定语从句专题刘慧敏

1、高三第二轮复习 专题七：定语从句刘慧敏 1. 当当定语定语成分由成分由一个句子一个句子来充当时，来充当时，这个句子就叫这个句子就叫定语从句定语从句，即用一个句，即用一个句子去修饰另一个句子中的某个名词或子去修饰另一个句子中的某个名词或代词代词This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling.2. 通常定语从句紧跟在所修饰的通常定语从句紧跟在所修饰的 名词或代词后名词或代词后3. 定语从句的定语从句的必备两要素必备两要素This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling先行词（名词或代词）先行词（名词或

2、代词）引导词引导词（that/which/who/whom/whose/when/ where/why）考点一：考点一： 关系代词、关系副词的理解和选择关系代词、关系副词的理解和选择1、当表示时间、地点、原因的名词，此等先行词，、当表示时间、地点、原因的名词，此等先行词，在定语从句中作状语时，用在定语从句中作状语时，用where，when和和why引导；在从句中做主语或宾语时，用引导；在从句中做主语或宾语时，用that或或which。 where I once worked. this is the factory whichthat Ive visited. 2、 关系词引导定语从句修饰人的

3、使用情况关系词引导定语从句修饰人的使用情况 3、that和和which 引导定语从句的使用情况引导定语从句的使用情况考点二：考点二： 定语从句与别的从句或强调结构定语从句与别的从句或强调结构 的区别的区别,定语从句与非谓语动词的重叠考查定语从句与非谓语动词的重叠考查1.定语从句定语从句与与强调句强调句的区别的区别 eg. It was April 29,2011_ prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.It was on April 29,2011 _ prin

4、ce William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. when that2. 定语从句与别的从句的区别定语从句与别的从句的区别定语从句与地点状语从句的区别定语从句与地点状语从句的区别 Go back where you come from. (where前无地点名词）Go back to the village where you come from. (where 前有地点状语做先行词） 定语从句与结果状语从句的区别定语从句与结果状语从句的区别 He is such a kind

5、person as everybody likes. He is such a kind person that everybody likes him. 定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句与同位语从句的区别 The news that he had been back surprised us all. The news that he told us surprised us all.考点三：考点三： 介词介词+关系代词关系代词1.引导定语从句时，能用于引导定语从句时，能用于介词介词+关系代词关系代词 引导引导定语从句的代词常有定语从句的代词常有which 和和 whom。介词的。介词的选

6、择依据如下四点：选择依据如下四点： 介词与定语从句的先行词时一种习惯搭配 The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look. 介词与从句中动词是一种习惯性搭配介词与从句中动词是一种习惯性搭配 Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 介词与定语从句中形容词的习惯性搭配介词与定语从句中形容词的习惯性搭配 Ours is a beautiful country, of which we are greatly proud. 表示表示“所有格所有格” 或或 “整体与部分关

7、系整体与部分关系” 时，用介词时，用介词“of” There are over 3,000 workers, eighty percent of whom are women.2. 当引导词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，当引导词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，介词可前可后，但在含有介词的动词固定介词可前可后，但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置。词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置。考点四：考点四： as与与which引导非限制性定语引导非限制性定语从句的区别从句的区别 eg: He left her, as which was strange.注意：注意： 在下列情况下在下列情况下只能用只能

8、用as： 放于句首时只能用as 表示“正如，正像”之意时，只能用as as 可用于类似插入语的句式中考点五：考点五： 关系代词作主语时谓语动词数关系代词作主语时谓语动词数的判断的判断 1. 从句中谓语动词应与先行词的单复数一致从句中谓语动词应与先行词的单复数一致 eg: I talked with the boy who_ (swim) fastest in your school. All the boys who _ (be) now swimming in the river are from Wuhan.swims are2. One of . the only one of . 作先

9、行作先行词时谓语的数词时谓语的数 eg: One of the boys who are my friends is very good at English. He is the only one of the teachers who knows English well. 考点六：几种较为复杂的定语从句考点六：几种较为复杂的定语从句1. Way后面的定语从句后面的定语从句 eg. Please tell me the way (that in which) you did the job. 2. 在某些句型和某些时间状语从句中常用在某些句型和某些时间状语从句中常用that引引导定语从句导

10、定语从句 eg. Every time (that) the phone rings, he gets nervous.3. The same.asthat与 such .asthat as I lost yesterday.eg: This is the same bag that I lost yesterday. He is such a funny sort of person as I dont understand at all. Its such a heavy stone that none of us can lift it. 1. (2013北京，27 ) Many cou

11、ntries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. which C. whose D. where 2. (2013 , 6) We have launched another man-made satellite, _ is announced in todays newspaper. A. that B. which C. who D. what 3. (2013,31) There is no simple answer,_ is often the case

12、 in science. A. as B. that C. when D. where 4. (2013,35) Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world. A. when B. where C. which D. whom 5. (2013, 5) The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out. A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. a

13、ll of whom 6. (2013, 32) The president of the world bank says he has a passion for china,_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. A. where B. which C. what D. when7. (2013, 21) Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths. A. whom B. who C. what D. which 8. (2013, 9) Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live. A. what B. which C. when D. where9. (2013, 33) He wrote