模块八•Unit 3

1、模块八Unit 3一、阅读理解(扬州、泰州、淮安、南通、徐州、宿迁、连云港七市2019届高三第三次调研测试)Symbolic communication in the form of language underlies our unique ability to reasonor the conventional wisdom holds so. A new study published in Science, though, suggests our capacity to reason logically may not actually depend on language, at

2、least not fully. The findings show babies still too young to speak can reason and make reasonable deductions.The authorsa team from several European institutionsstudied infants(婴儿) aged 12 and 19 months, when language learning and speech production has just begun but before complex mastery has been

3、achieved. The children had to inspect distinct objects repeatedlysuch as a dinosaur and a flower. The items were initially hidden behind a black wall. In one set of experiments the animation(动漫) would show a cup scooping(舀出) up the dinosaur. Half of the time, the barrier would then be removed to rev

4、eal, as expected, the remaining flower. In the rest of the instances, though, the wall would disappear and a second dinosaur would be there. The children deduced in these latter occurrences that something was not quite right, even though they were unable to express in words what was wrong. Eyetracki

5、nga commonly used technique to judge mental abilities in preverbal(语前的) children and apesshowed infants stared significantly longer at scenes where the unexpected object appeared behind the barrier, suggesting they were confused by the reveal. “Our results indicate that the acquisition of logical vo

6、cabulary might not be the source of the most fundamental logical building blocks in the mind，” says lead study author Nicol CesanaArlotti. A major component of human logic, he notes, relates to thinking about alternative possibilities and eliminating inconsistent ones: Does the dinosaur sit behind t

7、he barrier or does the flower? In a formal logic this is called a disjunctive syllogism(析取三段论): A or B; not if A, therefore B. CesanaArlotti acknowledges his findings do not deny the importance of language and symbolic communication to human brain development, and to our evolutionary backstory. Yet

8、the new research suggests that perhaps it is not entirely necessary to shape the brains logical reasoning capacities. He plans further work studying how logic before the development of language might still differ from reasoning abilities that appear once language comes along, as language may open ad

9、ditional reasoning abilities unavailable to the speechless brain. “To our knowledge, nobody has ever directly documented logical reasoning in 12monthold infants before，” he adds.()1.We can learn from the new study published in Science that _ Athe ability to reason logically is unique to humans Bbabi

10、es are too young to make reasonable deductions Clanguage is not a requirement for some basic reasoning Dthe new findings correspond with the conventional ideas()2.The researchers draw the conclusion from the fact that _ Athe infants were aware of illogical outcomes Bthe infants inspected distinct ob

11、jects over and again Cthe infants were very sensitive to the removal of the barrier Dthe infants showed interest in the appearance of the dinosaur()3.The underlined word “eliminating” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_” Aresisting Bremoving Cexpanding Dexploring ()4.According to the text, what will Ce

12、sanaArlotti study further? AThe mental development of babies. BThe initial state of logic in the mind. CDistinctions between verbal and preverbal logic. DAdditional reasoning abilities of the speechless brain.二、任务型阅读(扬州、泰州、淮安、南通、徐州、宿迁、连云港七市2019届高三第三次调研测试)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空

13、格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。We all have complaints about going to work. Its expected: work takes up the majority of our waking day and it very much defines us. We often use our jobs as an introduction and a window into our lives when we meet someonea job reflects who we are. It influences the clothes

14、 we wear, the holidays we take, where we live and how we feel about ourselves. Of course, it takes up sizeable amounts of time, focus and energy. We complain about getting on that rushhour train or the way the boss speaks; we laugh about the pain of Monday mornings and the thrill of annual leave. Bu

15、t for many people, work has ceased to be simply a source of complaints or a joke.But havent there always been tough roles, heavy workloads and overtime? Why has this workrelated illness arisen now? From the research that has been carried out on this subject, workload is consistently cited(引用) as the

16、 most common reason for this ill health. But as our jobs are not going to change any time soon, its time to change ourselves. Mentalhealth experts often talk about resilience: the ability to cope, survive and bounce back from difficulties. Some is inborn, but resilience can be built and fostered(培养)

17、and certainly so in ones working life.We know that resilience at work is partly fostered by supportive relationships. So it is important to nurture healthy interpersonal relationships at work, whether that is through the support of a good manager or through friendship with work colleagues. Any suppo

18、rtive relationship you invest in at work will improve your stress levels.Resilience can also be fostered by taking control. That is not easy in the face of a demanding boss or terrible workloads, so you might need to look for it elsewhere. Being able to take control in other areas of your life also

19、leads to empowerment and grows your confidence. Control or change your journey to work, what you have for lunch or even who you sit with in the canteen.Small changes may seem trivial(微不足道的), but they are super effective. Psychologists talk about microactions and these are incredibly powerful in the

20、face of stresschanging controllable aspects of your life so that those repeated small successes foster selfesteem, confidence and ultimately more success in the bigger areas of your life. It is also crucial not to let everything become about work. Look for microsuccesses elsewhere, in your hobbies,

21、your exercise goals and your life plan.Our work appears to be making more and more of us unwell. But we all have the ability to make ourselves better.How to stay well in the officePassage outlineSupporting detailsBasic facts A job reflects our (1)_ and influences many (2)_ of our lives. It is understandable that people have (3)_ feeling