgang von Goethe（ 1749-1832 ） , German poet, novelist, playwrigh

2、t, statesman and scientist. Goethe is one of the great figures in the history of German literature and best knowhis two-part poetic dramaFaust , which he started around the age of twenty-three and didn't fin till shortly before his death sixty years later.约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德享年83 岁，德国诗人、剧

3、作家、政治家和科学家；他是德国历史上最宏大的之一；他的最闻名的上下两部诗剧浮士德，从23 岁开头创作直至他临终前完成，耗时近六十年；Speaking Activity Starting a ConversationSample DialogueRead the following conversation. Pay attention to how the speakers greet and introduce each other.Steve: Hi. I don't think we've met. My name's Steve.Jenny: Hi, Steve

4、. Nice to meet you. My name's Juanita, but everybody calls me Jenny. Steve: It's a pleasure to meet you, Jenny.Jenny: Sorry, what was your name again. Steve: Steve.Jenny: So Steve, what do you do for a living.Steve: I work at the public library. How about you. Jenny: I'm a university stu

5、dent.Steve: That's great. So, where do you study.Jenny: Carnegie Mellon University. CMU is a global research university recognized for world class arts and technology programs. It's the best university in the world for my major.Steve: Great for you. It was really nice meeting you. Jenny: Yea

6、h. It was a pleasure meeting you too.注： 卡内基·梅隆高校成立于 1990 年，位于美国宾州的匹兹堡，是一所讨论型的私立高校，也是美国的高校之一；精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -Guided PracticeDirections:Greet a person close to you and introduce yourselves to each other. Use your ow

7、 information. You may use the following tips to help you.Hi, my name'sNice to meet you.What do you do for a living.I'm a student atWhat about you. I work atIt was a pleasure meeting you.Text A New Words1、suggestionn.an idea or a plan you mention for somebody else to think about建议，提议例句： We we

8、lcome any comments and about these plans.（ suggest, suggestio我们欢迎任何关于这些方案的批判和建议； 答疑编号 506494010101：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 suggestions【答案解析】句意：我们欢迎任何关于这些方案的批判建议；and 连接两个并列的成分，因此空格处应填入与名词comments 相同的名词形式；答案为suggestions；2、stepn.one of a series of things that you do in order to achieve something步骤；措施3、foundation

9、n.a principle, an idea or a fact that something is based on and that it growfrom基础；依据4、factorn.one of several things that cause or influence something因素；要素5、immersev.to make （ somebody/something ） completely involved（ in something） （使）深陷于浸在例句： She was immersed in her work to try and forget her probl

10、ems at home.她沉迷在工作中，试图遗忘家庭的苦恼；6、mean v.to have something as a result or a likely result意味着例句： Language learning means listening, speaking, reading and writing.语言学习意味着听说读写；7、explanationn.a statement for a fact that tells you why something happened说明；说明；例句： Right now I cannot give you a detailed of wh

11、y I'm late.（ explain,explanation）现在我不能给你一个为什么我迟到了的具体说明； 答疑编号 506494010102：针对该题提问 精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -【正确答案】 explanation【答案解析】名词短语a detailed在句中作动词give的直接宾语，空格中的词作形容词detailed修饰的中心词，因此应填入名词形式；答案为explaination；8、enjoyablyad

12、v.in a way that gives pleasure欢乐地；开心地;好玩地例句： She is such a good teacher, and her lessons are really .（ enjoyabl enjoyably）她是个好老师，她讲课真的是很好玩； 答疑编号 506494010103：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 enjoyable【答案解析】空格中的词位于be 动词 are 的后面，在句子中作表语成分，副词enjoyably不能作表语，形容词enjoyable（令人开心的）可以作表语，符合题意；答案为enjoyable；9、mostlyadv.for the mo

13、st part大多；大部分10、partlyadv. To some extent, not completely肯定程度上；部分地例句： I feel responsible for the problems we're having. 我觉得我应当为我们现存的问题负部分责任； 答疑编号 506494010104：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 partly【答案解析】句意：我觉得我应当为我们现有的问题付部分责任；观看本句成分可知，空格中填入的词在句子中做状语成分，同时依据句意，partly符合题意，修饰形容词responsible；答案为partly；11、effectiveadj.p

14、roducing the result that is wanted or expected有效的12、vocabularyn.all the words that a person knows or uses词汇；词汇量13、phrasen.a group of words which contains an idea and forms part of a sentence短语；词14、listn.a series of items, especially when they are written or printed目录；清单例句： We are making a list of th

15、e top ten men we would not want to be married to.我们不想嫁给那些在我们列表上排在前十位的男人；15、reviewn.looking again at something you have read or studied复习16、graduallyadv. slowly, over a long period of time逐步地；逐步地17、accuratelyadv. correctly, truly精确地；无误地18、accumulatev.to gradually increase in number or amount积存；积聚19、r

16、esponsibilityn.a duty to deal with or take care of somebody/something with the resul that you may be blamed if something goes wrong责任；职责例句： The minister took for the disaster and resigned.（ responsible, responsibility）这个部长对这场灾难负责并且引咎辞职了； 答疑编号 506494010105：针对该题提问 精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共

17、38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -【正确答案】responsibility【答案解析】空格中的词在句中作动词take 的宾语，因此应当填入一个名词；且take responsibility for对负责，是动词短语固定搭配；答案为responsibility；20、contentn.the things that are contained in something内容21、fluentadj.able to speak a language easily and well流利的；流畅的例句： Tom di

18、dn't read till he was nearly eight.（ fluent, fluently）汤姆直到快八岁了才能流利地阅读； 答疑编号 506494010106：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 fluently【答案解析】句意：直到将近8 岁的时候，他才能读得流利；留意not till句的翻译“直到才”，依据关键词read可知， fluent可以搭配修饰，因此空格中应当填入fluent的副词形式；答案为fluently；22、relaxv.to rest or do something that is enjoyable放松例句： When I get home from

19、work, I like to with a glass of wine.（relax, relaxing）我下班回家后喜爱喝杯葡萄酒放松一下； 答疑编号 506494010107：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 relax【答案解析】此题考查动词like的用法； like to do something或者 like something,to后面接动词原形；答案为relax ；23、matterv.to be important or have an important effect on somebody/something要紧；有重大例句： As long as you are happy,

20、 that's all that matters.只要你兴奋，那就很重要；24、pacen.the speed at which something happens速度25、guaranteen.a firm promise that something will be done or will happen保证；担保例句： A famous brand name is not necessarily a of quality.（ guarantee ）一个知名品牌不必定是品质保证； 答疑编号 506494010108：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 guarantee【答案解析】句意：一

21、个知名的商标品牌不必定是品质保证；不定冠词a 修饰空格中的词，在句中做标语成分；因此空格中应当填入一个能与quality搭配的名词形式， guarantee of quality品质保证；答案为guarantee ；Confidence and hard work are the biggest of success.自信并努力工作是取得胜利的最大保证； 答疑编号 506494010109：针对该题提问 精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - -

22、 -【正确答案】 guarantee【答案解析】 the biggest guarantee最大的保证；此题陈述一般性事实，因此用一般现 在时即可；答案为are the biggest guarantee of success；翻译：自信并努力工作是取得胜利的最大保证；26、successn.achieving desired results胜利例句： The of almost any project depends largely on its manager.（success successful）几乎任何项目的胜利很大程度上取决于此项目的经理； 答疑编号 506494010110：针对

23、该题提问 【正确答案】 success【答案解析】定冠词the 修饰空格中的词，在句子中做主语成分，因此空格中应当填入名词形式 success 胜利；答案为success ；Phrases and Expressions1、by far（ used with comparative or superlative adjectives or adverbs） by a great amount地，得多2、be immersed into be completely involved in something沉迷于例句： Busy preparing for the exam, he studyi

24、ng.（be immersed in）由于忙于预备考试，他完全沉迷在学习之中； 答疑编号 506494010111：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 has been immersed in【答案解析】 busy preparing for the exam是现在分词形式作相伴状语，表示与主语动作同时发生； be immersed in沉迷于，是固定搭配；答案为has been immersed instudying；翻译：由于忙于预备考试，他完全沉迷在学习之中；3、relate toto be connected with something/somebody涉及；与相关4、get used to

25、to be familiar with something because you do it often习惯于；适应例句： Though he was in college for quite a few months, he living campus a from home.（ get used to）尽管他上高校几个月了，仍不习惯离家在外的校内生活； 答疑编号 506494010112：针对该题提问 【正确答案】had not got used to【答案解析】get used to习惯于；适应；从句中用的是过去时，故而此处也应当用过去时态；又由于要表述的是：尽管在高校呆了一段时间，但

26、是仍不适应校内生活；故而此处 用否定；其答案为：had not got used to；精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -5、focus onto give attention, effort, etc. to one particular subject, situation or person（留意力、精力等）于6、build upto（ cause to ） increase or become larger or greate

27、r in number（使）扩大；增多例句： He took the part-time job experience.（ build up）为了积存体会, 他做这份兼职工作； 答疑编号 506494010113：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 to build up【答案解析】不定式中的to 可表目的；积存体会，即build up experience；答案为to build up experience；翻译：为了积存体会，他做这份兼职工作；7、run intoto meet somebody or something by chance偶然遇见，遇到8、take responsibility

28、forto take the duty to deal with something or take care of somebody对负责例句： As you have grown up, you should your words and deeds.（ take responsibility for） 由于你已经长大成人，你应当对自己的言行负责； 答疑编号 506494010114：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 take responsibility for【答案解析】 as 表示缘由； take responsibility for为负责，是固定搭配；情态动词 should后面直接接动词

29、原形；答案为take responsibility for your words anddeeds；翻译：由于你已经长大成人，你应当对自己的言行负责；9、take controlto have the ability to do what you want掌握；掌控；掌管10、feel liketo have a desire for something or to want to do something at a particular mom想做某事11、sit backto sit on something, usually a chair, in a relaxed position舒

30、舒适服地坐好12、make sureto do something in order to be certain that something else happen确保Text APre-reading Questions1. Do you find it difficult to learn a foreign language. What are some of the difficulties have.2. What suggestions have your teachers or anybody else made about learning a foreign languaL

31、earning a Foreign LanguageThere are many ways to learn a foreign language well. Read the suggestions below. Followi these steps will give you a firm foundation.1） Spend timeBy far the most important factor is how much time you are immersed in the language. The time you spend on the language, the fas

32、ter you will learn. This means listening, reading, wriand speaking. It does not mean sitting in class looking out of the window, or listening to othe students who do not speak well, or expecting explanations in your own language about how the language works. It means spending time enjoyably on whate

33、ver relates to the language you are learning.2） Listen and read every day精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -Wherever you are, listen to the language on your MP3 player and read what you are listening Listen to and read materials that you

34、 like, materials that you can mostly understand, or even partly understand. If you keep listening and reading, you will get used to the language. One ho listening and reading each day is more effective than many hours of class time.3） Focus on words and phrasesBuild up your vocabulary. You'll ne

35、ed lots. Start to notice words and how they come togethe phrases. Learn these words and phrases through listening and reading. Read online, using online dictionaries, and make your own vocabulary lists for review. Soon you will run into your new woand phrases elsewhere. Gradually you will be able to

36、 use them.Do not worry about how accuratelspeak until you have accumulated plenty of words through listening and reading.4） Take responsibility for your own learningIf you do not want to learn the language, you won't. If you do want to learn the language,control. Choose content that interests yo

37、u, that you want to listen to and read.Look up the wo and phrases that you need in order to understand your listening and reading. Do not wait for soelse to show you the language or tell you what to do. Discover the language by yourself, likechild growing up. Talk when you feel like it. Write when y

38、ou feel like it. A teacher cannot tea you to become fluent, but you can learn to become fluent if you want to.5） Relax and enjoy yourselfDo not worry about what you cannot remember, or cannot yet understand, or cannot yet say. Idoes not matter. You are learning and improving.The language will gradua

39、lly become clearer, this will happen at a pace that you cannot control. So sit back and enjoy. Above all, make suyou spend enough time with the language. That is the greatest guarantee of success.Key Sentences1、There are many ways to learn a foreign language well.学好外语有很多种方法；2、By far the most importa

40、nt factor is how much time you are immersed in the language. 最为重要的因素在于你花多少时间浸泡在外语之中； 3、The more time you spend on the language,the fasteryou will learn.你在语言学习上用的时间越多，你就学得越快；4、It does not mean sitting in class looking out of the window, or listening to other studewho do not speak well, or expecting e

41、xplanations in your own language about how the language wo这并不意味着你坐在教室里，看着窗外，或者听那些口语说得不太好的同学说话，也不是期望用自己母语释怎么说外语；5、It means spending time enjoyably on whatever relates to the language you are learning.而是说要多花时间心情愉悦地学习任何与所学语言相关的东西；6、Wherever you are, listen to the language on your MP3 player and read wh

42、at you are listento.无论你在何处，听MP3播放器学外语并且读出你所听到的内容；7、Do not worry about how accurately you speak until you have accumulated plenty of wordsthrough listening and reading.通过大量的听力和阅读练习，你才能积存词汇量；在此之前，你不必担忧如何精确地表达；8、Look up the words and phrases that you need in order to understand your listening and readi

43、ng. Do not wait for someone else to show you the language or tell you what to do.在词典中查阅你所需要懂得的词或短语，别等着别人来告知你如何去做；9、Do not worry about what you cannot remember, or cannot yet understand, or cannot yet say does not matter.不要担忧你记不住或者不明白或者不能说，没有关系（不要紧）；10、The language will gradually become clearer, but

44、this will happen at a pace that you can control.你的语言学习会逐步变得清晰明白，但是这将需要一个过程；学习语言进步的速度是你无法掌握的；精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -Text AExercises . Checking Your ComprehensionDirections:Choose the best answer to each question from the infor

45、mation given in the passa1. The author suggests that a foreign language learner should .作者建议外语学习者应当 ；A） observe how other people speak B） spend more time in classC） be clear about how the language worksD） enjoy being involved with the language 答疑编号 506494010301：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 D【答案解析】此题考查作者对外语学习者的建议；文

46、章其次段最终一句提到，spending time enjoyably on whatever relates to the language your are learning，即要多花时间心情愉悦地学习任何与所学语言相关的东西；答案为D；2. According to the author, a good language learner should .依据作者的观点，一个好的语言学习者应当 ；A） carry an MP3 player at all times B） read what he or she is listening toC） listen to and read the

47、 most difficult texts possibleD） stay away from teachers and class time 答疑编号 506494010302：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 B【答案解析】此题考查一个好的语言学习者的做法；文章第三段首句提到，listen to language on your MP3 player and read what you are listening，即听你的MP3播放器 里的外语音频，然后read你听到的内容；答案为B；3. Learning a foreign language well involves .学好外语包括 ；A）

48、 building up one's vocabulary B） making one's own dictionaryC） avoiding new words and phrasesD） stressing accuracy rather than fluency 答疑编号 506494010303：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 A【答案解析】此题考查课文对学好英语的建议；课文中the third step首句提到 ,build up your vocabulary,即扩充你的词汇量；答案为A；4. If you want to learn a language well,

49、you should .精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -假如你要学好外语，你应当 ；A） learn the language like a child B） depend mostly on your teacherC） be responsible for your own learning D） ask someone to tell you what to do 答疑编号 506494010304：针对该题提问 【正确答案】

50、 C【答案解析】通过浏览各个选项可知，C项在课文第五段中被提及，即take responsibility for your own learning,即对你自己的学习负责；答案为C；5. The author believes that the greatest guarantee of success is .作者认为胜利的最大保证是 ；A） to relax and enjoy yourselfB） to forget what you cannot remember C） to have a leisurely paceD） to spend enough time with the l

51、anguage 答疑编号 506494010305：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 D【答案解析】通过关键词greatest guarantee of success可以定位到文章最终一段的最终一句， this指代前一句的内容，即spend enough time with the language is thegreatest guarantee of success；答案为D； . Building Your Vocabulary词汇学习Section ADirections:Complete each of the following sentences with the correct c

52、hoice of the words g in the brackets.1. We welcome any comments and about these plans.（ suggest, suggestions 答疑编号 506494010306：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 suggestions【答案解析】句意：我们欢迎任何关于这些方案的批判建议；and 连接两个并列的成分，因此空格处应填入与名词comments 相同的名词形式；答案为suggestions；2. Right now I cannot give you a detailed of why I'm late.（

53、explain, explanation） 答疑编号 506494010307：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 explanation【答案解析】名词短语a detailed在句中作动词give的直接宾语，空格中的词作形容词精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -detailed修饰的中心词，因此应填入名词形式；答案为explaination；3. The minister took for the disaster and resigned.（ responsible, responsibility） 答疑编号 506494010308：针对该题提问 【正确答案】responsibility【答案解析】空格中的词在句中作动词take 的宾语，因此应当填入一个名词；且take responsibility for对负责，是动词短语固定搭配；答案为responsibility；4. When I get home from work, I like to with a glass of wine.（ relax, relaxing） 答疑编号 506494010309：针对该题提问 【正确答案】 relax【答案