（考点配题3-5）2021-2022高三句子成分123(1).docx

1、2021-2022学高州一中高三英语考点配题(3)句子成分的思维导图主语的定义：句子要说明的人或物。位置：常在句首，常不省略。主语可由名词、代词、数词、 不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词或短语和从句等充当。Practice 1：即时练习：请划出下列句子的主语。(1) A nurse works in a hospital.(2) (2020 年全国 II 卷书面表达)My classmates and I took part in a picking activity.(3) That is a map of the U S.proved （谓语）to be （非谓语）a great succe

2、ss and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using （谓语）it every day.Later, engineers managed （谓语）to construct （非谓语）railways in a system of deep tunnels （隧道）,which became known （系表） to the tube. This development was （谓语）only possible with the introduction of electric-powered engines and lif

3、ts. The central London Railway was （谓语）one of the most successful of these new lines, |and| was opened （谓语）in 1900. It had （谓语）white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular （系 表）with the public.表语Practicel :即时练习（请划出下列各句中的表语）)z1 2 3 4 5 zfv z( z(x z( zivThe leaves have

4、turned yellow.At last the boy became blind.His plan was to go from Hong Kong to Beijing.（不定式做表语）Her job is painting. （doing 做 表语）Thafs why he got angry with me.（句 子做表语： 表语从句）Practice!:（请判断划线部分是“谓语”还是“表语”）（1）People are celebrating the Spring Festival now.（谓语：现在进行时，is 助动词，无意思 ）（2）The family members ar

5、e enjoying the moon cakes.（谓语：现在进行时，is 助动词，无意思 ）（3）His sisters job is making moon cakes.（ 表语，is 表示 “是）2021-2022学高州一中高三英语考点配题（4）答案同位语的定义：Practice 1：即时练习（请划出下列各句中的同位语）（1）（2020 全国卷 II-B） Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found c

6、hildren develop better.（2）（2020 全国卷 II-D） .，explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.（3）（2020 全国 II 卷-C）.,says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.（4）（2019 全国 I 卷-D） Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories.宾语的定义

7、：Practice 1：即时练习（请划出下列各句中的宾语）（1）My brother hasnt done his homework. （动宾）（2）You must pay good attention to your pronnuciation.（介宾）Some of the students in the school want to go swimming. (不定式做宾语)(3) The old man sitting at the gate said that he was ill.(句子做宾语)I avoid smoking at home.(doing 做宾语)(4) (201

8、2 山东卷)I also find it useful to keep English diaries, (it 形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式)Practice 2：即时练习(请指出下列句子的“双宾语”)(1) My father bought me a new dictionary yesterday.(2) (2020 全国 III 书面表达 I am writing to invite you to offer us some guidance.(3) I sent Li Ping a message last week.(4) J ack gave Tom an English mag

9、azine just now.宾补Practice 1：即时练习(请指出下列句子的宾补)They painted their boat white.(形容词做宾补)(1) They elect him president.(名词做宾补)We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语做宾补)(2) I have my bike repaired, (done 做宾补)She saw some children reading newspapers in the reading-room.(非谓语 doing 做宾补)(3) He asked

10、her to take the boy out of school.(非谓语 to do 做宾补)Practice 2：完成句子(1) (2012 山东卷)I also find it useful to keep English diaries.(2) (2012 ,ll|头一模)From then on, I find it a pleasure to help others and I am proud to say I have grown to be a person who can take on responsibilities both at home and at schoo

11、l.(3) Therefore,! think it necessary for them Co keep away from computer games.(4) This non-stop communication has made it easier for parents and children to understand each other.(5) (2009 北京卷)We feel it our responsibility to protect and beautify our environment.定语的定义：Practice 1：即时练习(请指出下列句子的定语) Gu

12、ilin is a beautiful city.桂林是一座美丽的城市。(形容词作定语(2) China is a developing country while Japan is a developed country分词作定语)There are thirty women teachers in our school.我们学校有三十个女教师。(名词作定语)(3) His progress in English made us happy.(代词和介词短语作定语)Miss Deng is a teacher who lives next to our school从句作后置定语修饰 tea

13、cher)(4) The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.下学期教学(的)计划已经制定。(动名词作定语) He is reading an article about how to learn English.他正在看一篇关于如何学英语的文章。(介词短语作后置定语修饰article)状语的定义：Practice 1：即时练习(判断划线部分充当何种状语)1 often get up at 5:30 in the morning.我常常在早上 5:30 起床。(时间状语)(11) Pandas only live in China.熊

14、猫仅生活在中国。(地点状语)He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper.(不定式做目 的状语)(12) We usually go to school on foot.我们通常步行去上学。(方式状语)“通过方式)Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy.(让步状语)(13) If you dont work hard, youll fall behind the others.(条件状语)Your watch is not the same as mine.(比较状语)(14)

15、We didnt go to the park because of the bad weather.(原因状语)He left early, so that he caught the train.他很早就离开了，(结果)因此赶上了火车。(结果状语)(15) The doctor hurried off, with a medicine box under his arm.(伴随状语)2021-2022学高州一中高三英语考点配题(5)答案Practice 1： l.S+Vi 2.S+Vt+O+OC 3.S+Vt+IO+DO 4.S+Vt+O 5.S+Vt+O+OC 6.S+V+P 7.S+V

16、i 8.S+Vt+O 9. S+Vt+IO+DO 10. S+Vt+ 04- OCPractice 2：(1) They are playing football in the school.(S+Vt+O)Her uncle bought her a new computer yesterday. (S+Vt+IO + DO)(2) He often tells his students English stories. (S + Vt+IO+DO)Han Meimei liked dancing at the age of five. (S+Vt+O)(3) He was very gla

17、d to hear the news. (S + V+P)He works in a factory in Shenzhen. (S+V)(4) This film is very moving. (S + V + P)He works hard at Chinese. (S+Vt+O)(5) This film made me moved. (S + Vt+O+CO)My mother asked me to go shopping yesterday. (S + Vt+O+CO)(4) (2019 年全国 I 卷书面表达)To let China go to the world is my

18、 first aim.(5) These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the environment.(2013-安徽高考书面表达)How to do it well is an important question.(6) There was a bad accident happening yesterday.谓语的定义：表示主语的动作、状态或性质特征，说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样。谓 语主要由动词或动词短语担任。位置：

19、常在主语后，可由多个词构成，但只能有一个实义动词(助动词和 情态动词说明实义动词的某个方面)，句子的核心是主语和谓语，这是理解句子的关键。谓语可分为：1、简单谓语：只有一个动词或短语动词构成。2、并列谓语：动词间有and或or等并列连词连接。3、复合谓语：连系动词+表语情态动词/助动词+实义动词(原形/分词)(关键)有动词不一定是谓语，有适当的时态语态的动词才是谓语。Practice 1 :即时练习：请划出句中的谓语并标出它们分别是何种谓语。(1) I dont like the picture on the wall.(2) You shouldnt have left so soon.(3

20、) The boy climbed to the roof of the house and lay thereTom didnt do his homework yesterday.(4) (2019 年全国 I 卷书面表达)Through my introduction and efforts I can strengthen the friendship betweenChina and Britain.(5) (2020 年全国 II 卷书面表达)After a day of picking, I felt completely exhausted.(6) A new railway

21、was being built.(7) He is working in the factory.(8) The job will be finished in three days.Practice!:即时练习：请划出句中的谓语并标出它们分别是何种谓语。I am delighted to know that a famous art exhibition will be organized by the Shanghai Museum and opinions of the public are being collected as to selecting the location for

22、 the exhibition, which encourages me to write to express my ideas.(2013上海高考书面表达)非谓语的定义：非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式包括to do/ doing/doneo 非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他任何成分(主宾定状补表)。分清谓语与非谓语的综合练习：判断下列划线的是谓语还是非谓语？(2017 年全国 II 卷语法填空)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It

23、ran for just under seven kilometers| and| allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads aboveas| they travelled to and from work. It took three years to complete |and |was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, laying the track |asd| then building a strong roof

24、over the top. |When| all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have benn fairly unpleasant for thepassengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more tha

25、n 25,000 people were using it every day.Later, engineers managed to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道),which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the introduction of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most succe

26、ssful of these new lines, |and| was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.表语：用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词之后。(难点)常见的系动词有：(6是6变6起来)(一定要记好)(1) 6 是：(be, am,is,are,was,were)6 变：“变得” turn (deaf)变聋,become (strong), get(small), go( ba

27、d)食物变质，grow(old)变老,come(true)(2) 6 起来：感官动词起来”,look(good), sound(interesting), taste(delicious), smell(good), touch(soft), feel(wonderful)其它： 保持remain, keep(warm),stay(healthy),似乎：as if, seem, appear注意：stay, get,turn,appear,look是系动词也是实义动词，如果是系动词，后面是表语，如果是实义动 词，后面是宾语。实义动词意思不一样stay (留)get(得到)，appear(出现

28、)，look (看见) Practicel :即时练习(请划出下列各句中的表语)1 2 3 4 5 /l z( Z4 z/v1 2 3 4 5 /l z( Z4 z/vThe leaves have turned yellow.At last the boy became blind.His plan was to go from Hong Kong to Beijing.Her job is painting.Thats why he got angiy with me.易混点一：(谓语与系表结构不分)1 .The world is changing fast.这个世界变化很快。2. His

29、 job is changing the world.他的工作是改变这个世界。 判断关键：is(be)动词的什么意思？划线部分划到哪里？Practicel :(请判断划线部分是“谓语”还是“表语”)People are celebrating the Spring Festival now.()(1) The family members are enjoying the moon cakes.()His sisters job is making moon cakes.()2021-2022学高州一中高三英语考点配题（4）时间：2021年8月 内容：句子成分2同位语，宾语，宾补，定语，状语出

30、题人：邓鸿雁 审核人：冼郁琼同位语的定义：同位语多数出现阅读中,用于介绍人，机构等等，在阅读过程中可以跳过Practice 1：即时练习(请划出下列各句中的同位语)(2020 全国卷 II-B) Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children develop better.(1) (2020 全国卷 II-D)explained Michael Strano, a professor of che

31、mical engineering at MIT.(2) (2020 全国 II 卷-C).,says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.(3) (2019 全国 I 卷D) Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories.宾语的定义：充当动作的承爱者。位置：常在及物动词、介词或个别形容词后，作主语的词或短 语一般都能充当宾语。(动宾、介宾)Practice 1：即时练习(请划出下列各句中的宾语)(1)

32、My brother hasnt done his homework.(2) You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.(3) Some of the students in the school want to go swimming.(4) The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.(5) I avoid smoking at home.(6) (2012 山东卷)I also find it useful to keep English diaries.【温馨提示】几种宾语小结

33、：(1)放在及物动词后的宾语叫动宾。(2)放在介词后的宾语叫介宾。(3) 形式宾语和真正宾语：当不定式、动名词、从句作宾语时，放在句尾，用it作形式宾语。(4) 双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):有些及物动词,如：give, show, pass, tell, send, bring, elect, lend, buy 等可有两个宾语，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语，简称“双宾语”。口诀：贱人植物Practice 2：即时练习(请指出下列句子的“双宾语”)(1) My father bought me a new dictionary yesterday.(2) (2020 全国 III 书面

34、表达 I am writing to invite you to offer us some guidance.(3) I sent Li Ping a message last week.(4) Jack gave Tom an English magazine just now.宾*卜(宾语补主语，补充说明宾语的状态或者身份)(难点)宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。 在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分，放在宾语之后，称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、 副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语称为

35、复合宾语。Practice 1：即时练习(请指出下列句子的宾补)They painted their boat white.(1) They elect him president.(2) We found everything in the lab in good order.(3) I have my bike repaired.(4) She saw some children reading newspapers in the reading-room.(5) He asked her to take the boy out of school.Practice 2：(重点)宾补的进化

36、版：(6123)(重点句型) think/feel/make/find/believe/consider+it+adj/n+to do/doing/that.6=6 个动词 think/feel/make/consider/believe/consider3=真正的宾语可以有3种形式to do/doing/that从句2=宾补可以是名词或者形容词1=形式宾语只有一种:it以下是历年高考写作句子：(完成句子)(2012山东卷)我也发现写英文日记很有用。I alsokeep English diaries.(2) (2012 汕头一模)From then on, Ihelp others(我觉得帮

37、助别人是种乐趣)and I am proud to say I have grown to be a person who can take on responsibilities both at home andat school.(3) Therefore,!(认为他们有必要)keep away from computergames.(4) This non-stop communication has(使父母与子女更容易)understand each other.(5) (2009北京卷)We(感觉是我们的责任)protect and beautify our environment.

38、定语的定义：修饰名词或代词的成分。位置：前置定语(放在被修饰的词之前)和后置定语(放在被 修饰的词之后)。介词短语、分词短语、或不定式短语作定语一定后置。翻译成：“的、Practice 1：即时练习(请指出下列句子的定语)(1) Guilin is a beautiful city.桂林是一座美丽的城市。(2) China is a developing country while Japan is a developed countryThere are thirty women teachers in our school.我们学校有三十个女教师 His progress in Engli

39、sh made us happy.他在英语方面的进步使我们感到高兴Miss Deng is a teacher who lives next to our school(5) The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.下学期的教学计划已经制定He is reading an article about how to learn English.他正在看一篇关于如何学英语的文章。状语的定义：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分。位置：灵活多变，但以在后为主。按 其用途可分为：时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、频率、目的、条件、让步、比较

40、、方式或伴随等。Practice 1：即时练习(判断划线部分充当何种状语)I often get up at 5:30 in the morning.我常常在早上 5:30 起床。Pandas only live in China.熊猫仅生活在中国。(3) He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper, vWe usually go to school on foot.我们通常步行去上学。(4) Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy.(5) If you dont work h

41、ard, youll fall behind the others.(6) Your watch is not the same as mine.(7) We didnt go to the park because of the bad weather.He left early, so that he caught the train.他很早就离开了，(结果)因此赶上了火车。(9) The doctor hurried off, with a medicine box under his arm.2021-2022学高州一中高三英语考点配题（5）时间：2021年8月 内容：句子成分3：五个

42、基本句型出题人：邓鸿雁审核人：冼郁琼句子种类思维导图(2) 主+谓+(3) 主+谓+(4) 主+谓+(5) 主+谓+简单句五种基本句型一个句子只包含一个主谓结构，其中谓语是核心，英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种 基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的。(1) 主 + 谓(S+Vi)例如：The old man is coming.老人就要来了。表(S+V+P)例如：John is busy.约翰很忙。宾(S+Vt+O)例如：She studies English.她学英语。宾 + 补(S + Vt+0+OC)例如：She found the door open.她发现门开着。 间宾+直宾 (

43、S + Vt+10+DO)例如：My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了 一件新衣裳。Practice 1：请写出下列句子分别属于哪中基本句型1. Summer is coming.()He showed me a new TV set.()5. The weather made her fell sick.()7. He laughed.()9. She taught them physics.()They wont let me go.()4.She knows what to do.()The weather is very cold.()8.1 lik

44、e Chinese food.()We must keep the room warm.()Practice 2：把下列句子翻译成英语，并判断下列句子属于哪一种基本句型他们正在学校里踢足球。(1) 她的叔叔昨天给她买了一部新电脑。(2) 他经常给学生讲英语故事。(3) 韩梅梅五岁时很喜欢跳舞。(4) 他听到这个消息感到很高兴。(5) 他在深圳的一家工厂打工。(6) 这部影片非常感人。(7) 汤姆学汉语很刻苦。(8) 这部电影使我感动。(9) 昨天母亲给我买了件新大衣。2021-2022学高州一中高三英语考点配题（3）答案主语的定义：（1）A nurse works in a hospital.

45、（名词做主语）（2）My classmates and I took part in a picking activity .（名词短语做主语）（3）That is a map of the U S.（4）To let China go to the world is my first aim.（5）These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the environment.（2013-安徽高考书面表达）（6）How to do it well is an important question.（7）There was a bad accident happening yesterday.谓语的定义