初升高高一英语衔接班第3讲——名词性从句

1、（初升高）高一英语衔接班第3讲一一名词性从句一、学习目标：掌握名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的不同语法特征；掌握名词性从句的用法二、学习要点：what,that所引导的名词性从句的区别；whether,if所引导的名词性从句的区别；it作形式主语和宾语的情况；名词性从句与定语从句和状语从句的区别。三、课程精讲：（一）重点知识讲解1、什么是名词性从句名词：表示人或事物的名称，可作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。名词性从句：功能相当于名词，包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。从属词：thatwhetherif连接代词：whatwhowhomwhich连接副词：whenw

2、herewhyhow辨析：Whatweneediswaterandair.Thatiswhyweputoffthemeeting.Iwonderifyoucandomeafavour.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.2、从属词的用法that连接作用；无意义if/whether连接作用；意为"是否"Thatthemoontravelsaroundtheearthisknowntoall.Theproblemiswhetherwecanworkitoutintime.Iwonderifyoucandomeafavour.3、连接代词的用法（作主语、宾

3、语、表语、定语）what指代物who/whom指代人which作定语，意为“哪一个"，有选择范围TheSouthChinaisnotwhatitusedtobe.Doyouknowwho/whomtheyarewaitingfor?Iamnotsurewhichfootballteamwillwintonight.4、连接副词的用法（作状语）WhenweshallleaveforCanadahasnotbeendecidedyet.ThatiswhereIwasborn.Iknowwhyheisabsenttoday.（二）解题方法总结1,解题方法：判断从句性质；找出从句缺少的成分；

4、选择连接词Mydecisionisallofusaregoingtostartat6tomorrowmorning.Theycouldn'understandIrefusedit.Weareworryingaboutweshoulddonext.2.that通常不可省略的情况：1）主语从句中，that位于句首时，不可省略；Thatthemoontravelsaroundtheearthisknowntoall.2）当一个句子中有两个或多个宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，其余的that不可省略;Hesaid（that）thetextwasveryimportantandthatwesh

5、ouldlearnitbyheart.3）由it作形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句中，that不可省略。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.3.只能用whether不能用if的情况1）在表语从句和同位语从句中Thequestioniswhetherwecangoclimbing.2）在介词之后Italldependsonwhetherourparentswillsupportus.3）whetherornot.（不可用ifornot）Thelittleboywonderedwhetherornothecouldgotothes

6、easide.4 .当主语从句位于句首时，只能用whether;当it作形式主语时，主语从句放在句末，用whether或if皆可。Whetherthemeetingwillbeheldhasnotdecidedyet.练习：用whether或if填空wewillgoswimmingtomorrowdependsontheweather.Iamnotsurehewillcomeornot.Itisdoubtfultheworkcanbecompleted.5 .连词that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别同位语从句：位于抽象名词后，起补充说明作用，只起连接作用，不充当任何成

7、分。定语从句：起连接和替代作用。Thenewsthatourfootballteamwonthematchwasexciting.Thenewsthatweheardontheradiowasnotsure.练习：辨析Thereisafeelinginmethatwe'llneverknowthefact.WhatisthefirstAmericanfilmthatyouhaveseen?6 .定语从句与状语从句的区别一一句子结构不同Heleftthekeywherehehadbeenanhourbefore.（状语从句）Helefttheplacewherehehadlivedfor

8、manyyears.（定语从句）Heissuchagoodteacherasallofusloveandrespect.（定语从句）Heissuchagoodteacherthatwealllikehim.（状语从句）（三）即学即练1. Acomputercanonlydoyouhaveinstructedittodo.2. Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatteritwas?3. Itiswellunderstoodcontrolstheweather.4. Hewroteanarticleontheteamhadfailed.5. Danbyle

9、ftwordwithmysecretaryhewouldcallagainintheafternoon.（四）高考链接1. Iwanttoknowthethiefwascaughtonthespot.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether2. Doyouhaveanyideaisactuallygoingonintheclassroom.A.thatB.whatC.asD.which3. Couldyoudomeafavour?Itdependsonitis.A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever4. Oneadvantageofplayingt

10、heguitarisitcangiveusagreatdealofpleasure.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when5. Itisobvioustothestudentstheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that四、下讲预告下节课将讲解非谓语动词的有关理论知识。【同步练习】（答题时间：25分钟）1. makeshisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever2. It'st

11、hirtyyearssincewelastmet.ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,wegotlostonarainynight.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when3. Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwaswedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what4. Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder.A.howmuchcosttheyareB.howmuchdotheycostC.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharet

12、heycost5. Doris'successliesinthefactsheiscooperativeandeagertolearnfromothers.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why6. Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?Thereisnooneelse,isthere?A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn7. Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectanditisroughorsmooth.A./B.whe

13、therC.howD.what8. Mumiscoming.Whatpresentforyourbirthday?A.youexpectshehasgotB.youexpecthasshegotC.doyouexpectshehasgotD.doyouexpecthasshegot9. Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto.A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich10. Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongeritwas20yearsago,itwassopo

14、orlyequipped.A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that11.SomeresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubtacureforAIDSwillbefound.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether【试题答案】1. A2. B通过对句子的分析可知，believeitornot是插入语，在此句中，that引导的是thestory的同位语从句。3. D4. Cwonder后面的从句是特殊疑问句，应用陈述句语序。即：特殊疑问词+主语+谓语动词。5. B此句主句完整，从句也完整，故用that弓I导thefact的同位语从句。6. B本题考查定语从句以及固定短语turnto的用法，关系代词因在后面的定语从句中作宾语，因此省略掉。turntosb.求助于某人。7. B本题根据句意及后面与or的搭配关系可判断该处应填"是否"（whether）,whether引导宾语从句。8. C本题考查双重疑问句，疑问词+doyouthink/believe/expect+句子的其他成分（句子用陈述句语序）。9. C本题考查固定短语bedifferentfrom,同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句