专项宾从和定从2014318

1、米芾中学米芾中学 刘刘 燕燕 专项复习专项复习宾语从句和定语从句宾语从句和定语从句 第一第一个专项复习个专项复习 宾语从宾语从句句一、一、宾语从宾语从句的句的概概念念：宾语从宾语从句句是句子做是句子做宾语宾语，不再是一，不再是一个词个词或或短短语语作作宾语宾语。二、宾语从句的三要素二、宾语从句的三要素1、2、3、引导词引导词语序语序时态时态（一）引导词的四种情况（一）引导词的四种情况1、当宾语从句是肯定句和否定句时引导词用、当宾语从句是肯定句和否定句时引导词用2、当宾语从句是一般疑问句时引导词用、当宾语从句是一般疑问句时引导词用3、当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时引导词用、当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时引导

2、词用4、当宾语从句是祈使句时的状况时、当宾语从句是祈使句时的状况时thatif whether特殊疑问句特殊疑问句（二）宾语从句的语序（二）宾语从句的语序引导词主语谓语引导词主语谓语简单句：简单句：引导词引导词to do1、当主句是现在时态时，从句的时态、当主句是现在时态时，从句的时态2、当主句是过去时态时，从句的时态、当主句是过去时态时，从句的时态3、当从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、当从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、 自然现象、名言时自然现象、名言时三、讨论宾语从句的时态：三、讨论宾语从句的时态：保持不变保持不变用相应的过去的时态用相应的过去的时态仍用现在时态仍用现在时态 第二个专项复习第

3、二个专项复习 定语从句定语从句一、定语从句的概念：一、定语从句的概念：修饰前面的某一名词或代词的从句。修饰前面的某一名词或代词的从句。结构：结构：先行词先行词关系词关系词句子句子The man who lives here is a doctor.二、关系词二、关系词关系代词：关系代词：关系副词：关系副词：that 、which 、who、 whom、 whosewhere、when、why（一）关系代词（一）关系代词1、that2、which3、who whom4、whose即即指人又指物指人又指物指物指物指人指人做定语，表示所属关系，可人可物做定语，表示所属关系，可人可物例如：I live

4、 in that house. That houses walls are white.I live in that house _ walls are white.注：注：关系代词在定从中作主语时，关系代词在定从中作主语时， 定从的谓语动词形式由先行词做主定从的谓语动词形式由先行词做主。例如：例如：We should eat food which is good for health. I hate people who talk much but do little. 注意：只用that 不用which 的情况1、当先行词是、当先行词是all, any, few, little, none

5、, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词或被它们所修饰等不定代词或被它们所修饰的时候。的时候。2、当先行词被、当先行词被最高级或序数词修饰最高级或序数词修饰的时候。的时候。3、当先行词被、当先行词被the only, the very, the same 修饰修饰的时候。的时候。4、当先行词同时、当先行词同时包括人和物包括人和物的时候。的时候。5、当主句以、当主句以who，which开头开头的时候。的时候。 例如：例如：Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lo

6、st ？（二）关系副词（二）关系副词1、where 作地点状语作地点状语介词介词which例如：I want to know the place where I was born The table where she is sitting is a new one.2、when作时间状语作时间状语介词介词which例如：She will never forget the day. She married on that day. She will never forget the day when she married.例如：It was the year. The war broke out in the year. It was the year when the war broke out .3、why作原因状语作原因状语forwhich 它的它的先行词常常是先行词常常是the reason例如：This is the reason why he was late. 注：宾语从句有时候可以变成定语从句注：宾语从句有时候可以变成定语从句 I want to do what I enjoy doing. I want to do _ _ I enjoy doing.注：宾语从句中有否定前移的现象注：宾语从句中有否定前移的现象I We think guesssuppose b