牛津上海版中考英语专题复习-5-动词反义句阅读C_学案

1、. 学科老师辅导学案 课程主题： 17-5-动词反义句阅读C 学习目的1.掌握常用的动词短语及辨析。2.掌握反义疑问句的考点。3.掌握首字母填空解题步骤和技巧。教学内容1.连词以及状语从句一.动词短语及动词辨析【知识梳理】1.动词短语动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语，叫作动词短语。动词短语主要有四类：1动词副词。常见的有give up,think over,take off,write down,put off,put on,talk back,turn off,look up,pick up等。这些词组的宾语假如是名词时，既可放在副词前面，又可放在副词之后；宾语假如是人称代词或反身代词时，那

2、么要放在动词和副词中间。如： They have decided to put off the meeting.They have decided to put the meeting off.他们已经决定推延会议了。Smoking is bad for your health. You must give it up.吸烟有害安康，你必须戒掉它。2动词介词。常见的有ask for,care about,look for,look after,look at,listen to,pay for,send for,laugh at,hear offrom,get over等。如：We shoul

3、dn't laugh at others.我们不应该嘲笑别人。3动词副词介词。常见的有look down up on, get on with, catch up with等。如：If you study hard, you'll catch up with your classmates.假如你努力学习，你将会赶上你的同班同学。4动词名词介词。常见的有take care of,make use of,pay attention to,make fun of,take pride in,take part in等。如：Please pay more attention to d

4、etails.2.常用动词搭配梳理使用频率较高的这类动词有：call，cut，come，go，get，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make 等。常见的介词或副词有：in，off，out，up，away，for，on，over等。动词+aboutspeaktalk about 议论 think about 考虑care about 关心，对有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生set about 着手，开场 hear about 听说 worry about 为担忧动词+awaythrow away 扔掉 blow away 吹走carry away 拿

5、走，使入迷 clear away 去除掉，消散die away 逐渐消失,减弱 pass away 去世wash away 冲走 take away 拿走，使消失put away 拾掇起来，存起来 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送动词+forask for 要求得到 care for 关心，喜欢search for 查找 look for 寻找call for 需要，要求 takefor 误以为是动词+downburn down 烧毁 break down 坏了，垮了，分解take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，回绝cut down 削减，砍倒 calm down 平静下

6、来 动词+atwork at 干活动研究 look at 看，注视stare at 凝视 glare at 怒视laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲门、窗等 point at 指向 aim at 向瞄准 call at 拜访地点动词+fromhear from 收到来信 die from 因而死keepstoppreventfrom不让做 learn from 向学习 动词+ofthink of 想到 dream of 梦到consist of 由组成 speak of 谈到die of 死于 hear of 听说complain of 抱怨 动词+offset off 出发 show

7、 off 夸耀get off 下车，脱下衣服等 take off 脱下，起飞see off 送行 put off 延期，推延 fall off 跌落，掉下 keep off 避开，勿走近 pay off 还清；付清；行贿；获得成功 turnswitch off 关掉 动词+ondepend on 依靠 rely on 依靠insist on 坚持 carry on 继续，进展keepgo on 继续 spendon 在花钱put on 穿上，戴上，上演 call on 拜访move on 继续挪动，往前走 live on 以为生动词+outbreak out 爆发 point out 指出pi

8、ck out 选出 carry out 执行，进展 set out 出发，着手，摆放wear out 穿破，使疲劳 turn out 结果是，消费，培养make out 理解，看清楚 come out 出版，出来work out 算出，想出方法等 find out 查出，弄明白 put out 扑灭 run out 用完 go out 熄灭动词+ingive in 让步 hand in 上交succeed in 在获成 join in 参加 take in 接纳，吸收，改小 fill in 填写 动词+intolook into 研究，调查 turn into 变成divideinto 把分成

9、changeinto 把变成 puttranslateinto 把译成动词+overturn over 翻倒，细想 think over 仔细考虑go over 审阅，检查，研究 look over 翻阅，检查 get over 抑制 take over 接收，接替 动词+tobelong to 属于 point to 指向turn to 向求助，查阅 stickholdkeep to 坚持，忠于reply to 答复 get to 到达 write to 写信给supplyto 为提供 add to 增添 动词+upgrow up 成长，长大 give up 放弃，献出build up 建立

10、 set up 架起、建立 put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起 bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出 出现 turn up 开大音量等，出席 stay up 挺住，熬夜 take up 开场学，从事，占据 use up 用完 make up构成，组成 编造 弥补speed up 加快速度 clear up 整理，拾掇，放晴 look up 查找，找出动词+throughget through 通过，干完，接通 look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看go through 审阅，检查，学习 putthrough 接通 动词+withdeal with 处理，对付 talk w

11、ith 同交谈agree with 同意，与一致 compare with 与相比combine with 与相结合 equipwith 以装备coverwith 用覆盖 begin with 以开场end up with 以完毕 supplywith 以供给 providewith 以供给 play with 玩，玩弄3.同一个动词。后面加上不同的小品词即介词或副词：put v.put on 穿；带上；上演put off 延期put out 扑灭put up举起；挂起take v. take away 拿走take off 脱掉衣服等；起飞take out 取出take place 发生；举

12、行take up 开场从事turn v.turn on 翻开电视，电灯，收音机，水龙头等turn off 关掉电视，电灯，收音机，水龙头等turn up 把音量等调高turn down 把音量等调低turn out 结果是；证明是turn over 翻车/ 页 /身turn into 变成go v.go on 继续 go out熄灭 go over 复习 go aheadgo wrong 出错 get v.get back 返回get off 下车get on/in 上车大/小get to 到达get up 起床talk v. talk with/ to sb. 和某人交谈talk about

13、 议论，议论talk over 讨论，商量4.动词及词组辨析5.中考高频动词必背6.中考高频动词词组必背【例题精讲】例1.The two pictures look the same to me. It's hard to_one from the other.A. speak B. say C. talk D. tell例2.The earth is our home. We must_it clean.A. becomeB. change C. build D. keep例3.- Why does your father_you do many maths exercises ev

14、ery day?- Because I'm not good at it.A. tellB. ask C. make D. want例4.The room is very dark. I can't_anything clearly without a light.A. watch B. look C. see D. notice例5.I can't _my pen. Can you _it?A. find; look at B. look at; seeC. look for; look atD. find; see【课堂练习】1.- Look! She's

15、skiing so fast!- Hard to_her legs were once broken.A. know B. realize C. imagine D. find2.Don't forget_thanks when other people help you.A. accept B. to accept C. sayD. to say3.- Why didn't you buy any bread? - Sorry, I_ .A. forget B. forgot C. remember D. remembered4.- I'm afraid a car

16、is too expensive for me.- But more and more Chinese can_to buy it.A. expectB. afford C. choose D. offer5.- Would you help me_this math problem, Mr. Lin? It's too hard for me.- OK. Let me try.A. look after B. work out C. think of D. put on6.- I've_using plastic bags when shopping.- You' r

17、e right. It' s good for our environment.A. stoppedB. finished C. started D. enjoyed7.- Would you please see the film Iron Man 3 with me tonight, Kate?- I'd love to, but I've_Linda's invitation to dinner.A. sufferedB. earned C. receivedD. accepted8.We often_cards to our teachers on Te

18、achers' Day.A. give B. make C. buy D. choose9.If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to_ourselves.A. stand for B. depend onC. live on D. agree with10.- I want a ticket to Shanghai this afternoon, please.- OK. Will you please_me your ID card?A. tellB. serve C. send D. sh

19、ow11.- You should_the shower when you are washing your hair.- OK. I will. We need to save water.A. put on B. put off C. turn off D. turn on12.Last night I_at ten o'clock. Half an hour later, I_.A. slept; fell asleep B. went to bed; fell asleepC. slept; went to bed D. went to bed; slept13.- Jack,

20、 could you help me_when the plane will take off on the Internet?- I'm sorry, my computer doesn't work.A. get out B. look out C. take outD. find out14.- Do you_that Nancy has been a little too quiet these days?- Yes, She didn't even say a word this afternoon.A. hope B. noticeC. explain D.

21、 decide15.-I'm having trouble_ up with the rest of the class.-Please don't _.A. to catch; give upB. catching; give upC. to catch; look up D. catching; look up二.反义疑问句【知识梳理】1.反意疑问句的概念定义：反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，在陈述句之后，附加上一个简短句，对陈述句所表达的事情提出的事情提出相反的疑问，这种疑问句叫反意疑问句。构成：反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是对是对事物的陈述，后一部分是针对所提出是事提出疑

22、问。假如前一部分用肯定式，后一部分就用否认式；假如前一部分用否认式，后一部分就用肯定式。2.考点直击1 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？2 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否认含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。The old man made no answer, did he?Jim is never late for school, is he?3

23、 陈述部分有have to +v. had to + v.，疑问部分常用don't +主语didn't +主语。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?4 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?5 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?You'd better r

24、ead it by yourself, hadn't you?6 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?7 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?8 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。Amust表示“应该，其疑问部分用mustn&

25、#39;t不应该，如：You must work hard next term, mustn't you ? 下学期你应该努力学习，对吗？Bmust表示“必须，其疑问部分用needn't不必，如：They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他们今天必需要完成这项工作，是吗？9 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。Everything is ready, isn't it?10 think引导的宾语从句：A.主语是第一人称I don't

26、 think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can't she?B. 假如主语不是第一人称那么疑问部分与主句相对应构成反意疑问句He thought they were wrong, didn't he? 不能说weren't they?11 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he.Everyone knows the answer, don't they? doesnt

27、he?Nobody knows about it, do they? does he?12 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。Don't do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?13 Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we或用shan't we ?而Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you或won't you?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we或用shan't we?Let

28、us wait for you in the reading-room, will you 或won't you?14 陈述部分是"there be"构造的，疑问部分用there。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?There will not be any trouble, will there?15 否认前缀不能视为否认词，其反意疑问句仍用否认形式。It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to his classmates, i

29、s he?16 must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。He must be there now, isn't he?【例题精讲】例1.- Hi, Sam. Your mother's busy these days,_ ?- Yes. But she says she'll be free soon.A. has she B. is she C. hasn't she D. isn't she例2.- Zhou Weilun could hardly speak English three years ago,_

30、?- No, he couldn't. But now he is quite good at it.A. couldn't he B. could he C. didn't heD. 例3.It's a lovely day today. Let's go and have a picnic,_ ?A. will you B. shall we C. aren't you D. don't we例4.Go out for a walk, _?A. shant weB. shall weC. will youD. will we例5.Er

31、ic's never seen a 3D movie at the cinema,_ ?A. hasn't he B. has he C. isn't he D. is he【课堂练习】1.The old man rarely remembers what has happened, _?A. does heB. doesnt heC. has heD. hasnt he2.Dont smoke in the meeting room.改为反义疑问句Dont smoke in the meeting room, _ _ ?3.Daniel hardly has any

32、spare time for his hobbies,_?-_. He often stays up late to complete the exercise and feels tired.A. does he , YesB. doesnt he , NoC. doesnt he, YesD. does he , No4.“Didnt the robot have a rest? “_. Because it never gets tired.A. No, it didB. Yes, it didC. No, it didntD. Yes, it didnt5.Your naughty b

33、rother hardly puts his books in order, _ he?A. doesn'tB. didn'tC. doesD. did6.Tom rarely has lunch at home.改为反义疑问句Tom rarely has lunch at home, _ _ ?7.Nothing seems to please her, _?A. does itB. doesn't itC. is itD. isn't it8.上海青浦/静安区二模The gas from the vehicles has caused serious env

34、ironmental pollution,_ ?A. isnt itB. wasnt itC. doesnt itD. hasnt it9.The doctor tried everything he could to save the sick and the injured, ?A. doesn't heB. can't heC. didn't heD. couldn't he10.Be earlier next time, _?_. Thank you for advising.A. will you; Yes, I won'tB. will yo

35、u; OKC. won't you; YesD. won't you; No, I won't11.What fresh air, _?A. is itB. does itC. isn't itD. doesn't it12.Shes never been to Hong Kong, _?-_. But how she wishes to go there again!A. is she;YesB. is she; NoC. has she; YesD. has she; No13.Lets bring our friends confidence an

36、d hopes when they are in trouble,_?A. do youB. shall weC. will youD. do we14.I think he must be in his office now, _?A. must heB. cant heC. mustnt heD. isnt he15.Its the third time that John has been late, _?A. hasn't heB. isn't heC. isn't itD. hasn't it三.首字母填空【知识梳理】1.题型概述首字母填空的侧重点在于

37、考察考生在阅读、理解文章主旨大意的根底上，根据自身所具备的知识和才能，通过理解和逻辑思维推理及综合判断，写出正确内容，是知识与才能的综合性试题。这种试题的首字母已给，所填的就必须是以该字母开头的单词。这既是一种限制，又是一种提示。可是这种题型难度相对较大，考生失分现象比较严重。考生要仔细阅读全文，利用上下文提供的有关信息，再仔细阅读相关句子，判断所缺单词的词性，综合各方面信息填出所缺单词。要做好此类题目，考生不但要有较强的语感，擅长体会上下文的内在联络，而且要有扎实的语言知识储藏和较大的词汇量。2.常用解题步骤和技巧：1通读全文首字母填空所填的单词要使各句句子意思完好，上下文互相衔接，因此，在

38、落笔做题前一定要先通读全文，根本把握语篇的大意。2根据词组搭配填词有些空格与固定搭配或词组表达有关，要充分利用自己平时所积累的词组搭配来考虑填什么词。3运用语法知识剖析构造，判断所需的词是什么词类修饰名词一般用形容词；修饰动词一般用副词。名词前常会有冠词、代词；动词前可能有情态动词、助动词等。假如是两个分句，就得看两句之间的关系。假设两句中的一句和另一句是并列关系，就用并列连词；假设两句中的一句附属于另一句，那么用附属连词；然后根据意义考虑是时间、地点、原因还是方式，是转折还是因果关系，来决定用什么连词。另外，在根据文中意义决定了所填的词之后，还要注意使用它的正确形式，如，名词要注意单、复数；

39、人称代词要注意主格、宾格或所有格；动词要注意时态、语态或非谓语形式；形容词、副词要注意比较级和最高级等。4根据全文的整体意义判断根据全文的整体意义、上下文隐含的意思、作者的情感、立场等各方面的知识、文章所处的文化气氛等解题是更重要的方法，也是首字母填空题的难点所在。5学会在头脑中构建画面，利用想象，进展整体判断3.解题本卷须知1做首字母填空题时必须注意不要急于填词，不要孤立地从一个单句去确定要填的词，因为有时填人的词从脱离语境的单句来看似乎是正确的，但从上下文来看是不符合逻辑的。2首字母填空不是按照先易后难的顺序设空的，因此答题时遇到不会做或者答案难以确定时，不必着急，不妨继续答题，待看完全文

40、后，再回过头作判断。3填完所缺的词，将全文再朗读几遍，从文章的意义和语法的角度再次审查全文是否通顺正确。4要做好首字母填空题，首先要积累语言材料，也就是说平时要加强阅读，以增强语感。要多积累一些词汇，并理解它们的意义和用法。要扎实掌握学过的词法、句法，学会进展语法分析，同时要增强各方面的知识，还要增强思维才能，培养逻辑推理才能，要能分析、归纳，抓住要点，合理想象。阅读是英语学习中的一个难点，首字母填空又是最令人头痛的一环。它不但考察考生对语篇的理解才能，而且考察考生理解语篇过程中的分析判断、句子成分与词性的对应关系、语法构造、词义辨析等全方位的综合才能。只有县备了相当词汇量、扎实的语法知识、充

41、分的扩散性思维和严密的逻辑推理才能的考生，才能很好地完成这个题目，使文章通顺畅达，恢复原样。【例题精讲】例1. At some time in your life, you might have a roommate. It is a good idea to share a flat, especially for students or people who have just finished school, because flats are usually expensive. And m_ is not the only reason for having a roommate.

42、Sharing a flat can be fun. But life with a roommate can also be a t_ experience. Some experts did a study of college students who shared a room. They found that students who had problems with their roommates were not happy at school and were more likely to get sick than other students. So, how can y

43、ou l_ with a roommate and enjoy it? Here is some advice: Being roommates with a friend can be hard. Friends may be different when you stay with them all the time from when you don't see them very o_ So, before you plan to share a room with a friend, discuss the situation carefully. If you decide

44、 to share a room with someone you don't know, talk to each other. It's important to be h_ about your habits and things you hate. When you move in with a roommate, make rules. Decide how you will share h_ such as cleaning, washing and shopping. Will you share food? Is it OK to have guests? An

45、d what about loud music? Don't get angry at small things that your roommate does. Try to f_ the unhappy things between you and your roommate. No one - including you- is perfect.【课堂练习】1. If a snake bite you, take a photo with your mobile phone! It can s_ your life. This is the surprising advice o

46、f a British cook.One day Henry Jackson was working in a restaurant kitchen. He picked up a dish from a table, and s_ a snake appeared and hit him on the hand. A few days earlier, the snake came to the restaurant from Asia in a box of bananas. It climbed out of the box and hid u_ the dish. “I tried t

47、o pick it up and it bit me. I threw it away but it landed in the fridge. So I closed the door.Jackson said. Anyway, Jackson stayed cool and he took a photo of the snake with his mobile phone. Soon his hand began to ache痛 and he went to h_ . Then his chest部 began to hurt. Doctors couldnt say what was wrong because they don't know what kind of snake it was. Then Jackson r_ his mobile phone photo .The doctors sent it to London Zoo. When they knew the kind of snake, they could give Jackson the r_ medicine, and he left hospital the next day.“So my advice is this: If a snake bites you, pick u