情态动词+完成时讲解学习

1、情态动词+完成时精品文档情态动词+完成时(modalverbs+have+pastparticiple)情态动词和动词原型连用，表示对目前或将来情况的看法或态度情态动词和完成时连用时，表示对过去情况的看法或态度。1. should+have+过去分词表示过去本应该一”，实际上是说话人在表达责备，抱怨或遗憾的意思。Weshouldhavecutawaythejunglebush.我们本应该把丛林的灌木砍掉。HowIregrettedthedayswhenIhadplayedandshouldhavestudied.我多么懊悔我把本应该好好学习的日子都玩掉了。shouldn't+have+

2、去分词表示过去本不应该”而实际上做了的动作。Youshouldn'thavetoldanyoneaboutit.你本来不应该告诉任何人。Theyshouldn'thaveleftsosoon.他们本来不应该去得那么早。2. oughtto+have+过去分词表示过去本应该-"，相当于"should+h&e+过去分词”Yououghttohavehelpedhim.你本应该帮他一把。Yououghttohavereturnedthesebookstotheschoollibrarylastweek.上周你就应该把这些书还给学校图书室。否定形式ought

3、n'tto+have+过去分词=shouldn't+have过去分词eg.Yououghtn'ttohavetakenhisumbrellaaway.你不该把他的伞拿走。Heoughtn'ttohavebeenthere.收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除精品文档他本不应该到那去。3. must+have+过去分词表示对过去情况的推测，译成当时一定；想必已经；当时可能WhatachallengeImusthavebeentothisyoungteacher.对这位年轻教师来说，教我这样的学生当时一定是个巨大的挑战。Sincetheditchisfullofwa

4、ter,itmusthaverainedlastnight.因为沟里涨满了水，昨晚一定下过雨了。表示对过去情况的否定推测时。要用“can't(couldn't)+haiVe+分词”，一般不用“mustn't+have过去分词Joecan'thaveleft.Isawhimjustnow.乔不可能离开了，刚才我还看见他了。Thepartycouldn'thavebeensuccessfulasyouhadhoped.舞会不可能象你希望的那样成功。“must+have+过去分词”表示对过去情况推测时，反意疑问句用have(has),有明确表示过去时间的状语(

5、before除外)反意疑问句用did.Hemusthavefinishedhishomework,hasn'the?他准把作业做完了。对吗？Hemusthaveattendedthemeetingyesterdayevening,didn'the?他昨晚上肯定参加会议了，是吗？4. may(might)+have+过去分词表示对过去情况的推测，可用于肯定句，否定句，但不用于疑问句InreturnImayhavebeenabletoteachyoualittleaboutmedicaltechnique.作为报答，我也许教给了你们一点点医疗技术。Mighthehavebeenca

6、ughtandkilled?他有可能被抓住杀掉了吗？收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除精品文档might+have+过去分词也能表示对过去的事情的可能性的推测，有本应该一”，含有婉转责备的意思。YoumighthavelistenedtomewhileIwastalkingtoyou.我对你讲话时，你应该认真听才对。Youmighthaveletmeknowbeforeyouwentout.外出之前，你本应该先告诉我一声。5. can(could)+have+过去分词表示对过去情况的推测。“can+have+过去分词”一般多用于疑问句和否定句，不用于肯定句。Canhehavegoneyest

7、erday?难道他昨天就已经走了吗？Theycan'thavelostthemselvesinthewoods,becauseIdrewamaptothem.他们不可能在森林中迷路，因为我给他们画了一张画。Billcouldn'thavegonehomethisweekend.Isawhimattheschoolgroundthismorning.本周末贝尔不可能回家，今天下午我还在学校操场上看见他了。Marycan'thavegonetoschool.It'sSunday.玛丽不可能去上学，今天是星期天。在表示对过去某事的推测时，可用could/might/m

8、ay+完成时。Theycould/might/mayhaveheardthenewsfromsmith.他们也许从史蜜斯那儿听到了这个消息。6. need+have+过去分词表示过去没有必要做”，但实际做了。有责备的意思。否定形式表示做了本不应该做”的事Youneedn'thavewokenmeupsoearly.It'sSundaytoday.你没有必要这么早就叫醒我，(因为)今天是星期天。Youneedn'thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.你本来不必浇这些花，因为天就要下雨了。Youneedn'thaveto

9、ldhimthenews;heknewitalready.收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除精品文档你不必再告诉他这个消息，他已经知道了。Youneedn'thavewalkedup;youcouldhavetakenthelift.你没必要走着上去；你本来可以乘电梯。didn'tneedtodo(=Ididn'thaveto)的本没有必要做也没有做”Ididn'tneedtogotothebank.IborrowedsomemoneyfromMary.我不必去银行-我找玛丽借了点儿钱.翻译理解以下句子：1. Itmusthaverainedlastnight

10、,forthegroundiswet.2. Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktoananimal.3. Mr.Smithcan'thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.4. Marycan'thavetakenyourdictionary.Shehasgonehome.5. Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?6. Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?7. Hecouldhavepassedthee

11、xam,buthewastoocareless.8. WhathashappenedtoGeorge?Idon'tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.9. Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.10. Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.11. Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.12. Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'tha

12、vebeensoharshonhim.13. IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.14. Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.15. Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwineonlyfivepeoplecame.巩固性练习：从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。1.-Youdidn'twaitforMr.Smithlastnight,didyou?-No,butwe.Hedidn'treturnhomeatall.A. couldn'thavewaitedB. needn'thav没有必

13、要做但实际做了C. didn'tneedtfi有必要做实际也没有做D.shouldwait收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除精品文档2. HarryhavewonthePhysicscompetitioneasilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must3. -MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Smithatsixo'clocktonight-"I'msorry,Mr.Smtoaconferencebeforethen.”A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.would

14、havegoneD.hasgone4. -Tomtookawaymycellphonewithoutbeingpermitted.-Really?Ican'timaginethathehavedonesuchathing.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should5. -WasitMarywhomadethesuggestion?-Ithavebeen.Ican'tremember.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.may6. Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.Ithetroubletocarrymyumbrellawit

15、hme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn'thavetakenD.mustn'thavetaken7. Hepaidforaseat,whenhehaveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need8. Ididn'tseehierthemeetingroomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.A.mustn'thavespokenB.mightn'thavespokenC.can'thavespokenD.shouldn'thavespo

16、ken9. -Hi,isthatPeterBrown?-Sorry.Youthewrongnumber.A.mustdialB.musthavedialedC.shoulddialD.shouldhavedialed10.Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.Theyatleast150kilometersanhour.A. shouldhavebeendoingB. musthavebeendoingC. couldhavedoneD. wouldhavedone11. Heisnotpoor.Youhavelenth

17、imthemoney.A.can'tB.needn'tC.couldn'tD.mustn't12. Therewasplentyoftime.Youhavehurried.收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除精品文档A.won'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.couldn't13. Ihereintime,butImetanoldfriendofmine.Istoppedandtalkedwithhimforsometime.A. shouldn'thavecomeB. musthavecomeC. needn&

18、#39;thavecomeD. couldhavecome14. Theyhavefinishedtheworkyesterday,butitwasraininghard.A.mustB.couldC.shouldD.might15. Hewassenttohospital.Somethingtohim.A. musthappenB. shouldhavehappenedC. couldhavehappenedD. musthavehappened16. Ididn'thearthephone.Iasleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen17. -Irangyourhomeyesterday.AmanansweredbutIdidn'trecognizethevoice.-On,itmybrother,Peter.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.canhavebeenD.mightbeKeysforreference:1-5CAADD6-10CACBB11-15BCDBD16-3BB教学反