2021年科技英语考试答案

1、一、单选题(共 15道试题，共15分。)miv$21. Scientists have discovered that genes may make some people more toanxiety.胡A. tendB. proneC. likelyD. possible满分：1分and food prices are high in part because»I2. One cause of the current food crisis is of the dry weather in these places. 1-3A. floodB. coughC. roughD. d

2、rought满分：1分() her to give up the foolish idea23. Alice trusts you.Only you canA. suggestB. attractC. temptD. persuade满分:4.The contract signed two years ago between the two companies willat the end ofthe year.均A. expectB. expireC. reviseD. explore满分：1分» I $15. Enough lava had from the volcano to

3、 bury the entire village. £A. disruptedB. splashedC. eruptedD. spilt满分：1分» $ 6. Their marriage was in danger of breaking up last year but it seems quite now.EA. favourableB. criticalC. profitableD. stable满分：1分» $ 7. The present wave of strikes from discontent among the lower-paid.SA.

4、stemsB. trapsC. raisesD. ranges满分：1分» $ 8. If it tomorrow, we will stay indoors to have our training class.»A. rainsB. rainedC. will rainD. is raining满分：1分» $ 9. The longer the economic decline is allowed to go on the more difficult it will be to()it.underlineB. upsetC. resumeD. rever

5、se满分：1分» $ 10. International students are likely totheir counterparts from variouscountries and areas and areexposed to diverse ideas and values. HA. counterB. foundC. metD. encounteruntil only 40 people were left.分The island ' s population initially numbered 180, but there was a gradualA.

6、declinationB. inclineC. inclinationD. decline满分：1分» $ 12. Coal can beinto gas with the help of the modern technology.A. yieldB. convertedC. overcameD. reverted满分：1分13.Parents should make their children realize that studying is happy but notthem to do what they don，t likeUA. makeB. compelC. driv

7、eD. enable满分：1分 Il4. Her brother to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed hisorder 缸A. declaredB. threatenedC. warnedD. exclaimed满分：1分» I 315. The child his parents quarrelling and he was frightened. SIA. overheardB. virtualizedC. scratchedD. oversaw二、阅读理解（共 2道试题，共20分。）» $ 1.

8、 Psychiatrists （ 精神病专家 ）who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing - older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing thei

9、r limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents' biggest, and often unspoken, fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, parti

10、cularly fathers, "end up retiring much later." For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he's also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fift

11、h grader, but he's learned that young at heart doesn't mean young. Lately he's been taking afternoon naps （午睡）to keep up his energy. "My body is aging," says Metcalf. "You can't get away from that."Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biologica

12、l clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. "They worry they'll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they'll need help getting up out of those little chairs innursery school," says Joann Galst, a New York psycholog

13、ist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: "that they won't be alive long enough to support and protect their child," she says.Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of f

14、ertility ( 受孕)treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband. Randy, had twins. "We both wanted children," says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years, "a sense of family."Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and mo

15、re sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. 'The dads are older, more mature," says Dr. Silber, "and more ready to focus on parenting." 1-31) . Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?A. Older parents can better balance their resou

16、rces against children's demands.B. Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.C. Older parents are often better prepared financially.D. Older parents can take better care of their children.满分：2分UZb).What does the author mean by saying "For many, retirement beco

17、mes an unobtainabledream" (Lines 7-8, Para. 1)?A. They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.B. They can't get full pension unless they work some extra years.C. They can't obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of.D. They are reluctant to retire when they reach the

18、ir retirement age.满分：2分3 3). The author gives the example of Henry Metcalf to show thatA. many people are young in spirit despite their advanced ageB. taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energyC. older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodiesD. older parents should exercise

19、more to keep up with their athletic children满分：2分14). What's the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joan Galst?A. Being laughed at by other people.B. Slowing down of their pace of life.C. Being mistaken for grandparents.D. Approaching of death.满分：2分医15) .What do we

20、learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?A. They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment.B. Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family.C. They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.D. Not until they reached middle age did they think

21、of having children.满分：2分The current energy security system was created in response to the 1973 Arab oil embargo to ensure coordination among the industrialized countries in the event of a disruption in supply, encourage collaboration on energy policies, and deter any future use of an “oil weapon “ b

22、y exporters. Its key elements arebasedarsernational Energy Agency (IEA), whose members are the industrialized countries; strategic stockpiles of oil, including the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserves; continued monitoring and analysis of energy markets and policies; and energy conservation and coordin

23、ated emergency sharing of supplies in the event of a disruption. The emergency system was set up to offset major disruptions that threatened the global economy and stability, not to manage prices and the commodity cycle. Since the system ' s inception in the 1970s, a coordinated emergency drawdo

24、wn of strategic stockpiles has occurred only twice: on the eve of the Gulf War in 1991 and in the autumn of 2005 after Hurricane Katrina.Experience has shown that to maintain energy security countries must abide by several principles. The first and most familiar is what Churchill urged more than 90

25、years ago: diversification of supply. Multiplying one' s suppthesources reducesimpact of a disruption in supply from one source by providing alternatives, serving the interests of both consumers and producers, for whom stable markets are a prime concern. But diversification is not enough. A seco

26、nd principle is resilience, a"security margin “ in the energy supply system that provides a buffer against shocks and facilitates recovery after disruptions. Resilience can come from many factors, including sufficient spare production capacity, strategic reserves, backup supplies of equipment,

27、adequate storage capacity along the supply chain, and the stockpiling of critical parts for electric power production and distribution, as well as carefully conceived plans for responding to disruptions that may affect large regions. Hence the third principle: recognizing the reality of integration.

28、 There is only one oil market, acomplex and worldwide system that moves and consumes about 86 million barrels of oil every day. For all consumers, security resides in the stability of this market. Secession is not an option.A fourth principle is the importance of information. High-quality informatio

29、n underpins well-functioning markets. On an international level, the IEA has led the way in improving the flow of information about world markets and energy prospects. That work is being complemented by the new International Energy Forum, which will seek to integrate information from producers and c

30、onsumers. Information is no less crucial in a crisis, when consumer panics can be instigated by a mixture of actual disruptions, rumors, and fear. In such situations, governments and the private sector should collaborate to counter panics with high-quality, timely information.As important as these p

31、rinciples are, the past several years have highlighted theneed to expand the concept of energy security in two critical dimensions: the recognition of globalization of the energy security system, which can be achievedespecially by engaging China and India, and the acknowledgement of the fact that th

32、eentire energy supply chain needs to be protecte1) . The energy security system was established for the following long-term purpose EXCEPT“ A. protecting profits of industrialized countries during Arab oil embargoB. making effective coordination among those industrialized countriesC. promoting coope

33、ration in making policies about energyD. preventing oil exporters from using oil as a weapon against other countries满分：2分田2).Which of the following statements about International Energy Agency is NOT true?A. Its headquarter is located in Paris.B. Its members include developed and developing countrie

34、s.C. It monitors and analyzes the energy market and policies.D. It makes great efforts to save energy and deal with oil disruption.满分：2分3) . The first and foremost thing that both consumers and producers are concerned about isA. various supply sourcesB. stable energy marketsC. the largest profitsD.

35、reasonable prices满分：2分田4). Integration, the third principle to maintain energy security, means toA. recognize the reality of energy shortageB. guarantee the stability of energy marketC. realize the unity of the worldwide marketD. protect one s independent interests满分：2分田5).The main purpose of this p

36、assage is toA. convince readers that energy security is importantB. introduce the major energy organizations of U.S.C. inform readers what the energy security system is likeD. present principles for ensuring energy security三、简答题(共 5道试题，共15分。)1. But genetically modified, virus-resistant crops can red

37、uce that damage, as can drought-tolerant seeds in regions where water shortages limit the amount of land under cultivation.但是转基因的抗病毒作物可以减少这种损失，就像在因水资源短缺而限制了可耕种土地量的地区用抗旱的 种子可以减少损失一样。满分：3分CUE2 . There has been some concern that the larger denomination notes a 500 note is worth approximately 315 at the

38、 current exchange rate will be rich pickings for counterfeiters, especially in the early days as people get used to the new currency.目前令人担心的是高面值欧元纸币可能出现的假币问题，500欧元的纸币按目前的汇率值315英镑，这为造假者牟取暴利提供了很大便利，尤其是在人们对欧元还不太熟悉的初期阶段。至满分：3分画戛3 . Your choices are usually limited: find a good job in the small business

39、world, stand in line at unemployment, or accept a cut in pay and benefits.你的选择通常是有限的：在小企业的世界里找到好工作，站在失业的队列里或者接受减薪。满分：3分4 .中国是一个富产宝贵的自然资源一原油的国家。(be rich in)China is a country rich in crude oil which is a precious natrual resource.望 满分：3分ISI3I(for all )5 .他虽然学识渊博，但对这种生物科技引起的情况他也不知道如何应付。For all his lea

40、rning,he didn't know how to cope with the situation caused by the biotechnology.满分：3分2 $四、完型填空(共 1道试题，共10分。)In recent years a new farming revolution has begun, one that involves the manipulation of life at a (1) level the gene. The study of genetics has(2) a new industry called biotechnology. As

41、 the name suggest, it incorporates biology (3) modem technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies specialize in agriculture and are working passionately to (4) seeds that give a high yield, that (5) diseases, drought and frost, and that reduce the need

42、 for (6) chemicals. If such goals could be achieved, it would be most (7). But some have raised concerns about genetically engineered crops.In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain (8) . A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato. Gen

43、etic engineering,©, usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into another (10) to transfer a desired characteristic. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with anti-freeze (11) from an artic fish, and inserting it int

44、o a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant._(12), then, biotechnology allows humans to breach the genetic walls that separate species.Like the green revolution, (13) some call, the gene revolution_(14) to the problem of genetic uniformity some say even more so (15) geneticists can employ te

45、chniques such (16) cloning and organ culture养)，processes that produce perfectly (17) copies. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new (18), such as the effects that they may have on us and the environment.“We are flying blindly int

46、ol 9)neowagricultural biotechnology with high hopes, few constraints, and little idea of the potential (20), “ said science writer Jeremy Rifkin.田1).A. fundamentalB. governmentalC. mentalD. instrumental满分：0.5分 区2).A. got along withB. given rise toC. come up withD. lived up to满分：0.5分 田3).A. intoB. fr

47、omC. withD. for满分：0.5分 田4).A. raiseB. experimentC. cultivateD. gather满分：0.5分 CEZk).A. restrictB. resistC. reverseD. recur满分：0.5分 口6).A. hostileB. uselessC. hopelessD. harmless满分：0.5分 口 7).A. beneficialB. disappointingC. lastingD. glooming满分：0.5分3 8).A. linesB. limitsC. speciesD. ages满分：0.5分) 9).A. a

48、fter allB. on the other handC. in any caseD. as a rest满分：0.5分 10).A. to the pointB. in no caseC. in an attemptD. with regard满分：0.5分 Hii).A. qualityB. superiorityC. priorityD. quantity满分：0.5分 田12).A. In essenceB. In partC. In advanceD. In return满分：0.5分 区13).A. whatB. whereC. asD. so满分：0.5分 区14).A. co

49、mbineB. contributesC. commandD. break满分：0.5分 区15).A. thatB. becauseC. ifD. when满分：0.5分 田16).A. likeB. for exampleC. asD. is满分：0.5分 UZI17).A. resemblingB. alikeC. similarD. identical满分：0.5分 Hi8).A. issuesB. heightC. difficultiesD. goals满分：0.5分臣19).spotB. eraC. deadlineD. scheme满分：0.5分臣如A. navigationB

50、. mysteryC. outcomesD. destination五、主观填空题（共 10道试题，共20分。）BHvMSi.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词transact (transaction) theIf you lose your member '函0 please inform the club in time and procedure again.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分 ： 2.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词Conversion 为(convert) to gas central heating will save you a lot of

51、 money.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分钊，国3.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词You idea at least disposed (disposal) of the immediate problem though it may not be the bestsolution.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分阅$5 4. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词Scientists claimed yesterday to have L-tJsolved (solution) the riddle of the birth of the universe.试题满分：2分第1

52、空、满分：2分互叵画5.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词More aid should be given to the needy families in those i ( ndigent )(穷困的)villages, instead of wasting huge sums of money on tax-cuts for the rich.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分度反1a.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词There are many ways to rRelease （释放）your pressure andstress from which you haves

53、uffered a lot.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分S画7.Fixed assets c ontain （包含）buildings, equipment and machinery, motor vehicles and other. 试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分府甲¥18.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词A combined strength of a headful of human hair is capable of supporting a weight equivalentU（相当的）to that of 99 people.试题满分：2分第1空、满分

54、：2分ETS 画 9.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词It is ordered that the annual timber production plan should not exceed the approval annual cutting q uota （定额）.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分度叵画10.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词I enclosed $ （放入圭d套）my completed application form, giving full details of my experience and qualifications. i am available for interview at any time.六、简答题（共 5道试题，共15分。）Wv1.问答题（根据课本内容回答问题）： How many branches are included in Geology?What are they?Many.Mineralogy,Petrology,Geomorphology,Historical geology,Stratigraphy,Paleontol