初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表

1、学习必备欢迎下载初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表I、测量(measurement)物理学physics测量measure(vt.)测量工具measuringtool测量范围measuringrange最小亥U度divisionvalue实验experiment实验室laboratory误差error亥U度尺meterruler零亥U度线zerograduationline长度length单位unit面积area千米kilometer米meter平方米squaremeter立方米cubicmeter分米decimeter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter微米micron纳米nanome

2、ter时间time小时hour分钟minute秒second毫秒millisecond体积volume升Liter毫升Milliliter天平balance祛码weights游码rider质量mass吨ton千克kilogram克gram毫克milligram停表stopwatch力force牛顿Newton测力计dynamometer弹簧秤springbalancen、运动(simplemotion)相对运动relativemotion方向direction位置position路程path静止rest参照物reference速度velocity平均速度averagevelocity直线运动r

3、ectilinearmotion曲线运动curvilinearmotion变速直线运动variablerectilinearmotion匀速直线运动uniformrectilinearmotionn、热(heat)温度temperature温度计thermometer摄氏度degreecentigrade体温计clinicalthermometer分子molecules分子运动molecularmotion物质substance物体object状态state固体solid液体liquid气体gas物态变化statetransformation晶体crystal非晶体noncrystal熔化me

4、lting凝固solidification熔点meltingpoint凝固点solidifyingpoint汽化vaporization学习必备欢迎下载蒸发evaporation折射光线refractedray沸腾boiling折射角refractionangle沸点boilingpoint光屏（）screen液化liquefaction照相机camera升华sublimation潜望镜periscope凝华condensation幻灯机slideprojector扩散diffusion电影放映机filmprojector吸弓1力attractiveforce空气air排斥力repulsive

5、force真空vacuum冰箱refrigerator蜡久candle热传递heattransfer透镜lens热传导heatconduction凸透镜convexlens热对流heatconvection凹透镜concavelens热辐射heatradiation会聚converge(v.)吸收absorb(v.)发散diverge(v.)放出release(v.)焦距focallength热量heat焦点focus比热(容)specificheat(capacity)实像realimage虚像virtualimageIV、光(light)(主)光轴principalopticalaxis光

6、源lightsource光心opticalcenteroflens光的直线传播rectilinearpropagation放大的amplifiedoflight缩小的reduced均匀介质well-distributedmedium正立的erected光速velocityoflight倒立的inverted小孑L成像imagebypinghole放大镜magnifier日食solareclipse玻壬Rjglass月食lunareclipse光的色散dispersionoflight水water平面镜planemirror光的反射reflectionoflightV、磁(magnetism)反

7、射定律reflectionlaw磁体magnet入射光线incidentray小磁针magneticneedle反射光线reflectedray磁场magneticfield法线normal天然磁体naturalmagnet镜面反射mirrorreflection磁极magneticpole漫反射diffusereflection地磁场geomagneticfield入射角incidentangle人造磁体man-mademagnet反射角reflectionangle南极northpole海市蜃楼mirageW匕极Southpole光的折射refractionoflight学习必备欢迎下载电

8、流的磁场magneticfieldofelectriccurrent条形磁铁barmagnet磁感线magneticinductionline蹄形磁铁horseshoemagnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnetVI、声音(sound)振动vibrate声波waveofsound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocityofsound音色musicalquality分贝decibel(dB)回声echo频率frequency叩、力(force)重力gravity惯性ine

9、rtia动力motiveforce重心centerofgravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力frictionforce压弓Hpressure动力臂powerarm滑动摩擦slidingfriction帕斯卡Pascal(Pa)阻力臂resistingarm滚动摩擦rollingfriction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦staticfriction大气压强atmosphericofpressure滑轮pulley压力pressureforce标准大气压standardatmospherepressure定滑轮fix

10、edpulley浮力buoyancyforce气压计barometer动滑轮movablepulley力的图示forcediagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulleyblock力的大magnitudeofforce阿基米德原理Archimedesprinciple功work力的方向directionofforce密度density功率power力的作用点actingpointofforce潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanicalefficiency合力resultantforce热气球fireballoon有用功usefulwork分力componentforce飞艇

11、airship额外功extrawok力的合成compositionofforces简单机械simplemechanics总功totalwork形变deformation杠卞flever斜面inclinedplane牛顿第一定律NewtonsFirstLaw支点pivot皿、电(electricity)电荷electriccharge正极positiveplate电压voltage带电体chargedbody负极negativeplate学习必备欢迎下载伏牛IVolt摩擦起电electrificationbyfriction电路electriccircuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positivecharge通路closedcircuit电阻resistance负电荷negativecharge开路opencircuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路shortcircuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图circuitmap滑动变阻器slidewirerheostat半导体semiconductor串联seriesconnection欧姆定律Ohmslaw电源power