高考英语单项选择题命题特点及解题思路

1、高考英语高考英语单项选择题命题特点及解题策略单项选择题命题特点及解题策略南京市金陵中学南京市金陵中学 邢文骏邢文骏高考英语单项选择题命题特点及解题策略高考英语单项选择题命题特点及解题策略1 1考试要求考试要求 要求考生能运用基本的英语语法知识要求考生能运用基本的英语语法知识, ,掌掌握约握约35003500个单词和个单词和400-500400-500个习惯用语或固个习惯用语或固定搭配定搭配. . 在实际的在实际的, , 特定的情景中考查语法特定的情景中考查语法和词汇知识和词汇知识, , 语言服务于具体的交际行为语言服务于具体的交际行为, , 体现体现突出语境突出语境, , 强化语意强化语意,

2、, 突出语篇突出语篇, ,强调强调运用运用的命题特点的命题特点. .二二. . 考试内容考试内容 试题从五个方面考查学生的语言知识试题从五个方面考查学生的语言知识: : 基础语法知识基础语法知识; ; 语法知识的运用能力语法知识的运用能力; ; 词组词组的搭配和习惯用法的搭配和习惯用法; ; 对词义的正确理解对词义的正确理解; ; 日常交际用语日常交际用语. .三三. . 近四年来江苏高考英语单项选择题考点分布情况近四年来江苏高考英语单项选择题考点分布情况 年份及题号年份及题号 考点考点20042004200520052006200620072007冠词冠词272721212121代词代词21

3、2126262222连词连词232334343131介词介词24242424形容词形容词3030282833332929副词副词22222626 年份及题号年份及题号 考点考点20042004200520052006200620072007短语动词短语动词29292323252524,3424,34情态动词情态动词2222313121212222时态语态时态语态26,3426,34292923,27,3423,27,3423,2723,27非谓语非谓语动词动词313125,2725,2730,3230,3228,30,28,30,3535动词动词25,3025,303030平均每年有题考查动词

4、知识！平均每年有题考查动词知识！ 年份及题号年份及题号 考点考点20042004200520052006200620072007虚拟语气虚拟语气3333词序词序323235353131复合句复合句3333323229,3529,3525,3325,33交际英语交际英语 28,3528,352424282832,2632,26四四. . 考点分布及命题特点考点分布及命题特点1.1.语法内容考查全面语法内容考查全面 严格按照严格按照英语课程标准英语课程标准的要求的要求, ,考题考题覆盖面广覆盖面广, ,对知识点的考查全面对知识点的考查全面.2004-2007.2004-2007年年江苏卷江苏卷15

5、15个单项选择题均涉及了个单项选择题均涉及了10-1510-15个知识个知识点点, ,覆盖了覆盖了英语课程标准英语课程标准要求学生掌握的要求学生掌握的绝大部分主干知识绝大部分主干知识. .2. 2. 热点热点, , 重点重点, , 难点突出难点突出 考题突出考查热点考题突出考查热点, , 重点重点, , 难点语法难点语法项目以及这些语法项目中的热点项目以及这些语法项目中的热点, , 重点重点, , 难点问题难点问题. . (1) 2007(1) 2007年江苏卷的年江苏卷的1515个单项选择题中个单项选择题中, , 与动词有关的有与动词有关的有8 8题题: 23, 27: 23, 27题考查动

6、词的题考查动词的时态语态时态语态; 28, 30, 35; 28, 30, 35题考查非谓语动词题考查非谓语动词; ; 2222题考查情态动词题考查情态动词; 24, 34; 24, 34题考查短语动题考查短语动词词. . 动词是英语中最活跃的词类动词是英语中最活跃的词类, 是句子的是句子的核心成分核心成分, 是学习的重点是学习的重点; 英语动词的变化英语动词的变化较多较多, 形式复杂形式复杂, 又是英语学习的难点又是英语学习的难点. (2) 从句子的层面来看从句子的层面来看,考查重点放在复合考查重点放在复合句和交际用语上句和交际用语上.3. 3. 强调语法和词汇知识在特定情景中的运用强调语法

7、和词汇知识在特定情景中的运用 以对话形式设计的题目数量逐年增加以对话形式设计的题目数量逐年增加, , 题干题干的阅读量总体上扩大了的阅读量总体上扩大了, , 对情景理解和语言运用对情景理解和语言运用能力的要求提高了能力的要求提高了. . 年份年份20042004200520052006200620072007 题数题数3 35 55 57 7五五. . 知识点的考查及复习策略知识点的考查及复习策略1.1. 冠词冠词(1) (07/21) We have every reason to believe (1) (07/21) We have every reason to believe tha

8、t _ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games that _ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be _ success.will be _ success. A. /;a B. the; / C. the; a D. a; a A. /;a B. the; / C. the; a D. a; a解析解析: the Olympic Games/ the Olympics: the Olympic Games/ the Olympics an Olympic athlete an Olympic athlete a success/ failure a

9、 success/ failure答案答案:C:C(2) (05/21) On May 5, 2005, at_ World (2) (05/21) On May 5, 2005, at_ World Table Tennis Championship, Table Tennis Championship, KongLinghuiKongLinghui and and WangHaoWangHao won the gold medal in mens won the gold medal in mens doubles with _ score of 4: 1.doubles with _ s

10、core of 4: 1.A.A. a; a B. a; a B. 不填不填; the C. a; ; the C. a; 不填不填 D. the; D. the; a a解析解析: the World Trade Organization (WTO): the World Trade Organization (WTO)the World Health Organization (WHO)the World Health Organization (WHO)a world of difference/ a world of wondersa world of difference/ a wo

11、rld of wondersa score of a score of 的分数的分数答案答案:D:D(3) (04/27) Tom owns _larger collection (3) (04/27) Tom owns _larger collection of _ books than any other student in of _ books than any other student in our class.our class.A.A. the; the; 不填不填 B. a; B. a; 不填不填 C. a; the D. C. a; the D. 不填不填; the; th

12、e解析解析: a collection of (junk/rubbish/ people) : a collection of (junk/rubbish/ people) 成堆的人或物成堆的人或物 a kind/ variety/ mass/ number/ a kind/ variety/ mass/ number/ quantity ofquantity of/ plenty of/ plenty of 答案答案:B:B命题趋势和复习策略命题趋势和复习策略: : 冠词主要考查语意和规则冠词主要考查语意和规则, , 从近几年命从近几年命题来看有题来看有重重语意表达语意表达轻轻规则记忆的特点

13、规则记忆的特点, ,提提高了对学生语境理解的要求高了对学生语境理解的要求. . 复习时应关注复习时应关注冠词使用的一些特定的场合冠词使用的一些特定的场合, , 解题时从情景解题时从情景语意入手语意入手, , 合理使用规则合理使用规则. .2. 2. 代词代词(1) (06/22) My most famous relative of all, (1) (06/22) My most famous relative of all, _who really left his mark on America, _who really left his mark on America, was Rob

14、 was Rob SusselSussel, my great grandfather., my great grandfather. A. one A. one B. the one B. the oneC. he D. someoneC. he D. someone解析解析: one = a relative (: one = a relative (泛指泛指) ) the one = the relative ( the one = the relative (特指特指) )答案答案: B: B(2) (05/26) Im moving to the countryside (2) (0

15、5/26) Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher because the air there is much fresher than_ in the city.than_ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those A. ones B. one C. that D. those解析解析: that = the air (air : that = the air (air 不可数不可数) )答案答案: C: C(3) (04/21) I will nev

16、er know what was on his (3) (04/21) I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will_.mind at the time, nor will_.A.A. anyone B. anyone else anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else C. no one D. no one else解析解析: anyone else = any other person: anyone else = any other person答案答案: B:

17、 B命题趋势和复习策略命题趋势和复习策略: 近几年代词考查主要集中在替代词近几年代词考查主要集中在替代词/指指代词和不定代词的掌握上代词和不定代词的掌握上. 要求学生熟要求学生熟练掌握练掌握one/ ones; that/ those; 以以any/ every/ no 开头的不定代词的运用开头的不定代词的运用. 解解题时使用语意还原法题时使用语意还原法.3. 3. 连词连词(1)(1)(06/31) _ environmental damage is (06/31) _ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the eco

18、system done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.to recover. A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once解析解析: even if : even if 即使即使/ if only / if only 但愿但愿 while while 虽然虽然/ / once once 一旦一旦就就答案答案: D: D(2) (05/34) Unlike watching TV, reading is a (2) (

19、05/34) Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process _ it requires highly active process _ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.attention as well as memory and imagination. A. until B. but C. unless D. for A. until B. but C. unless D. for解析解析: for : for 因为因为, ,由于由于, ,表示对上

20、文的补充说明表示对上文的补充说明. .答案答案: D: D(3) (04/23) (3) (04/23) I accept that he is I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless解析解析: while : while 虽然虽然, ,引导表示让步关系的状语从句引导表示让

21、步关系的状语从句. .答案答案: A: A命题趋势和复习策略命题趋势和复习策略: 近几年连词考查主要集中在引导状语近几年连词考查主要集中在引导状语从句的连词的掌握上从句的连词的掌握上. 要求学生熟练掌要求学生熟练掌握引导状语从句的一些重点连词握引导状语从句的一些重点连词,做好知做好知识储备识储备. 解题时从上下句的逻辑关系入解题时从上下句的逻辑关系入手手.4. 4. 介词介词(1)(1)(06/24) This new model of car is so (06/24) This new model of car is so expensive that it is _ the reach

22、of expensive that it is _ the reach of those with average income.those with average income. A. over B. within C. beyond D. below A. over B. within C. beyond D. below解析：解析：beyond beyond 超出范围超出范围答案：答案：(2) (04/24) He got to the station(2) (04/24) He got to the stationearly,early,_ missing his train._ m

23、issing his train. A. in case of B. instead of A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of C. for fear of D. in search of解析：解析：in case ofin case of如果，假使；如果，假使；for fear of for fear of 以免以免答案：答案：5. 5. 形容词形容词(1) (07/29) With April 18s railway speedup, (1) (07/29) With April 18s railway sp

24、eedup, highway and air transport will have to highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for pete with _ service for passengers. A. good A. good B. better C. best B. better C. bestD. the bestD. the best解析：铁路运输和航空运输比较用比较级解析：铁路运输和航空运输比较用比较级答案：答案：(2) (06/33) I wish youd do _ talking

25、(2) (06/33) I wish youd do _ talking and some more work. Thus things will become and some more work. Thus things will become better.better. A. a bit less A. a bit less B. any less B. any less C. much more C. much more D. a little more D. a little more解析：解析：a bit less (a bit less (少一点少一点) )对应对应 some

26、more (some more (多一点多一点) )答案：答案：(3) (05/28) David has won the first prize in (3) (05/28) David has won the first prize in singing; hesinging; heis still very excited now and is still very excited now and feels_ desire to go to bed.feels_ desire to go to bed. A. the most B. more C. worse D. the least

27、 A. the most B. more C. worse D. the least解析：解析：the least desire the least desire 一点都不想一点都不想答案：答案：(4) (04/30) A man is being questioned in (4) (04/30) A man is being questioned in relation to the _ murder last night.relation to the _ murder last night. A. advised A. advised B. attended B. attended C

28、. attempted C. attempted D. admittedD. admitted解析：解析：attemptedattemptedadj.adj.未遂的（未遂的（murder/robbery)murder/robbery) be admitted to be admitted to sthsth. . 准许加入，接受准许加入，接受答案：答案：命题趋势和复习策略命题趋势和复习策略: 近几年形容词的考查主要集中在形容近几年形容词的考查主要集中在形容词的比较级和最高级在具体情景中的使词的比较级和最高级在具体情景中的使用用, 并要求学生熟练掌握一些重点形容词并要求学生熟练掌握一些重点形容词

29、的意义的意义, 进行词义辨析进行词义辨析.6. 6. 副词副词(1)(1) (06/26) The committee is discussing the (06/26) The committee is discussing the problem right now. it will _ have problem right now. it will _ have been solved by the end of next week.been solved by the end of next week. A. eagerlyA. eagerly B. hopefully B. hope

30、fully C. immediatelyC. immediatelyD. graduallyD. gradually解析：解析：eagerly eagerly 迫切的迫切的; hopefully ; hopefully 有希望地有希望地immediately immediately 即刻地；即刻地；gradually gradually 逐渐地逐渐地答案：答案：(2) (05/22) - How is everything going on (2) (05/22) - How is everything going on with you inwith you inEurope?Europe?

31、 - -Quite well. Not so smoothly Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped, _.as I hoped, _. A. though B. instead C. either D. too A. though B. instead C. either D. too解析：解析：though though 虽然但是虽然但是答案：答案：7. 7. 短语动词短语动词(1) (07/24) - Have you _ some new ideas?(1) (07/24) - Have you _ some new ideas? - Yeah.

32、 Ill tell you later. - Yeah. Ill tell you later. A. come about A. come about B. come into B. come into C. come up with C. come up with D. come out withD. come out with解析：解析：come aboutcome about发生发生; come into; come into继承，得到继承，得到 come up with come up with想出想出; come out with; come out with说出说出答案：答案：(

33、2) (07/34) - Do you think that housing (2) (07/34) - Do you think that housing price will keep _ in price will keep _ in the years to come?the years to come? - Sorry, I have no idea. - Sorry, I have no idea. A. lifting up A. lifting up B. going up B. going up C. bringing up C. bringing upD. growing

34、upD. growing up解析：解析：lift up lift up 举起，抬高举起，抬高; go up; go up上升，上涨上升，上涨 bring up bring up抚养，提出抚养，提出; grow up; grow up 长高答案：答案：(3) (06/25) - Are you going to have a (3) (06/25) - Are you going to have a holiday this year?holiday this year? - Id love to. I cant wait - Id love to. I cant wait to to lea

35、ve this place _.leave this place _. A. off A. off B. out B. out C. behind C. behind D. overD. over解析：解析：leave off leave off 停止，中断停止，中断; leave out; leave out遗漏遗漏 leave behind leave behind永久离开永久离开; leave over; leave over剩下剩下答案：答案：(4) (05/23) Everybody in the village likes (4) (05/23) Everybody in the

36、village likes Jack because he is good at telling and Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes._ jokes. A. turning up B. putting up A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up C. making up D. showing up解析：解析：turn upturn up调高，出现调高，出现; put up; put up搭建，举起搭建，举起 make up make up组成，编造组成，编造

37、; show up; show up出现，露面出现，露面答案：答案：(5) (04/29) Its ten years since the scientist (5) (04/29) Its ten years since the scientist _on his lifes work of discovering the _on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical.valuable chemical. A. made for B. set out A. made for B. set out C. took off D.

38、turned up C. took off D. turned up解析：解析：make for make for 朝走去朝走去 set outset out出发，开始出发，开始 take off take off起飞，脱去，成功起飞，脱去，成功turn upturn up调高，露面调高，露面答案：答案：命题趋势和复习策略命题趋势和复习策略: 近几年短语动词的考查主要集中在一些近几年短语动词的考查主要集中在一些活跃的动词与副词构成的短语意义的掌握活跃的动词与副词构成的短语意义的掌握上上, 学生应充分关注学生应充分关注 take/ make/ turn/ come/ hold/ bring/ k

39、eep/ leave/ hand等动词与等动词与out/ off/ up/ over/ about/ down/ on/ in 等副词组合成的短语词义等副词组合成的短语词义的复习的复习 .8. 8. 情态动词情态动词(1)(1)(07/22) - She looks very happy. She (07/22) - She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam._ have passed the exam. - I guess so. Its not difficult - I guess so. Its not difficult aft

40、er all.after all. A. shouldA. shouldB. couldB. couldC. mustC. mustD. mightD. might解析：解析：should have done should have done sthsth. .应该做了某事应该做了某事 could/ might have done could/ might have done sthsth. .可能做了某事可能做了某事 must have done must have donesthsth 肯定做了某事肯定做了某事答案：答案：(2) (06/21) - I think I(2) (06/21)

41、 - I think Illll give Bob a give Bob a ring.ring. - You _. You havent been - You _. You havent beenin in touch with him for ages.touch with him for ages. A. will B. may A. will B. mayC. have to C. have to D. shouldD. should解析：解析：should should 应该应该答案：答案：( () (05/31) - The woman biologist stayed ) (05

42、/31) - The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.before she returned. - Oh, dear! She _ a lot - Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! of difficulties!A. may go through A. may go through B. might go throug

43、hB. might go throughC. ought to have gone through C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone throughD. must have gone through解析：解析：ought to have done ought to have done sthsth. .应该做了某事应该做了某事must have donemust have donesthsth 肯定做过了某事肯定做过了某事答案：答案：( () (04/22) - I dont mind telling you ) (04/22) -

44、 I dont mind telling you what I know.what I know. - You - You . Im . Im not asking you for it.not asking you for it.A.A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. needntneednt解析：解析：mustnt mustnt 禁止不允许禁止不允许 may not may not 可能不；可能不；cantcant不可能不可能 neednt neednt 没有必要没有必要答案：答案：命题趋势和复习策略命题

45、趋势和复习策略: 表猜测的情态动词是学生掌握的重点表猜测的情态动词是学生掌握的重点和难点解题时要深刻体会说话者的情和难点解题时要深刻体会说话者的情感态度，准确把握说话者的语气，结合感态度，准确把握说话者的语气，结合情景做出合理判断情景做出合理判断.9. 9. 时态语态时态语态(1)(1)(07/23) At the end of the meeting, it was (07/23) At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement _.announced that an agreement _. A. has been

46、 reached A. has been reached B. had been reachedB. had been reached C. has reached C. has reached D. had reachedD. had reached解析：过去完成时表过去的过去解析：过去完成时表过去的过去答案：答案：(2) (07/27) - _ you _ him around the (2) (07/27) - _ you _ him around the museum yet?museum yet? - Yes. We had a great time there. - Yes. We

47、 had a great time there. A. Have A. Have shown shown B. Do B. Do show show C. Had C. Had shown shown D. Did D. Did show show解析：解析：yet/ already yet/ already 连用现在完成时连用现在完成时答案：答案：(3) (06/23) - I dont suppose the police (3) (06/23) - I dont suppose the police know who did it.know who did it. - Well, sur

48、prisingly they do. - Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and A man has been arrested and _ now._ now.A. has been questionedA. has been questionedB. is being questionedB. is being questionedC. is questioningC. is questioningD. has questionedD. has questioned解析：解析：now now 连用现在进行时连用现在进行

49、时答案：答案：(4) (06/27) Although medical science _ (4) (06/27) Although medical science _ control over several dangerous diseases, control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are what worries us is that some of them are returning.returning. A. achieved A. achieved B. has

50、 achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve C. will achieve D. had achieved D. had achieved解析：解析：has achieved has achieved 到目前为止已经取得了到目前为止已经取得了答案：答案：( () (05/29) They _ on the program for ) (05/29) They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and almost one week before I joined them

51、, and now we_now we_on it as no good results have on it as no good results have come out so e out so far.A.A. had been working; are still working had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still workingB. had worked; were still workingC. have been working; have worked C. have been worki

52、ng; have worked D. have worked; are still workingD. have worked; are still working解析：在解析：在before引导的从句前发生的动作并强调动引导的从句前发生的动作并强调动作的持续用过去完成进行时，作的持续用过去完成进行时，now连用现在进行连用现在进行时时答案：答案：( () (04/26) More patients _ in hospital ) (04/26) More patients _ in hospital this year than last year.this year than last y

53、ear. A. treated A. treated B. have treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated C. had been treated D. have been treated解析：解析：this year this year 连用现在完成时连用现在完成时答案：答案：(7) (04/34) Sales of CDs have greatly (7) (04/34) Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when

54、increased since the early 1990s, when people_people_ to enjoy the advantages of to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.this new technology.A.A. begin B. began begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun C. have begun D. had begun解析：解析：whenwhen引导的定语从句修饰引导的定语从句修饰1990s,1990s,表发生在表发生在 过去的动作，用一般过去时

55、过去的动作，用一般过去时答案：答案：命题趋势和复习策略命题趋势和复习策略: 近几年时态的考查主要集中在完成时，近几年时态的考查主要集中在完成时，进行时等主干时态的掌握上进行时等主干时态的掌握上. 要求学生熟要求学生熟练掌握几种主干时态的基本概念练掌握几种主干时态的基本概念. 解题时解题时充分挖掘时间副词，短语，时间状语从句充分挖掘时间副词，短语，时间状语从句提供的信息提供的信息.10. 10. 非谓语动词非谓语动词(1) (07/28) - Can I smoke here?(1) (07/28) - Can I smoke here? - Sorry. We dont allow _ her

56、e. - Sorry. We dont allow _ here. A. people smoking A. people smoking B. people smoke B. people smoke C. to smoke C. to smoke D. smoking D. smoking解析：解析：allow doing allow doing sthsth. .允许做某事允许做某事 allow allow sbsb. to do . to do sthsth. .允许某人做某事允许某人做某事permit/ forbid/ advise doing permit/ forbid/ adv

57、ise doing sthsth. .答案：答案：(2) (07/30) He is very popular among his (2) (07/30) He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures._ in his lectures. A. interested A. interested B. interesting B. interesting C. interest C. i

58、nterest D. to interest D. to interest解析：解析：make + o + make + o + o.co.c.( do/ done/ adj./ n ).( do/ done/ adj./ n )interested interested 感兴趣的；感兴趣的；interestinginteresting有趣的有趣的interestinterest使感兴趣使感兴趣答案：答案：( () (06/30) Whenever he was asked why he was ) (06/30) Whenever he was asked why he was late f

59、or class, he would answer carelessly, late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing.always _ the same thing.A.A. saying B. saidsaying B. saidC. to sayC. to say D. having saidD. having said解析解析: : 现在分词做状语现在分词做状语答案答案: : ( () (06/32) - There is a story here in the ) (06/32) - Ther

60、e is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. paper about a 110-year-old man. - My goodness! I cant imagine - My goodness! I cant imagine _ that old. _ that old. A. to be A. to be B. to have been B. to have been C. being D. having been C. being D. having been解析解析: imagine : imagine sthsth