2014高考英语语法填空教案

1、乐恩特教育个性化教学辅导教案 （周课型） 校区： 百花 编 号：授课教师日期2013-9-3时间 19- 21学 生年级 高三科目 英语课 题高考语法填空方法与技巧教学目标要 求熟练掌握语法填空的方法与技巧教学重难点分 析语法填空常考的考点教 学 过 程课前准备本周学校学习内容存在和要解决的问题知识要点概述广东高考英语语法填空技巧与方法真题剖析广东高考语法填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看下面的研究结果吧。只有数据事实最具说服力。1.考什么？()纯空格形式的考点如下表：测试内容2007年2008年内 容题号答案题号答 案冠词 35a  介词 33as31Be

2、hind/In 39for36after/from代词物主代词  33his指示代词人称代词40her34this/it不定代词37Other/Some  连词从属连词32(宾从)36(定从)whowhere35(同位)That并列连词  37but/yet(II)用所给词的适当形式填空的考点如下：测试内容2007年2008年内 容题号答案题号答 案动词非谓语动词不定式  32to help-ed分词34settled  -ing分词    谓语

3、动词的时态,语态31broke40results形容词或副词的比较级  38higher词性转换38merrily39natural根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。特别提醒：(1)在纯空格题中，两年都没有要求考生根据上下文填写名词、动词、形容词和副词。我们认为，其原因有二：一是根据语境推测出要填哪一个名词、动词、形容词或副词，是完形填空要考查的内容，若在语法填空中考查，是越权，是多管闲事；二是“语法填空”

4、顾名思义是考语法，而根据语境填这四类词同语法规则关系不大，与“语法填空”名不符实。不过，less, more, most等词是可能在纯空格类题中考查的，因为这涉及到到语法比较等级。(2)我们认为，倒装句中的助动词和强调谓语动词的助动词(do, does, did)，以及情态动词、强调结构中的it, that等都可能在纯空格题中进行考查，名词的数和所有格也可能在用括号中所给词填空中进行考查，同学们千万不可忽视。2. 怎么考？首先，请看下表：年份短文长度最多填词设题密度题数答案平均长度(字母)首字母大写题最长(词)最短(词)纯空格题单词提示题20071971365734.1120081792326

5、644.51(2)短文长度：170-200词。(3)短文难度：没有超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词。(4)短文题材：或体现文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。(5)考点设置：(1)纯空格题：设6-7个小题。(2)用括号中所给词填空：设3-4个小题。(6)答案特点： 纯空格题：试题要求中已明文规定死了“在空格处填入一个适当的词”，即一个小题或者一个空格只能填一个单词。两年高考题的答案印证了这一点。用括号中所给词填空：试题中要求“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”，这个词的正确形式究竟由几个单词组成？两年高考题的答案填一个或两个单词。所填词(答案)都是一些拼写简单的单词。2007年高考所填词均长4.1个

6、字母，其中，纯空格的答案只有2.4个字母；2008年所填词均长4.45个字母，其中纯空格的答案只有3.8个字母。两年都有所填词位于句首，此时第一个字母要注意大写。两年都没有要求考生填像depend on中的介词on这类固定短语中的单词。特别提醒：尽管两年高考中“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”的答案只填一个或两个单词，但是我们在平时的训练中应当不局限于此，要训练填一个、两个或多个单词的情况。非谓语动词中，带to的不定式、现在分词的完成式都可能填两个单词；谓语动词的将来时、进行时和完成时等也都可能填两个单词，而现在完成进行时等就可能填三个单词，被动语态至少都要填两个单词。解题技巧1. 语法填空题能

7、力要求1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法的能力。2. 语法填空题解题步骤 1、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意和作者写作意图，总体时态； 2、分析句子结构-主谓结构; 3、根据上下文把握空格意思。3.语法填空题空格设计介词，连词，代词，冠词，纯空格 从句引导词，情态动词，强调组动词等 有提示词 谓语动词，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级 有提示词的解题技巧分析句子结构上下文语境谓语动词（时态和语态）非谓语动词名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级技巧1 ：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有

8、并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。解题高招1. 通读全文，把握大意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。2. 结合语境，试填空格。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况：(1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7

9、个技巧：精练精讲技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如：例1I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _38_ gets there almost in a second. (2007年茂名一模) 技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。如：例2It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help _33_rice crop grow u

10、p quickly. (2008年广东高考)例3the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _35_ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. (2007年广东高考)技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。例4 who should have the honor of receiving me _33_ a guest in their house. (2007年广东高考)技巧

11、4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例5two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso _34_ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars. 例6all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me _36_almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. (2008年深圳一模)技巧5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一

12、个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。例7 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days _32_I was to return to Guangzhou. (2008年广州一模)例8 He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _37_he felt very happy (2008年广东高考)技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(

13、do, does, did等)。例9What is acceptable in one country _31_be considered extremely rude in another. (2007珠三角五校联考)例10 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he _ bring home a regular salary.技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1)由it isthat强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。如：例11 and _40_was onl

14、y after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG (味精)! (2007年广州一模)(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do, does, did等。如：例12 _with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：例13 as _32_took them just t

15、hree minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists (2008年佛山二模)例14Dating sites also make _36_easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. (2008年惠州二模)(4)so /suchthat句型。如：例15 This made the goat so jealous _34_it began plotting against (谋划对付) the donkey. (2007年惠州二模)(5)morethan (与其说不如说，

16、比更)句型。如：例16Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares _40_ how much he pays. (2007深圳宝安期末)(2) 给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例17His fear of failure _36_ (keep) him from classroom

17、 games that other children played with joyous abandon. (2008年深圳一模)例18 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her Invitation, _40_ (close) my book and walked away. (2008年广州一模)例19 In Logan, three people _38_ (take)to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. (

18、2007梅州二模)技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing形式、ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作主语或宾语，通常用ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。如：例20 but it is not enough only _35_(memorize) rules from a grammar book. (2007年佛山一模)例21 _ (speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary(2)作目的状语或者

19、在形容词后的作状语，一般用不定式。如：例22 _ (complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. 例23 Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _33_ (succeed). (2008年佛山一模)(3)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。如：例24 He saw the stone, _37_ (say) to h

20、imself: “The night will be very dark.” (2008年东莞一模)例25 The headmaster went into the lab, _(follow) by the foreign guests.(4)不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用ing形式，是被动关系用ed形式。如：例26 There will be a meeting, _40_ (start) later this year to review the film. (2008年广州二模) 例27 Lessons _39_ (learn) in spor

21、ts can help us in our dealing with other people. (广东考试说明)(3)、词类转换题的解题技巧根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：技巧10：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。如：例28 The youngster immediately fell _ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.例29 In a _ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to解析：在冠词与

22、名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填dangerous。例30 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣”，填interested。技巧11：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。如：例31 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _ (achieve) are mentioned, the nat

23、ion will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.解析：在时间状语从句中，要求填的词作主语，Chinas ancient scientific and technological是主语的定语；作主语要用名词，又由are可知，主语是复数，故填achievements。例32 These people have made great _39_ (contribute) to China with their work. (2007年茂名二模)解析：在句中作及物动词have made的宾语，要用名词形式；表示“作贡献”，其前面没有不定冠词时，

24、习惯上用复数，故填contributions。例33 instructors expect students to be familiar with _32_ (inform) in the reading (2008年三校联考)解析：因with是介词，在介词后作宾语，要用名词，故填information。技巧12：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：例34 the remains date from this period because of their _38_ (similar) to those found elsewhere. (2008年广州二模)

25、解析：在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词，故填similarities。例35 With the large numbers of students, the _ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.解析：在冠词后，要用名词，故填operation。技巧13：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：例36  As I looked _32_ (close) at this girl, I fount that (2008年深圳一模)解析：修饰动词looked，作

26、状语，用副词，故填closely。例37 There must be something _40_ (serious) wrong with our society. (2008潮州期末)解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong，作状语，用副词，故填seriously。例38Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet _33_ (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time (2008年惠州三模)解析：修饰because引导的原因状语从句，修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词，故填mainly。技

27、巧14：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un, im等，在词根后加less等。如：例39 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ (use).解析：作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”，故填useless。例40 Your mistake caused a lot of

28、 _ (necessary) work in the office.解析：在名词前作定语，仍用形容词形式；但根据句意可知，错误是引起不必要的麻烦事，故填unnecessary。技巧15：括号中所给动词也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其比较等级。如：例41there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist _34_ (attract) (2008年广州一模)例42The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldH

29、e jumped even _36_ (hard) and finally made himself out. (2008年期末)例43Storms which produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexicos border with Texas on Friday, destroying homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people, several critically, authorities said.The _33_ (bad) damage was re

30、ported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said. (2007梅州二模)3. 重读全文，解决难题。在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。 知识讲练The Internet has become part of young peoples life. _1_ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get _2_ (use) information on the Internet _3_ use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students dont use it _4_ a good way. Some play ga