工程英语试题库

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上1. An auto discharge fire extinguishing system provides fire extinguishing capability to the lavatory waste compartment. Extinguishing is accomplished by flooding the lavatory waste compartment with an inert gas. The extinguishing system consists of a heat activated extinguisher bottle

2、and a temperature indicator. The lavatory fire extinguisher bottle is mounted inside the lavatory cabinet assembly with the discharge tubes extending into the waste compartment. The extinguisher bottle contains fusible tips which have a melting temperature of 174 degrees Fahrenheit (79 degrees Celsi

3、us). When a fire or overheat condition occurs with the waste compartment temperatures rising to 174 degrees Fahrenheit, the tips will melt causing the bottle to discharge. The temperature indicator in a vinyl plate containing 4 heat sensitive patches. Each patch will change from gray to black when e

4、xposed to temperatures from 180 degrees Fahrenheit to 250 degrees Fahrenheit. This indicator should be periodically checked and if it indicates an overheat the bottle contents should be checked by weighing.1 In what way does the fire extinguishing system put out fires in the lavatory waste compartme

5、nt? (D)A Fill up the waste compartment with water.B Give off an alarm on ECAM screen in the cockpit.C Use oxygen gas to flood the waste compartment/D Eject gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc.2 An extinguishing system in a lavatory consists of _. (D)A an extinguisher bottle and a discharge t

6、ubeB an extinguisher bottle and fusible tipsC sensitive patches and a temperature indicatorD an extinguisher bottle and a temperature indicator3 How does the extinguisher bottle work? (A)A It is controlled by the temperature. The fusible tips will melt when the teB It is controlled by pilots. The fu

7、sible tips explode when the pilots push tC It is operated manually as a portable extinguisher works.D It is controlled by the temperature. The gas in the bottle ejects from the 4 What is the function of the patches in the temperature indicator?(D)A Making up the leakage. (D)B Measuring the temperatu

8、re.C Indicating the gas quantity in the bottle.D Indicating a fire of overheat occurring around.5 Once a patch changes its color, what should be done according to the passage? (D)A Changing a new patch.B Checking the waste compartment to learn whether it is on fire.C Carrying out extinguishing proce

9、dures immediately.D Checking the extinguisher bottle.专心-专注-专业2 Since 1965, When its equipment became operational, a device called Eros has been to make sky traffic safe. Eros is short Eliminate Range Zero System-range zero meaning collision. Basically Eros is a computer system that measures, with gr

10、eat speed and precision, closing speed (the speed at which two objects are approaching each other) and range (the distance apart of the objects). Eros can warn aircraft approaching each other at jet speeds and can provide protection for as many as a thousand aircraft in a wide area. The pilot of an

11、Eros-equipped aircraft heading for a collision hears warning noise in his earphones when his airborne computer calculates that he is within thirty seconds of half a mile(whichever occurs first) of another aircraft. At the same time, a flashing red arrow on the devices indicator panel instructs him t

12、o descend. Simultaneously, in the other aircraft, the signal is automatically reversed: The flashing arrow tells the pilot to climb. The newer Eros II system can accommodate a total of two thousand aircraft at one time within a 140-mile radius, Every three seconds, each Eros-equipped plane automatic

13、ally reports to ground stations and to similarly equipped aircraft its precise range, altitude, and approach rate. The producers of Eros, the McDonnell Douglas Corporation in The United States, are now studying the fitting of Eros collision-avoidance systems in all sizes and types of aircraft. Autom

14、atic systems such as Eros will do more than make the sky safer: they will also lighten the work of air-traffic controllers and increase the efficiency of airports.1 Two aircraft at range zero means _. (B)A a near missB a collisionC supersonic speed D wingtip separation2 As a computer, Eros was desig

15、ned to measure _. (A)A closing speed and rangeB an aircrafts altitude and distance from an airportC both A and BD neither A nor B3 The device gives its first warning to pilots of two Eros-equipped aircraft within _. (C )A thirty seconds of each other B half a mile of each otherC both A and BD neithe

16、r A and B4 The device works by giving _.(C )A a warning noise in the pilots earphonesB instructions to ascend or descendC both A and BD neither A nor B5 Details about the Eros II system indicate that _. (D)A aircraft coverage of the device has increasedB ground stations are included in the systemC t

17、he device measures altitudeD all of the above3. Electrical engineering plays a great role in navigation aids through electronics and radar loran plays a very important role. Here three fixed transmitters send radio pulses simultaneously. The position of a ship or an airplane can be determined by mea

18、suring the time difference with which these pulses the ship. Radio range is another example. Five antennas are arranged at the corners and centre of a square and send radio waves in such a way that the pilot at the receiver hears a constant sound if he is on course or the Mores code A or N, dependin

19、g on whether he is to the right of left of it. The instrument landing system has proven very valuable in guiding an airplane for landing. Here transmitters similar to those in radio rang control, through special equipment on the plane, give the direction as well as the height of the landing plane. T

20、hree additional beacons indicate to the plane its position as well as the landing path. The ground control approach is a simpler technique by which the ground knows the exact position of the plane and just notifies the pilot by radio whether or not he is on course.This technique employs two radars,

21、one with a 30-mile range to search the vicinity of the airport and another of shorter range which is used for the actual landing. Then, of course, there is the radio compass which, with a combination of a transmitter at a known place on the ground and a receiver aboard, gives the airplane or ship it

22、s direction. In addition to these, special radars are used by airplane to measure their speed or identify moving targets. The Doppler radar is one example. It is based on the fact that the frequency of a radio wave is increased or decreased depending on whether the transmitter and receiver are movin

23、g towards of away from each other. The amount of frequency change can then tell the pilot how fast he is moving with respect to the ground, for example.1 Besides radar, loran plays a very important role. Here “loran” means _.(C )A electrical aidsB electronicsC long range navigationD navingation radi

24、o2 Five antennas and radio waves to the pilot who hears _. (A)A either a constant sound or the Morse codeB the Morse code A or NC a constant soundD neither a constant sound nor the Morse code3 _ give the direction and the height of the landing plane. (B)A Radio range controllersB TransmitterC Simila

25、r transmittersD Special equipment4 One of the radars employed in the ground control technique is to detect _ of the airport. (D)A the spaceB the length of the runways C the insideD the nearby area5 Special radars are used by airplanes to measure their speed or identify moving targets, because the fr

26、equency of a radio wave _. (C )A increasesB decreasesC changesD moves4. B747-200F is presently the biggest commercial freighter in the world capable of reaching longest range and carrying heaviest payload. Its flight performance and equipment can assure safe operation day and night under adverse met

27、eorological conditions all over the world. From the hottest equator to the coldest polar circle, it can normally take off and land. Even airports at high elevation over 4,000 meters can be listed as normal places for it to deliver and carry goods. B747-200F freighter is one number of B747-200 aircra

28、ft. Its overall Length is 69.80m, overall height 19.58m; wing span 59.64m; maximum Take-off weight 377.842kg, maximum landing weight 285,779kg. When fully loaded with fuel, it can still carry payload of 52,889kg. By that time, the range will be 11.050km with standard reserve. The freighter is struct

29、urally configurated with upper, main and lower part. Main deck is the main cargo compartment. The forward part of the lower deck is the front lower cargo hold. The rear part is aft lower cargo hold. Near the tail of the aircraft there is a bulk cargo compartment, mainly for mailbags and other bulk c

30、argoes. All cargo compartments are pressurized. All pressurized compartments except aft lower hold is air conditioned. The aft lower hold is heated to keep inside temperature above 6 degrees Celsius. It is not air conditioned. Therefore, the main cargo and front lower cargo hold can be used to carry

31、 live goods. Especially the main cargo compartment is a fight place to carry valuable animals, which can be fed and taken care of by cargo master in the air.1 Which statement is true according to this passage? (D)A B747-200F is by far the largest commercial airliner.B Sometimes B747-200F can take of

32、f and land at the equator.C Sometimes B747-200F can take off and land at the polar circle.D Mailbags are often put in a bulk cargo compartment at the rear part of the 2 In B747-200F, which compartment can not be used to carry live goods?(B)A The front lower cargo hold.B The aft lower cargo hold.C A

33、bulk cargo compartment.D The main cargo hold.3 When fully loaded with fuel, it can still carry payload of 52,889kg.Here “Payload” means.(A)A Zero fuel weight.B Manufacturers empty weight.C Maximum takeoff gross weight.D Design landing weight.4 Where is the best place for some valuable animals to liv

34、e in this freighter? (C )A The front upper deck.B The rear upper deck.C The main cargo compartment.D The front lower cargo compartment.5 How many decks are there in this freighter according to its structure?(C )A One.B Two C ThreeD Four5. A modern airliner flies more hours in one year than pre-World

35、 War II aircraft flew in their entire lifetime The Junkers G.38.the “Jumbo” of the thirties, carried 34 passengers: the Boeing 747 carries 550 and its air-frame has to withstand the stresses of takeoff and landing with loads 16 times as great. A modern air frame has to take the strains of flying thr

36、ough turbulence, and of pressurization to some nine pounds per square inch at cruising height, as well as those of normal flight and landing. An aircrafts strength lies in its monocoque construction: though reinforced by a supporting frame the skill take most of the flight loads. Aircraft are subjec

37、t to more extreme changes in temperature than any other form of transport. An hour or so in the hot sun of the tropics can heat an airframe to over 120 degrees Fahrenheit yet within 30 minutes of takeoff it will be cruising at high altitudes where the temperature may be 100 degree below freezing. Al

38、uminium-copper alloys are the lightest materials able to stand up to this treatment. They account for more than 95 per cent of the structure of most modern jetliners. Highly-stressed parts such as the landing gear are made of forged steel whose extra weight is more an offset by its greater strength.

39、 A Boeing 747 making a hard landing will impose upon them three times its 400-ton loaded weight. Air frames are as lean as they can safely be so that aircraft can take off with as big a profit-making load as possible all excess weight is pared away with computerizer precision. Wing skins are chemica

40、lly milled in acid baths to exactly predetermined strength and weight requirements and floors are Boeing 747 floor beams because it is much lighter than the alternatives. Composite materials of glass carbon and graphite filaments in an adhesive matrix are superlatively light strong and heat-resistan

41、t and may prove themselves in the future.Todays airlines fly ten to twelve hours a day for twenty years or more. The stresses produced by continual movement and even intense noise cause fatigue, the cracking and breaking that occurs in metals under constant flexure. Fatigue is an aging process that

42、cannot be avoided but weak points such as holes and joins can be reduced by using adhesives instead of rivets and bolts and by casting wing skins in gigantic panels. Fatigue can start from a scratch, so surfaces are polished and sharp corners replacement ensure that catastrophes no longer happen.1 M

43、ost of the flight loads are taken by _.(D)A the frame of an aircraftB the tail of an aircraftC the wing tips of an aircraftD the skin of an aircraft2 Which of the following is exposed to more extreme changes in temperature? (D)A Trains.B Ships.C Cars.D Aircraft.3 When an aircraft is cruising at high

44、 altitudes the temperature may be _. (C )A 100 degrees Fahr.B 120 degrees Fahr. C 100 degrees Fahr. Below freezingD 60 degrees Fahr. Below freezing4 Air frames are as lean as they can safely be in order to _.(D)A increase the total weight of an aircraftB decrease the profit-making weight of an aircr

45、aftC make the aircraft easy to controlD increase the profit-making weight of an aircraft5 Fatigue is caused _. (D)A only by intense noiseB only by continual movementC only by scratchingD by many factors including movement noise6. Pilot Glenn Connor maneuvers the Cessna through heavy morning fog, des

46、cending toward a runway nearly four miles away. “What do you see?” he asks the copilot. The copilot scans the horizon: “Nothing.” But Connor already has the runway in sight. Unlike the copilot, he is peering at the ground through a special infrared camera, designed to help pilots see through clouds

47、and darkness. “I seeEverything,” Connor says. The copilot, however, does not spot the runway until less that a minute before the plane touches down. Connor, from the Maryland Advanced Development Laboratory in Greenbelt, is testing a new technology that makes it easier for pilots to land in bad weat

48、her. Called enhanced vision, the new equipment has a sensor that “see” through fog by imaging infrared light. A “head-up” display projects data from the sensor onto a screen in front of the pilots eyes. Although the military used these technologies in the Persian Gulf war, they have not been availab

49、le for civilian planes until now. Currently, pilots use a ground-based instrument landing system for most foul-weather landings. But this requires planes to travel in straight lines for several miles before landing, often causing delays, “If you want to land in all kinds of weather without delays, t

50、heres got to be a different way, “complains Connor. He and many airline industry officials contend that enhanced vision may be the answer, The Federal Aviation Administration, however, favors other technologies. Connor isnt the only one trying to improve cockpit vision. Researchers at NASAs Langley

51、Research Center in Hampton, Va, suggest that artificial vision may aid pilots of future supersonic passenger jets. Instead of dropping the planes nose to see the runway, as Concorde pilots do, infrared and millimeterwavelength radar pictures from sensors on the underbelly of the plane would be proje

52、cted on a head-up display. Ultimately, say the researchers, planes might not need cockpit windows at all.1 Connor is _. (A)A conducting an experimentB training the copilotC flying a combat missionD testing whether the Cessna is a good plane2 The copilot is scanning the horizon through _. (B)A a spec

53、ial deviceB the cockpit windowsC an infrared cameraD a sensor3 The infrared camera is designed to help pilots _. (D)A find other planesB find the direction of their planesC take clear photographs D see in bad weather or at night4 According to this passage, which of the following statements is true?

54、(D)A Cessna is probably the most advanced plane in the world.B Civilian planes are better equipped than military planes.C Military planes are equipped with modern devices while civilian planes areD The new technologies used in the Persian Gulf war have begun to be used in 5 This passage is about _.

55、(C )A pilots and copilotsB difficulties that pilots haveC a new technologyD military and civilian planes7. For all practical purposes new commercial aeroplanes are designed for use with gas turbine of jet engines. The piston operated petrol engine is no longer efficient enough for modern application

56、s and is being gradually replaced. What then are advantages of the aircraft gas turbine over its piston counterpart? It is more reliable and runs longer between overhauls, it produces continuous power instead of the typical “beat” of the piston engine. Its fuel (kerosene) is cheaper than petrol, it

57、is lighter, better shaped to minimize drag and free from vibration. Briefly the operation of a turbine engine is as follows: Air is sucked into the front of the engine by a rotating compressor, then forced into combustion chambers into which the kerosene is sprayed and burnt. The tremendous heat thu

58、s generated expands the main volume of air which moves at great speed through flame tubes on to the blades of the turbine wheel. This caused the wheel to rotate and so power is produced, and by a system of gears, this turns the propeller. In the case of a turbo-jet engine, the heated air comes out of the exhaust tail pipe as a jet and the aeroplane is forced forward. Similarly, with a ram-jet engine, the thrust is obtaine