Havehas和Therebe句型

1、第三人称单数:He/She/It/Lily has第一人称：I/We have第二人称：You have复数:They /The girls/The boys/ The children/ Bob and Jane have.have 与与has 的用法的用法I have a book.You have a book.They have two books.HeShe has a book .There be 句型表示句型表示“某地存在某人某地存在某人/物物”。它即可以表示某地方有什么东西，也可它即可以表示某地方有什么东西，也可以表达某地方有什么人。以表达某地方有什么人。名词是表示人、事物、地

2、点或抽象概名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词，可以用数量来计算的念的名称的词，可以用数量来计算的名词为可数名词。名词为可数名词。可数名词可数名词一般有一般有单单数数和和复数复数两种形式。两种形式。可数名词的可数名词的单数，我们可以用单数，我们可以用 a 或或an来修饰，来修饰，当一个可数名词是以元当一个可数名词是以元音因素开头的话音因素开头的话用用an 。例如：。例如：a cake, an egg, an orange。 可数名词的复数可数名词的复数形式变化如下：形式变化如下： 一般在名词词尾加一般在名词词尾加-s.如：如：cakes, pens; 以以s, x, ch, sh结尾的

3、名词的词尾加结尾的名词的词尾加-es. 如：如：watches, wishes, boxes. 以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾结尾的名词的名词改改y为为i再再 加加 es.如：如：stories, cities. 以以f或或fe结尾的名词改结尾的名词改f或或fe为为v再加再加es. 如：如：shelves, knives. 以以“辅音字母辅音字母+o”结尾的有生命的名结尾的有生命的名词词 在词尾加在词尾加es.如：如：tomatoes, potatoes. 无生命的名词无生命的名词+s.如：如：pianos, radios.有些名词的复数变化是有些名词的复数变化是不规则不规则的。的。chil

4、d-children woman-womenman-men foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish Chinese-Chinese sheep-sheep一般无法用数量来计算的名词为不可数名一般无法用数量来计算的名词为不可数名词。不可数名词前面不能用表示具体数量词。不可数名词前面不能用表示具体数量的数词或不定冠词的数词或不定冠词a, an, 可用一些量词，可用一些量词，如：如：a packet of, two bags of, four kilos of, three cups of等。等。英语中的名词分为可数名词和不可数名词英语中的名词分为可数名词和不可数名词1.可数

5、名词是可以计数的，有单复可数名词是可以计数的，有单复 数之分，能数之分，能直接被直接被a, an和数词修饰。和数词修饰。 e.g. an apple four apples a book some books2.人们常把物质名词，抽象名词等视为不可数人们常把物质名词，抽象名词等视为不可数名词。名词。不可数名词是不可以数的，一般只有单不可数名词是不可以数的，一般只有单数形式，没有复数形式，不能直接被数形式，没有复数形式，不能直接被a, an和数和数词修饰。词修饰。e.g. meat rice milk water3.有些词有多种意思，而且随着意义的不有些词有多种意思，而且随着意义的不同，名词的归

6、类也会发生变化。同，名词的归类也会发生变化。e.g. 1） fish(鱼肉鱼肉)-不可数不可数 fish （鱼）（鱼）-可数可数：He likes eating fish. There are many fishes.(不同种类的鱼不同种类的鱼)2）fruit(水果的总称水果的总称)-不可数名词不可数名词 fruit(各种各样的水果各种各样的水果)-可数名词可数名词：I see many vegetables and fruit. 我看见许多蔬菜和水果。我看见许多蔬菜和水果。：There are all kinds of fruits. 这里有各种各样的水果。这里有各种各样的水果。请观察下面表

7、格中的内容请观察下面表格中的内容, 找出可数找出可数名词和不可数名词的不同点名词和不可数名词的不同点, 然后补然后补全后面的结论部分。全后面的结论部分。 可数名词可数名词an egg, a caketwo eggs, two cakessome eggs, some cakes, many eggs,many cakes不可数名词不可数名词a glass of juicetwo glasses of juicesome juicemuch juice【结论】【结论】a. 可数名词可直接和不定冠词可数名词可直接和不定冠词 a / an或或1_词连用来表示具体的数量；词连用来表示具体的数量；而不可

8、数名词不能用不定冠词而不可数名词不能用不定冠词a, an或数词来修饰。但却可以被量词或数词来修饰。但却可以被量词（a glass of coffee/water/juice），），some，any，much等词修饰。等词修饰。数数b. some意为意为“一些一些”, 可以修饰可数可以修饰可数名词名词, 4 _ (也可以也可以 / 不可以不可以)修饰不可数名词。修饰不可数名词。c. 表示表示“许多许多”时时, 5 _ 只能修只能修饰可数名词复数饰可数名词复数, 6 _只能修只能修饰不可数名词。饰不可数名词。 much也可以也可以manyd.（注意）不可数名词充当句子的（注意）不可数名词充当句子的

9、主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。：chicken _ (be) very delicious. fish_ (be) tasty.: These apples_ mine. Those books _ good.isisarearemuch a little many a fewa number ofsome / a lot of不不可数名词可数名词可数名词可数名词 可数可数不不可数名词可数名词不可数名词不能与数词连用，若要表示相应的数量，则需要借助一定的单位词单位词1.借助表示借助表示“张张”、“块块”的单位词的单位词a piece of paper 一张纸一张纸

10、 a piece of advice 一条建议一条建议a piece of news 一条新闻一条新闻 a piece of chalk 一支粉笔一支粉笔2.借助表示容量的词借助表示容量的词a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水一瓶墨水 a cup of tea 一杯茶一杯茶a bowl of rice 一碗米饭一碗米饭 a glass of beer 一杯啤酒一杯啤酒3.借助表示重量的词借助表示重量的词a kilo of salt 一公斤盐一公斤盐 ten tons of coal 十吨煤十吨煤4.借助表示形状的词借助表示形状的词a drop of water 一滴水一滴水 a grain

11、 of sand 一粒沙一粒沙Try to find out if the following words are countable nouns or uncountable nouns. Countable nounsUncountable nounsboy, bread, tea, rice, family, tomato, picture, juice, class, bus, water, hamburger, meat, beef, cake, vegetable, chicken, appleWrite the plural form of these countable nou

12、ns.1. boy _ 2. story _ 3. watch _ 4. wish _ 5. fox _ 6. radio _7. tomato _ 8. knife _ 9. shelf _ 10. foot _ 11. woman_ 12. child _ 13. tooth _ 14. sheep _boysstorieswatcheswishesfoxesradiostomatoesknivesshelveschildrenwomenfeetteethsheep There is a map on the wall. There is an orange orange on the t

13、able. There is some bread in the bag. There is some water in the cup. There are two students in the classroom. There are some apples on the tree.There is a map on the wall.There is an orange orange on the table.There is some bread in the bag.There is some water in the cup.There are two students in t

14、he classroom.There are some apples on the tree.ambeamis areThere be句型的基本结构句型的基本结构a/an+ C单单+地点状语地点状语There isU+地点状语地点状语There are + c复复+地点状语地点状语可数名词： an apple two apples an aunt three aunts a map some maps a baseball a lot of baseballs a student many students some/a lot of “一些一些”既既可以修饰可可以修饰可数名词数名词 也可也可

15、以修饰不可以修饰不可数名词数名词“许多许多”修饰修饰可数名词可数名词不可数名词： water some water much water milk some mike much milk air some air much air chicken some chicken much chicken bread some bread much bread coffee some coffee much coffeemuch “许多许多”修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词There is a dog on the floor.There is a boy under the tree.There is

16、a schoolbag is in the tree.There is a lot of water in the glass.There is some coffee in the cup.There are two cups on the table.There are some dogs on the sofa.There is a mouse in the box.There is a cat on the box.The mouse is a mouse under the box.There is a mouse behind the box.There is mouse in f

17、ront of the box.Look at my room and my things. 在there be 句型中主语是单数，be动词用is；主语是复数，be动词用are。若句子中有几个并列主语时，be动词的形式要采取就近原则。例：1.There is a girl and two boys under the tree.2.There are two boys and a girl under the tree.There be 句型的句式句型的句式否定句：否定句：be后加后加not。注意肯定句中的。注意肯定句中的some变为变为any。There is some water in t

18、he glass.There isnt any water in the glass. There are some birds in the tree.There arent any birds in the tree.There be 句型的否定句There are two books on the desk.There arent two books on the desk.There is some bread in the plate.There isnt any bread in the plate.There is a book on the bed.There isnt a b

19、ook on the bed.There is a bag under the table.There isnt a bag under the table.There is some water in the glass.There isnt any water in the cup.There are some books in the bookcase.There arent any books in the bookcase.There are some bags under the drawer.There arent any bags under the drawer.一般疑问句一

20、般疑问句：be动词动词(is,are)要要提到句提到句首首。some 变变any，其他都不变，其他都不变There is a mouse in the house.Is there a mouse in the house ?There are some flowers in the garden.Are there any flowers in the garden?Is there?Yes, there is.No, there isntAre there？Yes, there are.No, there arent.Is there a bag under the table?Yes,

21、there is.No, there isnt.Is there any water in the glass?Yes, there is.No, there isnt.There are some bags under the drawer.No,there arent.Yes, there are.There are some books in the bookcase?No, there arent.Yes, there are.There be 和have(has)都表示“有”的含义。There be 表示“某处存在某物或某人”此时不强调物归谁有。 例：There is a box o

22、n the desk.桌子上有一个盒子。have(has) 表示“某人拥有某物(某人）“，此时强调所有、拥有关系。例：We have two basketballs。我们有两个篮球。（强调篮球为我们拥有）对There be结构中的主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构：Whats+介词短语（介词+地点名词）？中间通常不用there.There is a bike under the tree.Whats under the tree?There are many books on the table. Whats on the table?练习一、用恰当的练习一、用恰当的be动词填空。动词填空。1、T

23、here _ a lot of sweets in the box.2、There _ some milk in the glass.3、There _ some girls under the big tree.4、There _ a picture and two maps on the wall.4、There _ two pictures and a map on the wall.areareisare issome 和和any 在在there be 句型中的运用：句型中的运用：some 用于用于肯定句肯定句， any 用于用于否定句否定句或或疑问句疑问句。and 和和or 在在th

24、ere be句型中的运用：句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，用于肯定句， or 用于用于否定句否定句或或疑问句疑问句。 针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：1.How many + 名词复数名词复数 + are there + 介词短介词短语？语？There are two computers on the desk.How many computers are there on the desk?2.How much + 不可数名词不可数名词 + is there + 介词介词短语？短语？ There is some milk in the glass.How much milk is there in the glass?We use there be to show that something exists.W