四级图表作文

1、图表作文题型介绍“图表作文”是指根据统计数据表格(table)、坐标曲线图(line graph)、条形图(bar chart)、饼形图(pie chart)等写出的作文。图表作文的写作要求考生对比、分析数据、发现规律，提出主题，进而说明原因，给出建议或结论。CET四、六级考试图表作文的独特之处在于开头先对图表所反映的变化、趋势、倾向进行概述，而其后两部分的写作又可演变成命题作文的写作（问题解决型或观点评述型）。 图表作文写作步骤开门见山地描述数据，分析数据间的主要差异及趋势，说明数据所反映的现象或问题，点明本图表所反映的主题。考生不必对每个数据都进行描述，而应选择有代表性或有规律性的典型数据

2、。说明造成数据间差异、变化等的理由，注意层次清晰、逻辑合理。归纳总结或发表评论。陈述个人观点，指出这些现象、问题的后果或带来的影响，并指出解决措施等。图表作文的基本框架1概述图表主题。分析原因。提出解决办法或建议。图表作文的基本框架2概述图表主题。对这一问题的对立观点。我的观点真题回放2012年12月CET-4真题作文For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below

3、 (Weekly earnings in 2010). Please give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.范文1 Education PaysNumerous individuals are questioning the worth of higher education with the job market weakening, yet the char

4、t of weekly earnings in 2010 reveals a forceful counterevidence that the income is proportional to one's educational background. Those with a doctoral degree earn nearly 3.5 times every week as much as those with a less-than-a-high-school diploma.（阐明图表趋势，用典型的数据例证，不必列出所有数据） As an increasing numbe

5、r of graduates find it difficult to get a satisfactory job after years of perseverance in their studies, a hot debate arises on whether education pays. Proponents insist that education is the ticket to a steadier and better-paying job and the basis of a comfortable life. On the other hand, the oppon

6、ents assume that they will not stake their money on such a risky investment which does not guarantee a promising or profitable career. （对立的观点） However, we should not stop eating for fear of choking（因噎废食）. In my opinion, a better education, in most cases, not only means a better job, a higher salary

7、and a lower unemployment risk, but a paving stone to the integrated development and further improvement of oneself. In a broad sense, it is education that contributes to the development and advancement of the whole nation, which in turn benefits every individual. In conclusion, education is a worthy

8、 investment.（我的观点）范文2 Education Pays Given is a simple but enlightening chart by US Bureau of Labor in2010. It has become a trend for doctors, masters and bachelors to earn more money in a week in US- $1551, $1272 and $1038. Meanwhile, we can notice that weekly earnings of college graduates with no

9、degrees, those with high school diploma and people with less than high school diploma were $712, $626 and $444 respectively.Obviously, this chart can be naturally associated with the importance of education: if individuals intend to acquire/ gain/ get better earnings, it is advisable for them to gai

10、n higher degrees. In contemporary America, it has become a trend for a host of companies/firms/corporations/ organizations to hire doctors and masters and pay them better salaries. It is education that enables them to build up adequate knowledge, skills and ability to deal with important tasks. As a

11、 matter of fact, employees and employers in large numbers have come to realize the significance of higher degrees. （原因分析）As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by studying hard and getting better degrees. Do bear in mind: education is a

12、 worthy investment. （建议）2012年1 2月大学英语六级考试真题(三)Directions': For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Global Shortage of Fresh Water. Your essay should start with a brief description of the tables. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.国际公认

13、标准人均水资源量（立方米人) 轻度缺水 2 0003 000 中度缺水 1 0002 000 重度缺水 5001 000 极度缺水 500 国家法国以色列加拿大英国中国德国人均水资源量(立方米人)3 370 250 91420 2 460 2 140 1 8702010年人均水资源量统计结果 Global Shortage of Fresh WaterAs is vividly indicated in the above tables, nowadays, with the development of modern industry and economy, more and more c

14、ountries are concerned about the problem of global shortage of fresh water. In the year 2010, according to the international standard of water shortage, only two countries out of six are not in the list of water shortage. There is one country extremely short of fresh water. Some people think that fr

15、esh water is inexhaustible；nevertheless, fresh water resources are scarce. The reasons for the global shortage of fresh water are as follows. Firstly, with the growth of world population and industrial development, the need of fresh water has been increased. Secondly, water pollution all over the wo

16、rld makes shortage worse. From the changes reflected in the tables, we can see it is quite urgent that effective measures be taken to tackle the problem. There is no doubt that everyone should save water consciously in daily life. In addition, regulations should be laid down by the government to cur

17、b water pollution. Perhaps people can hardly rely on one way to solve the problem completely.往年真题范文1 Ownership of Houses in a Big City in China 根据上图描述该市住房产权的变化。分析产生这些变化的原因。说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响。Changes in the Ownership of HousesAs can be seen from the chart, ownership of houses has significantly changed

18、 in the 1990s. While the number of state-owned houses decreased, that of private houses increased. In 1990, seventy-five percent of houses were state-owned, but by the end of the century, 80 percent of houses were private. Two main reasons can account for this trend. For one thing, with the reform a

19、nd open policy in the 1990s, the government pushed through a housing reform, which put a stop to Chinas low-rent welfare allocation system and promoted the privatization of the state-owned houses. People were encouraged to buy houses or apartments they were living in. For another, with the developme

20、nt of Chinas economy, people are better off now than 10 years ago. They require better living conditions, and more and more people have the ability to buy a house of their own. And those who cannot afford to buy a house can have one by installments as banks offer mortgage at low interest. Such chang

21、es have had great influence on the society as well as the individuals. The government no longer has the burden of providing houses for people and it can focus on the development of economy. As for the individuals, they are encouraged to be more independent and work harder than before. Although they

22、have to save money to buy houses, they are glad their dream of having a house of their own has come true. 范文2Film Is Giving Way to TV电影观众越来越少。电视观众越来越多, 因为然而, 还是有人喜欢看电影. 因为Film Is Giving Way to TVAs is clearly shown in the graph, the number of filmgoers decreased dramatically from 85,000 to 15,000 be

23、tween 1975 and 1985. This indicates that film is losing appeal to more and more people. Meanwhile, there were more and more TV-watchers. TVs amazing popularity is associated with great convenience it offers. People can watch TV at home quite comfortably while drinking, eating, and chatting with fami

24、ly members. In addition, TV is more informative with a variety of programs; and people can choose and enjoy their favorite programs. Moreover, compared with the high price of film tickets, watching TV is a much cheaper form of entertainment. Nevertheless, there are still a number of film fans. They

25、claim that cinema has a special atmosphere that is not available at home. As far as they are concerned, going to see a film is a formal and decent kind of entertainment. 范文3 Average Number of Hours a Student Spends on the Computer per Week上图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况, 请描述其变化；请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算

26、机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)；你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。Students Use of Computers Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. As is revealed in the graph, the average number of hours a student spends on computers per week has increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it rose

27、 to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours. However, the factors triggered this change are no difficult to understand. Firstly, computers have now become an essential part of our modem society and have greatly facilitated us in almost every aspect of life. Secondly, the fast de

28、velopment of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact friends in remote places and search for needed information through the Internet. Thirdly, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to get access to them. Along with the i

29、ncreasing time spent on computers, there are some problems. The most serious one is that many students are spending so much time playing PC games or chatting online that they ignore their normal studies. It is urgent for the students to use computers in a proper way. 图表作文常用表达描述上升趋势：动词或动词词组：to increa

30、se, to go up, to rise, to grow, to jump, to leap, to soar, to shoot, to mount, to rocket名词：an increase, a growth, a jump, a soar, an upward trend描述下降趋势：动词或动词词组：to fall, to decrease, to go down, to slide, to collapse, to decline, to drop, to reduce名词：a collapse, a decrease, a fall, a decline, a drop描

31、述平稳趋势：to hardly change, to have little change, to keep steady, to level off, to remain constant, to stay the same表示比较的词汇： by/in contract, compared with, on the contrary, likewise 表示“表明”的动词：show, describe, portray, illustrate, indicate, reveal, represent, present表示程度的副词：程度较大：considerably, dramaticall

32、y, greatly, markedly, obviously, quickly, rapidly, sharply, significantly, suddenly, steeply, excessively程度较小：slightly, gradually, slowly, steadily表示趋势的名词: tendency, trend, inclination 表示时间的介词和介词词组in, fromto, between.and, duringand, at the start of , by the end of , over , at the end of , throughout

33、 表示不足的词或词组：up to, below, under, almost, nearly表示超过的词或词组：exceed; over, more than, just over表示大约的词：about, approximately， roughly， around， close to， just about， more or less， or so 2.4.5 图表作文经典句型A开头常用句型1. According to the figures given in the table, 2. The table/pie chart/bar chart/line chart shows/ind

34、icates that 3. The chart/diagram shows there is a declining/increasing trend offrom4. It can be seen from the graph that5. As we can see from the graph, 6. As can be seen from the chart, 7. As is shown in the table, 8. As is revealed/indicated in the graph, the number of grew dramatically since9. Th

35、e line graph presents the number of10. The chart describes the percentage of11. The figures in the table illustrate the ratio of12. The table suggests that13. The curve shows the rapid increase inB表示上升、增长趋势的句型1. The output/price/temperature.grew/increased/climbed/mounted/went up/rocketed/ascended/le

36、aped upsignificantly/suddenly/slightly/dramatically/greatly in/over.2. There was a slight/slow/steady rise/increase in3. There was a sharp/steep/rapid/dramatic/marked leap/jump/boost/boom in4. The price/rate/output/incomeincreased/rose by +(percentage) in5. The price/rate/output/incomeincreased trip

37、le/three times than in6. Compared with, . still increased byC表示下降、减少趋势的句型1. The outputdecreased/declined/ was reduced slowly/steeply in2. The temperature/pricewent down/dropped/plunged/fell sharply/dramatically/ rapidly in3. There was a rapid/dramatic/marked decrease/decline/plunge in4. There was a

38、gradual decline in5. There was a steady reduction/fall inD表示先上升后下降的句型1. . increased slowly during and , but fell sharply in 2. A steady fall in during followed the sharp increase in 3. After a steady increase foryears, the shows signs of dropping.E表示先下降后上升的句型1. fell before began to make a recovery 2

39、.dropped during but increased again in 3. fell inand then pick up during 4.collapsed before rising to at the end of 5. There was a drop in, and then came a sharp rise in the following years.F表示持平趋向的句型The price/rate/ratioremained the same/was stable/was steady/leveled off inG表示波动趋向的句型The price/rate/r

40、atiofluctuated/went up and down/rose and fell dramatically/ significantly/sharply/slightly during/overH 表示百分比关系的句型The output/population constitutes/accounts for/takes up + percentage of the totalI表示倍数关系的句型1. The figure increased more than six times compared with2. The number dropped almost twice com

41、pared with3. The percentage decreased about two and a half times compared with4. The percentage is twice as much as that of 2003.5. The number is four times as much as that of 2002.6. The percentage. is half as much as that of 2001.图表作文练习1. Men and Women in Executive Positions 担任行政职位的男女比例The Percent

42、age of Men and Women in Executive Position上图所示为某公司男女担任行政职位方面的状况。其中把行政职务依次分为A到E五个等级, A级最高, E级最低。请描述图表含义, 分析原因。得出结论。Men and Women in Executive PositionsThe graph shows the proportions of men and women employed in executive positions in some company. Compared with men, as the graph shows, women have th

43、e highest percentage (about 72%) in the lowest grade E, while the proportion of women working in the highest grade A is the lowest (about 8%). It is obvious that women still have a long way to go in their struggle for real equality with men in holding executive positions.The obvious inequality betwe

44、en men and women in social life, especially in executive positions, may be mainly due to the following reasons. For one thing, women are still thought of as inferior that cannot hold responsible jobs even though women can take up almost all the professions once only occupied by men, and can even rec

45、eive equal pay for equal work. The cases of sexual discrimination are often heard of. On the job market, many companies are unwilling to employ women because they think women are less efficient, competitive and tough. For another, the double burden woman have to carry inside and outside home renders

46、 it impossible for them to make full use of their knowledge and talents. Despite the great strides women have made, the picture of women's equality with men is not quite that rosy. The sex discrimination is still profound so that equality continues to be the long-term goal of women.亮点词语struggle

47、for real equality 争取真正的平等be thought of as inferior 被认为劣等, 下等take up almost all the professions 从事几乎所有职业equal pay for equal work 同工同酬sexual discrimination 性别歧视tough强硬的, 坚强的, 坚韧的double burden 双重负担render 使得, 使成为make great strides 取得很大的进步rosy 美好的, 有希望的long-term goal 长期目标文章点评本文为图表式对比分析型论说文。文章首先点明图表主题, 通过

48、数据分析, 得出文章主题：女性要在行政职位上做到男女平等还有很长的路要走。第二段从两个方面分析原因：性别歧视仍然存在, 女性身负家庭和事业两重重担。最后总结全文, 指出男女平等的前景并不乐观, 还需要长期的努力。全文布局严谨, 条理清晰, 衔接自然；措辞准确, 句式丰富。2. Different Tuition Sources of College Students中美大学生学费的不同来源ExamineesTuition sources American studentsChinese students Parents 50 90 Part-time job 35 5 Scholarship

49、15 5 概括说明中美大学生学费的主要来源。 分析产生这种现象的原因。 我对将来趋势的预测或结论。Different Tuition Sources of College StudentsAs is shown in the table, both American and Chinese college students have three income sourcesfrom their parents, their part-time jobs and from their scholarships. The difference lies in the percentage of s

50、tudents for each source. About 90% of Chinese students get money from their parents. In contrast, only 50% of the American students turn to this way, and the other 50% comes from part-time jobs (35%) and scholarships (15%). It is evident that American students are much more independent than Chinese

51、students are. Three reasons can account for this difference. First, American students are taught to be independent right from childhood while Chinese parents are inclined to offering the financial support for their childrens education. Secondly, compared with Chinese students, American students have

52、 a more flexible class schedule and more opportunities for part-time jobs on the job market. Finally, the scholarships offered by American universities are of great variety and larger than those provided by Chinese universities.Nevertheless, with the cultural integration of the East and West, Chines

53、e students are learning to be more and more independent of their parents physically and mentally. Teachers and parents should give the students more encouragement on their way to independence. 亮点词语turn to转向, 求助于account for 说明, 解释be inclined to 倾向于flexible class schedule 灵活的课程表be of great variety 各种各

54、样cultural integration 文化融合文章点评本文为图表式对比分析型论说文。文章第一段概括图表的数字信息, 并依此推出：美国大学生比中国大学生更独立（文章主题）。第二段分析产生这种现象的原因。通过对比法, 得出三点原因：美国学生从小就学习独立, 而中国家长总是供孩子学费；美国学生的课程表灵活, 可以打工挣钱；美国大学提供的奖学金比中国大学多。第三段展望未来, 中国学生正在变得比以前独立。而且呼吁老师和家长应该鼓励学生自立。本文内容完整, 简明扼要, 分析透彻, 语言准确。3. Scholars Returning from Overseas 留学归国学者The Number of

55、 Scholars Returning from Overseas over the Past Years上图反映了近年来留学归国学者人数的变化, 描述这种变化；分析产生这一变化的原因。Scholars Returning from Overseas As is indicated in the chart above, the number of scholars returning from overseas has been mounting over the past few years and rocketed to 25 thousand in the year of 2004.

56、What is behind these amazing figures? The foremost reasons for the tremendous increase can be illustrated as follows. Firstly, a set of preferential policies has contributed to the increase of the number of returning scholars. To motivate students studying overseas to return motherland, Chinese gove

57、rnment has set up a suite of preferential policies in terms of salaries, housing, choice of jobs, and childrens education. Whats more, the rapid development of our motherland has attracted more scholars returning from overseas. With the further implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, Chinese economy has been growing at an astonishing speed. The booming economy has laid a solid foundation for the rap