初中虚拟语气

1、GrammarGrammarthe Subjunctive Mood英语动词有三种语气: 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气陈述语气：用来表示所说的话是事实或提出疑问，广泛用语陈述句，疑问句和感叹句。祈使语气：表示所说的话是请求，命令，指示或劝告等。虚拟语气虚拟语气：表示说话人的所说表示说话人的所说的话的话不是事实不是事实，一种假设、猜测、怀疑等一种假设、猜测、怀疑等( (在在条件条件从句从句中或中或让步状语从句让步状语从句中中) )；一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等令、建议等 ( (在在宾语从句、表语从宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句句、同位语从句) )。Eg

2、: We met in this room . 陈述语气陈述语气 Do come to the meeting next Friday . 祈使语气祈使语气 If I were you , I would study hard . 虚拟语气虚拟语气一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法.条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与是与事实相符的。事实相符的。非真实条件句非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，发生或实现的， 与事实相反的情况

3、。与事实相反的情况。If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma. If I were a bird, I would fly to America.1 1、 真实条件句真实条件句：用于陈述语气，：用于陈述语气，假设的情况假设的情况可能发生可能发生，其中，其中 if if 是是如果的意思。如果的意思。时态关系：时态关系：主将从现主将从现 主情从现主情从现 主祈从现主祈从现If he comes, he will bring his violin.If he wants to go to university, he must stu

4、dy hard.If it rains tomorrow, please dont come . 一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中与与过去过去事实相事实相反的假反的假设设would should have+过去分词过去分词could might与与现在现在相反的相反的假设假设与与将来将来相反的相反的假设假设虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句If+主语主语+过去式过去式（be用用were)If+主语主语+had +过去分词过去分词If+主语主语+过去式过去式（be用用were)If+主语主语+were to+ 动词原形动词原形If+主语主语+should +动词原形动词原形主语

5、主语would动动词原形词原形(should/could/might)主语主语would动动词原形词原形(should/could/might) 1. If I had time, I would go for a walk. (事实上事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步）我现在没有时间，不能去散步） 2. If I were invited, I would go to the dinner. （事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会） 3.If I had a million dollars, I would put it in the bank. （事实上我没有一百万美圆，也不可能存在银行）

6、现在事实相反现在事实相反I would buy an expensive car. I would buy a villa. I would travel around the world.If I won the lottery,现在事实相反现在事实相反1. If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.A 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反3 If they were here, they would help you.4 They

7、would help you if they were here.If I _time last night, I _ to see the film with you .had hadwould have goneB 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反If he_ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had 1. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.2. If he had been there, it wo

8、uldnt have happened.3 If she had seen you yesterday ,she would have asked you about it . 要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事 。4 If you had taken my advice，you wouldnt (couldnt) have failed in the exam.如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能不可能)考试不及格。考试不及格。与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 I _ a party for you . shoul

9、d get If you_gotWere to get a full mark next time,C 与与 将来事实相反将来事实相反would hold 1 If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should /(would) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天，我就如果明天是星期天，我就 (可能可能)去看去看望我奶望我奶 奶。奶。2 If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。C 与将来事实相反与将来事实相反

10、3 If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 4 If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.If it rained tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反要是你早来几分钟的话，你就

11、能见到他了要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。假如我是你的话，我会马上走。与现在事实相反If I were you, I would go at once. 与过去事实相反与将来事实可能相反1) 假如我有一百万假如我有一百万,我会把钱捐献给医学研究我会把钱捐献给医学研究. _2) 如果

12、我是你如果我是你,我会穿衬衣打领带我会穿衬衣打领带._ 3) 假如我是你假如我是你,我就会迟一点去我就会迟一点去._ 4) 假如我是你假如我是你,我就会带一个小礼物我就会带一个小礼物._ 5) 如果我是你，我会在睡觉前好好的散步。如果我是你，我会在睡觉前好好的散步。_6) 如果我是你如果我是你,我就会和看上去很友好的人交谈我就会和看上去很友好的人交谈. _ 7）如果我是你，我会更加努力学习英语。）如果我是你，我会更加努力学习英语。_. 8）如果昨晚你在这儿，就什么事都不会发生了。）如果昨晚你在这儿，就什么事都不会发生了。 _. 9） 如果我早到一点的话，我就会赶上那辆公共汽车了。如果我早到一点

13、的话，我就会赶上那辆公共汽车了。_. 10）明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考试了。）明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考试了。_.A用所给动词的适当形式填空1. If I _(find) a purse, I _(give) it to the police.2. If I _(be) a bird, I _(fly) in the blue sky.3. If you _(have) something important, you _( can go) now.4. If I _(be) you, I _(choose) this one.用虚拟语气完成下列句子。1. 如果我是一只小鸟，我会飞

14、到月球上去。If I a bird, I to the moon.2. 如果她和我们在一起，我们会更早完成任务。If she us, we the task earlier.3. 如果有人给我钱的话，我明天就去买辆车。If someone me money, I a car tomorrow.4. Ill travel around the world if I have a lot of money.（改为虚拟语气的句子）I around the world if I a lot of money.PRACTICE 1PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If

15、 they _ (be) here,they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _ (break) out again,what _ (happen) to our people on earth?c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room now, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) in your position,I _(ask) for teachers help.werewould takebrokewould happenwere notcoul

16、d bewerewould askPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks e. If Tom _ (be) more careful in theexam, he _ _ (pass) it already. f. If you (get) up earlier,you _ _ (catch) the first train. g. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ _ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughthad met

17、would have gone二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句中1.Wish 的宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来未来：过去时（过去时（were）过去完成时过去完成时would/could/might+V. 1.I wish I were a bird2.I wish I hadnt made such a mistake3.We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. I wish I _(be)as tall as you.wereI wishevery day _(be)my birthday.wereI wish I _ (eat) so much water

18、melon.hadnt eaten用于宾语从句用于宾语从句I wish从句结构从句结构Example与现在事实相反与现在事实相反一般过去式一般过去式I wish it were autumn now.与过去事实相反与过去事实相反过去完成式过去完成式He wishes(wished) he had not lost the chance.与将来事实相反与将来事实相反would+V.原形原形I wish you would come soon.I wish I were as tall as you.I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming.I wish I were a bird.I wish I could fly like a bird.I wish every day were my birthday.He wish he hadnteaten so much watermelon.I wish the lunch time would come soon.I wish it would rain tomorrow.1.Practice 1 He is not a pilot, but h