二轮复习最新版高考英语任务型阅读专题练习含答案

1、版高考英语任务型阅读专题练习（含答案）一、高中英语任务型阅读1任务型阅读Perhapsatonepointintime,itwasacceptabletostartanyletterore-mailwith“ToWhomItMayConcern.”S_t_artingyourcoverletterore-mailforajobthiswaymightgiveofftheimpressionthatyoudidn'tdoyourresearchonwhoyou'rewritingtoAfterall,peoplewhoaddressotherpeoplebytheirnamesw

2、henwritingandspeakingtothemtendtobemorepleasant.Itcanbeusedinlettersofrecommendationorreference,formalcomplaints（抱怨）madetoacompany,lettersofintroduction,andlettersofinterest.Grammarlyusestheexampleofneedingtowritealetterofrecommendation,foracolleaguewhowillhavetomakeseveralcopiestodistributetointerv

3、iewers“Inmostcases,though,trytonarrowyourfocusratherthancastabroadnet,”AnsokteysouGrsraemlf.marly.Whodoesthise-mailconcern?Ifyoucanhonestlyanswer'Anyone,'thenfeelfreetouse“ToWhomItMayConcern.（”Thesearethethingsyoushouldneversayinyourcoverletter.）Ifyoudohappentofindthatusing“ToWhomItMayConcer

4、n”isappropriate,don'tmakegrammarmistakes,forexample,lettersorpunctuation.A. However,itmaybeinteresting.B. Thosetimeshavechanged,though.C. Makingmistakesinwritingwillsurelygetyoulowscores.D. It'salsoveryimpersonal,whichsomeemployersmightnotappreciate.E. Inthatcircumstance,sendingandreceivingl

5、ettersismoreofaformalgreeting.F. Youmightwanttotakenoteofothercommonerrorsyoumightbecommitting,too.G. ButaccordingtoGrammarly,therearefourtimeswhenit'sOKtousethisgreeting.【答案】B；D；G；E；F【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。现在写求职信与过去不同了。不写具体称呼会让收信的人不舒服的，通用称呼只有几种场合才能用。如果要用这种的话，也要注意别犯一些常见的语法错误。（1）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本句主要根据时态

6、来判断。空前是一般过去时，讲的是写信用通用称呼，而不是具体称呼在过去是可接受的。空后是一般现在时，现在最好要称呼具体，否则会让人不喜欢。由此可推断出空前后是今昔对比，有所不同的。分析选项可知，B项（Thosetimeshavechanged,though.然而，那些时代已经改变了）。可知符合题意。过去的那种现象已不适合现在了，会留下不好的印象。故答案选B。（2）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前的内容：用这样的方式（没写收信人的名字）写求职信或电子邮件可能会给你留下一个印象，那就是你没有对你要写的东西做任何研究。空后：毕竟写信称呼他们的名字可能会更令人高兴。由此可推断出如果没写收信人的

7、名字，可能会让人不喜欢。分析选项D项（这也是非常客观的，有些老板可能不欣赏）放入句中“如果写求职信时不写称呼可能会让人不喜欢。毕竟有称呼才会让人高兴”，句意是通顺的。故答案选D。（3）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据本段的内容：它可以用在推荐信或证明信、对公司提出的正式投诉、介绍信和感兴趣的信件中。可知它用于四种场合。分析选项可知，G项（ButaccordingtoGrammarly,therearefourtimeswhenit'sOKtousethisgreeting）但是根据Grammarly的说法，使用这个问候语有四次，可知本句中正好是可用于四种场合，且选项G项与本段有意

8、思及词（use）的复现。因此符合题意，故答案选Go（4）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空前：对于一个必须复制几份推荐信发给不同的面试官的同事为例。由此可知写的求职信，要用正式用语。分析选项，可知E项（Inthatcircumstance,sendingandreceivinglettersismoreofaformalgreeting.）在这种情况下，发送和接收信件更多的是正式的问候语，符合题意，放入文中符合题意，故答案选E。（5）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前的内容don'tmakegrammarmistakes,forexample,lettersorpunctua

9、tion.不要犯语法错误，例如字母或标点符号，这是常见的错误。分析选项，可知F项（你可能会留意这些常见错误）与之有句意的重叠。放入句中，检验可知，文中之意是在写信时，不要犯一些常见的语法错误，如拼写和标点符号，也许你正在犯的错误。通过检验，推断出F项符合题意，故答案选F。【点评】七选五解题步骤如下：步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项；步骤六：用代入法，检查答案是否合理。2 任务型阅

10、读Lastweektheelectricityinmyflatwentout.Ihadjustgothomefromworkandwashappilymakingmytea,whenallasuddenIwassurroundedbycompletedarkness.Itriedtofixitbutfailed.IhadtowaitforanelectriciantocomeinthemorningIsatdowntoeatmyhalf-cookeddinner.AndthenIwasn'treallysurewhattodo.Mytypicaleveningisspentwatchi

11、ngtheTVandlookingthroughsocialmediaSoformeitwasanearlynight.AndIcouldn'thelpbutthink,dowerelytoomuchonelectricity?Thatnight,losingourelectricityfeltlikelosingabasicnecessity.AsbasicasrunningwaterIuseelectricityallthetime,evenwhenit'snotreallynecessary.Itcontributestoglobalwarming.Itisharming

12、ourenvironmentandweneedtodowhatwecantostopit.Notonlythat,butifwecontinuetousethesamelargeamountofenergywewillsoonrunout.So,shouldn'twestartpreparingforitnow?Cuttingbackonouruseofelectricitywouldmakelosingiteasier,andalsosaveenergyresourcessothattheycouldlastforlongerAndifeveryonedoesthesame,weca

13、nmakeabigdifference.A. Tonightthiswasn'tpossible.B. Obviously,wecan'tsurvivewithoutit.C. Ourover-useofelectricityisabigproblem.D. Thisleftmeawholenightwithoutanyelectricity.E. Electricitybringsusconvenienceandtrouble.F. Butreally,we'vegrowntotakeelectricityforgranted.G. IknowforsurethatI

14、couldcutdownonmyuseofelectricity.【答案】D；A；F；C；G【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一场突如其来的停电让作者意识到电的宝贵，也使作者开始反思自己浪费电的行为。作者决定从自己做起，开始节约用电。(1)上面内容提到突然停电，“我”想修但没修好，D选项“这使我一个晚上都没有电”是上面内容的结果。故选D。(2)上一句提到：平时，我都是通过看电视，浏览社交媒体来度过晚上的(MytypicaleveningisspentwatchingtheTVandlookingthroughsocialmedia)，下一句提到：所以，对我而言，今天晚上是一个很早的晚上(Sofo

15、rmeitwasanearlynight);A选项今天晚上，这不可能了”是停电后的结果，承上启下。故选A。(3)上一句提到，电像自来水一样是必需的(Asbasicasrunningwater),下一句提到：我一直使用电，甚至当真的没必要的时候(我也用电)(Iuseelectricityallthetime,evenwhenit'snotreallynecessary)。F选项“但是，我们把电当成了理所当然的东西”符合上下文逻辑，承上启下，故选F。(4)下一句提到：它导致了全球变暖。再结合上一段末提到的自己浪费电的情况可知，该空应指浪费电的这种现象。故C选项“我们过度使用电，这是一个大问

16、题。”承上启下，故选C。(5)由下一句提到的“Andifeveryonedoesthesame”可知，该句应当提到需要做什么，故G选项“我知道我能削减对电的使用”符合上下文逻辑，故选G。【点评】七选五阅读解题技巧：在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。3 Directions:C

17、ompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.TheNorthStarAmongthepileofstarsintheuniverse,thereareacouplethatareofgreatimportancetopeopleonEarth.Thesun,ofcourse,isoneofthem.TheotherisknownasPolaris,theNorthStar.Ther

18、efore,itisagreatcompass（指南针）.WhenpeopleinthenorthernpartofEarthlooktowardPolaris,theycanbecertainthattheyarefacingnorth.ThepermanenceofPolarisinthenorthskyhashelpedcountlesspeoplefindtheirdestinations.Beforetheinventionofmodernnavigationtools,sailorsreliedonPolaris.Fromthetopoftheirships,sailorswoul

19、dlookforPolaristofigureouttheirplaceatsea.Theyfiguredouttheanglebetweenthestarandthehorizontodeterminetheirlatitude（纬度）.Aslongastheequationswerenotwrong,theresultswereveryreliable.PolarisalsoletsailorsdetermineNorth,South,East,andWest.Tothosewhosailatnight,changeablestormsanddarkcloudsweremorethanan

20、noyingthings.It'spossibleforacaptaintomakeanaccidentalwrongturn.Theshipcouldbecomestrandedatsea,andthefrustratedcaptainwouldhavenowaytogettheshipbackontherightcourse.Thesailor'sfearswouldn'tberelieveduntilthecloudsclearedandPolariscamebackintoview.Eventoday,sailorssometimeschoosetosteerb

21、yusingPolarisonclearnights.TheBigDipper,aconstellationthatiswellknowninastrology,appearstorevolvearoundPolaris.ThehandleoftheBigDipperalwayspointstotheNorthStar.Whenpeoplegetlost,it'scomfortingtoknowthattheirproblemscanberelievedbylookingatthesky.A. It'snotdifficulttotellthePolarisapartfromt

22、hepileofotherstarsintheuniverse.B. PeoplewhoarelostcanberelievedbygazingupatPolaris.C. Byknowingdirectionsandtheirlocation,sailorscouldeasilysteertheirships.D. TheycoulddestroyentirejourneysbyblockingtheviewofPolaris.E. It'scertainthatthePolarisispartofaconstellation（星座）,whichisnotfarfromit.F. I

23、tisspecialbecauseitistheonlystarthatalwaysappearstobeinthesameplaceinthesky.【答案】F；C；D；A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍北极星对我们的作用和意义。（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Thereforeisagreatcompass（指南针）.”可知，因此是一个很好的指南针，讲述北极星的作用，F.Itisspecialbecauseitistheonlystarthatalwaysappearstobeinthesameplaceinthesky.北极星特殊之处在于它似乎总“在天空的同一个位

24、置，”故可以用作指南针，切题，故选F。（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“PolarisalsoletsailorsdetermineNorth,South,East,andWest”可知，北极星可以帮助水手确定东南西北方向，C.Byknowingdirectionsandtheirlocation,sailorscouldeasilysteertheirships.确定方向和位置之后，就可“以调整航线”，切题，故选C。（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Tothosewhosailatnight,changeablestormsanddarkcloudswerem

25、orethanannoyingthings.可知，对于夜间航行的人”来说，变幻莫测的风暴和黑云是最让人头疼的，D.TheycoulddestroyentirejourneysbyblockingtheviewofPolaris.这些东西可以通过遮蔽北极星让整个航线变得困难重重“”，紧接前一句，切题，故选D。（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“TheBigDipper,aconstellationthatiswellknowninastrology,appearstorevolvearoundPolaris.可知，北斗七星似乎总是围绕着北”极星运转，A.It'snotdif

26、ficulttotellthePolarisapartfromthepileofotherstarsintheuniverse.不难区分北极星和其他星星“”，后文讲述北极星的特别之处，切题，故选A。【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。4 任务型阅读Choosingtherightcollegeforyouisnotsoeasy.Youshouldhaveageneralideaofwhatyouwantanddon'twant.Theideacanguideyoutofindwhatfitsyourneedsbest.Thinkaboutwha

27、tmajoryouwanttostudyincollege.Ifyouknowthat,justlookatcollegesthathaveyourmajorSothinkcarefullyaboutyourmajorandinterestsbeforechoosingone.Wherethecollegeislocatedmatters.Anyonewhotellsyouthelocationisn'timportantislyingIfyoulookforwardtoworkinginthepublishingindustry,NewYorkmaybeyourbestbet.Ify

28、ourparentswantyoutostayclosetohome,pleasedon'tconsideranywherethatrequiresaplanetickettogetto.Thinkabouthowmuchyoucanafford.Areyourparentspayingforyoureducation?Ifso,howmucharetheywillingtospend?Doyouhavetocontributeanything?Financialaidandscholarshipsexist,butdon'tcountonanything.Theseareal

29、lthingstoconsiderbeforeyoufallinlovewithacollege.Makesureyou'regoingtospendtimewiththerightpeople.Thecoolthingaboutcollegeisthateachdifferentoneattractsdifferentkindsofpeople.Forthefirstthinginyourlife,yougettochoosewhereyougettospendyourtimeandwhoyougettospenditwith.Makesurethatthepeopleyou'

30、;rewithforfouryearsareyourkindofpeople.A. Collegeisaboutlearningwhatyoulove.B. You'dbetterchooseamajorthatispopular.C. Gotothecollegewithsomepeopleyoulike.D. Remember,aboveall,itisthepeoplethatmaketheplace.E. Areyouwillingtogointomajordebtoveraschool?F. Ifyoudon'tlikecoldweather,stayawayfrom

31、northernschools.G. Theseguidelineswillhelpfigureoutwhatcollegeyouwanttogoto.【答案】G；A；F；E；D【解析】【分析】本文主要就如何选对一所好大学提出了四条建议。(1)根据上文“你应该对你想要的和不想要的有一个大致的了解。这个想法可以指导你找到最适合你的需求。”而下文讲述的是一些指导方针，故G项“这些指导方针有助于弄清楚你想上哪所大学。”承上启下，故答案为G。(2)根据下文“所以在选择一个专业之前，要仔细考虑你的专业和兴趣。”可推知，A项“大学就是学习你所喜欢的。”符合语境，下一句是对A项的进一步说明，故答案为Ao(3

32、)根据上句：告诉你地点不重要的人在说谎。再根据空格下句：如果你期盼在出版业工作，纽约可能是你最好的地方。空格处的内容应该与地点有关，只有F项“如果你不喜欢冷的天气，就远离北方的学校。”符合语境，故答案为F。(4)根据本段都是讲钱的事，上句“经济援助和奖学金存在，但不要指望任何东西。”，下句“在你爱上一所大学之前，这些都是需要考虑的事情。”，与钱有关的只有E项Areyouwillingtogointomajordebtoveraschool?(你愿意为学校负债吗？)符合语境，故答案为E。(5)本段讲述的是“确保你会花时间和合适的人在一起。”，空格上一句说“对于你生命中的第一件事，你可以选择在哪里

33、度过你的时间，以及你将与谁共度。”故D项“记住，最重要的是，是人制造了场所。”符合本段语境，都是讲与合适的人待一起。故答案为D。【点评】做此类题时，可以快速浏览备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合在文章中的什么位置，标题，段首，段中，段尾。不同的位置的句子有不同特征，有时候有的答案表述上就是错误。5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Afteralongdayatwork,cominghomeisabreathoffreshair.Homeisacomfortableplacetositbackandrelax.Belowareanumberofthin

34、gswecandotocreateahealthyhomeenvironmentthatwillhelptoeasetheworkdaystressandpromoteourphysicalandmentalhealth.Cleaningthehouseregularlyisthefirstthingweshoulddo.Itmayseemlikeatiringthingtocleanbutthereisareasonfordoingso.Wecanremovedustbycleaningthehouse.Leavinglayersofdusteverywheremeansthattherei

35、sabuild-upofdust.Andwheredotheselayersofdustgo?Makingsuretheroomsarefullofsunlightisalsoimportant.Wemaynotrealizeitbutsunlightisanimportantpartofourgrowth.Weallknowthatsunlightpromotesbetterworkingconditions.ThinkaboutusingaParanssystemwheresunlightdoesnotreach.Thistechnologygathersthesunlightbyusin

36、gsolarpanels.Itcansendoutsunlightwhereverweare.Goinggreenwillhelptoremovetoxins(毒素)intheair.Theyalsogiveoffoxygen,whichcanlowerstressandimproveourmoods.Alongthelinesofbeinggreen,itcanalsobevitaltothinkaboutwhatthingswearebringingintothehouse.Trytoavoidspecificplasticsthatareharmfultohealth.Theymayco

37、ntainpoisonouschemicalsthatcanbebreathedin,orsimpleabsorbedthroughtheskin.A. However,isitashealthyasitcanbe?B. Isourhomeascomfortableasitusedtobe?C. Intoourlungs.D. Thesamethingappliestocertaincarpetsandpaint.E. Besides,itcanreducebothstressandhighbloodpressure.F. Itisalsoagoodideatoaddmoreplantsino

38、urhouse.G. Itisacknowledgesthatagreenerlifestyleislinkedtobetterhealth.【答案】A;C;E;F;D【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文，家是一个让人感到舒适温馨的地方，介绍营造健康家庭环境的方法。(1)根据后一句以下是几件值得做的事情来创建健康的家庭环境，以此缓解我们的压力，改善我们的身体和精神健康，A选项，我们现在的家还一如既往的健康吗？后一句是对这一句的回答，一问一答，切题，故选Ao(2)根据前一句Andwheredotheselayersofdustgo?可知，这些灰尘去哪里了？本空是对上一句的回答，故C选项，这些灰尘进入了

39、我们的肺部，切题，故选Co(3)本段主要讲述阳光的重要性，以及前一句Weallknowthatsunlightpromotesbetterworkingconditions.,阳光可以改善我们工作条件，E选项，除此之外，还可以减轻压力和降低高血压，同样陈述阳光的好处，切题，故选E(4)本空是本段第一句，根据后一句Goinggreenwillhelptoremovetoxins(毒素)intheair.可知，本段讲述绿色植物的重要性，故F选项，家里种绿色植物是个好主意，切题，故选F。(5)根据前一句Trytoavoidspecificplasticsthatareharmfultohealth.

40、可知，努力避免使用对身体有害的塑料制品，D选项，同样也适用某些地毯和涂料，都阐述避免进入家里的物品，切合主题，故选D。【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。6 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。DecodingtheyoungbrainTherewasafunnyexperimenttoseehowayoungchildwouldansweraspecificquestio

41、ncomparedtoanadult.Aftertheadulthadspentsometimespeakingwiththechild,heaskedthechild,W“hatdoyouthinkaboutme？”Thechildanswered,“Youtalktoomuch.”Whentheadultperformedthesameexperimentwithanotheradult,thereplytothesamequestionwas,“Iyou'reaveryinterestingperson.”Eveniftheadultfeltthesamewayasthechil

42、d,hisbrainallowedhimtotakeamoment，considerthequestion,andcomeupwithananswer.Hecouldhavebeenannoyed,buthisanswerdidn'treflectitbecausehewasbeingpolite.Thesecretliesinthescienceofthedevelopingbrain.Thechild'shonestanswerwasreflectedinthefactthathisbrainwasn'tequippedtofilter（过滤）information

43、beforeansweringthequestion.Asaresult,hewashonest,buthesaidsomethingthatmayhavebeenhurtful.However,thechilddidnotintentionallyhurttheadult;it'sjustthewayhisbrainworks.Asachildgrowsintoadolescenceandthenintoadulthood,thatchanges.Thehumanbrainismadeupofbillionsofneurons（神经元）.Inorderforourbodytoexec

44、uteacommand,likegettingupfromachairandwalkingtotheotherroom,theneuronsinthebrainhavetocommunicatewitheachother.Theyalsohelpusemployoursensesliketasteandtouchandhelpusrememberthings.Whentheneuronssendmessages,perhapsonesensation（感觉）thepersonfeelsisexcitementabouteatingacookiebecauseitissodelicious.La

45、ter,ifthatpersonsmellsacookieorhearssomeonetalkingaboutacookie,itcansparktheelectricalsignalsthatcallupthememoryofeatingthedeliciouscookie.Inanadult,heorshemayrememberthateatingtoomanycookiescanhaveconsequences,likeweightgain.Butbecausetheyoungerbrainismoreimpulsive（冲动的）,thedesiretofeelthepleasureof

46、thesweettreatoutweighstheconsequences.Thatisbecausewhenachildisyoung,hisbrainis“wired”insuchawaythatheseekspleasureandismorewillingtotakerisksthananadult.Thisaffectshisdecision-makingprocessanditiswhyyoungerpeopletendtobemoreimpulsive.Sometimesparentshavetotelltheirchildrenoverandoveragainbeforethec

47、hildremembersthatsomethingisdangerousorrisky.Howmanytimeshaveweheardaparentsay,“Itellherthisallthetime,butshene！ve”rlistensToconclude,whatweknowabouttheyoungbrainisthatchildrenaremorelikelythanadultstobeimpulsive.Itisn'talwaysnecessarilybecausetheyarebeingnaughty;itmayverywellbebecauseoftheirbra

48、ins.Sothenexttimeyouaskachildwhathereallythinksofyou,bepreparedforanykindofanswer.DecodingtheyoungbrainAnexperimentonayoungchildAyoungchildansweredthequestionthetopofhisheadwhileanadultpaused,andtwicebeforehefoundananswer.CausesofthereflectedintheexperimentThedevelopingbrainoftheyoungchildcontribute

49、dtohishonestanswer. Hewasmorelikelytohurtoroffendothershedidn'tintendtodoso. It'sjustthewayhisbrainworksandwithhimgrowingup,thatchanges.Billionsofneuronsupthehumanbrainhavetheirownmechanismforfunctioning. Theneuronshavetocommunicatewitheachother,helpingusemployoursensesandrememberthings. Ape

50、rsonmaythesmellofacookiewiththememoryofeatingit. Ayoungerbrainismoreimpulsivecomparedwithanadult's.Ayoungchild'shavinganaturaltoseekpleasureandtakerisksresultsfromhisyoungbrain.Thisaffectshisdecision-makingprocessanditiswhyyoungerpeopleactinanimpulsiveway.Warnedmanytimesbefore,ayoungchildwil

51、lstilltrysomethingorrisky.AconclusiondrawnfromtheexperimentAnadult'sabilitytocontrolhisimpulsesismuchandayoungchildisnotbeingnaughtywhentheymakehurtfuloroffensiveanswers.【答案】off;thought;phenomenon;although/though;making;associate;Tendency;dangerous;stronger/greater;necessarily【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，说明

52、了小孩子说一些伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不是故意为之，而是因为儿童的大脑还没有发育完全，不具备在回答问题前过滤信息的功能导致的。(1)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第一段"'Whatdoyouthinkaboutme'Thechildanwered,'Youalktoomuch.'可知，对于提出的问题，孩子的回答总是答非所问，脱离话题。故填off脱离；离开(2)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第一段中的"hisbrainallowedhimtotakeamoment,considerthequestion,andcomeupwithananswer可知孩子得出

53、答案前总是会考虑再三。且实验已经发生在过去，故填一般过去时thoughto(3)考查信息归纳的能力。第一段通过实验引出后文中分析造成这种现象的原因，故填phenomenon。(4)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第二段“Aaresult,hewashonest,buthesaidsomethingthatmayhavebeenhurtful.However,thechilddidnotintentionallyhurttheadult;可知虽然孩”子会说一些伤人的话，但是他们并不是有意的。故第四题填连词although/though“虽然；尽管”。（5）考查信息归纳的能力。根据第三段中的“Thehum

54、anbrainismadeupofbillionsofneurons可知数十亿的神经元组成了人类的大脑。本句已经存在非谓语动词have,故make做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故填making。（6）考查信息归纳的能力。根据第三段中的“Theyalsohelpusemployoursensesliketasteandtouchandhelpusrememberthings.可知神经元通过味觉或者触觉帮助我们记住事物，”故一个人可能会把饼干的味道和吃饼干的记忆联系起来。故填associate。（7）考查信息归纳的能力。根据第五段中的“Thatisbecausewhenachildisyoung

55、,hisbrainiswiredinsuchawaythatheseekspleasureandismorewillingtotakerisksthananadult.孩子的大脑就会以一”种“连线”的方式来寻找快乐，并且比成年人更愿意冒险。故可知一个年幼的孩子有一种寻求快乐和冒险的自然倾向，这是由他幼小的大脑决定的。故填tendency“倾向；趋势”。（8）考查信息归纳的能力。根据第五段“Sometimesparentshavetotelltheirchildrenoverandoveragainbeforethechildremembersthatsomethingisdangerousor

56、risky.Howmanytimeshaveweheardaparentsay,“Itellherthisabllutthsehteimnee,verlistens！”可知即使父母警告过多次，孩子还是会去尝试危险和冒险的食物。故填dangerous。（9）考查信息归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的“whatweknowabouttheyoungbrainisthatchildrenaremorelikelythanadultstobeimpulsive.可知成年人比小孩子控制冲动的能力更”强、更好。故填stronger或greater。（10）考查信息归纳的能力。根据最后一段“Itisnt'

57、alwaysnecessarilybecausetheyarebeingnaughty;itmayverywellbebecauseoftheirbrains.可知因为大脑构造的关系，小孩子说一些”伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不一定总是因为淘气。故填necessarily。【点评】本题涉及信息归纳的能力的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，从而做出正确答案。7 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheSilkRoadwasahistoricalnetworkoftraderoutesthatconnect

58、edChinaandtheMediterraneanSea,allowingculturalandeconomicinteractionbetweentheEastandtheWest.Beguninthe2ndCenturyBC,theSilkRoadcarriedgoods,ideas,andevenillnessforthousandsofmilesbetweengreatcivilizationsformorethanathousandyears.ItwasthecreationofGermany'sFerdinandvonRichthofen,whotraveledtoChinaseveraltimesinthesecondhalfofthe19thCentury.China'spowerfulHanDynastybeganexpandingitstraderoutestowardstheWestintheyearsaround100B.C.SomeshipmentsmadeitthroughtoEuropeandtonorthernandeasternAfrica,throughtheportofAlexandria.Asitsnamesug