IT项目管理术语对照

1、汉语翻译Accept验收Acceptance验收AcceptanceCriteria验收标准AcquireProjectTeamProcess获取项目团队Activity活动ActivityAttributesOutput/Input活动属性ActivityCode活动编码ActivityDefinitionProcess活动定义ActivityDescription(AD)活动描述ActivityDuration活动历时ActivityDurationEstimatingProcess活动历时估算ActivityIdentifier活动标识符ActivityListOutput/Input活

2、动列表Activity-on-Arrow(AOAAOA双代号法Activity-on-Node(AONAON单代号法ActivityResourceEstimatingProcess活动资源估算ActivitySequencingProcess活动排序ActualCost(AQ实际成本ActualCostofWorkPerformed(ACWP已执行工作的实际成本ActualDuration实际历时ActualFinishDate(AF)实际完成日期ActualStartDate(AS)实际开始日期AnalogousEstimatingTechnique类比估算ApplicationArea应

3、用领域ApportionedEffort(AE)分配的工作量Approval批准Approve批准ApprovedChangeRequest已批准的变更请求Arrow箭线ArrowDiagrammingMethod(ADM箭线图As-ofDate截止日期AssumptionsOutput/Input假设AssumptionsAnalysisTechnique假设分析Authority职权BackwardPass逆向推算BarChartTool条形图（甘特图）Baseline基线BaselineFinishDate基线完成日期BaselineStartDate基线开始日期BillofMateri

4、als(BOM材料单Bottom-upEstimatingTechnique自底向上估算BrainstormingTechnique头脑风暴Budget预算BudgetatCompletion(BA。完工预算BudgetedCostofWorkPerformed(BCWP已执行工作的预算成本BudgetedCostofWorkScheduled(BCWS计划工作的预算成本Buffer缓冲Buyer买方CalendarUnit日历单位ChangeControl变更控制ChangeControlBoard(CCB变更控制委员会ChangeControlSystemTool变更控制系统ChangeR

5、equest变更请求ChartofAccountsTool账目图表Charter章程（宪章）ChecklistOutput/InputClaimCloseProjectProcessClosingProcessesProcessGroupCodeofAccountsToolCo-locationTechniqueCommonCauseCommunicationCommunicationManagementPlanOutput/InputCommunicationsPlanningProcessCompensationComponentToolConfigurationManagementSys

6、temConstraintInput检查单索偿、索赔结项（结束项目）结束（收尾）过程账目编码同地办公共同原因沟通沟通管理计划沟通规划补偿部（组）件配置管理系统约束（条件）意外、应急情况ContingencyContingencyAllowanceContingencyReserveOutput/InputOutput/InputContractContractAdministrationContractClosureProcess应急余量应急储备合同ProcessOutput/InputContractManagementPlanContractStatementofWork(SO例Outpu

7、t/InputContractWorkBreakdownStructureOutput/Input(CWBS)合同终止/收尾合同管理计划合同工作说明书合同工作分解结构ControlTechniqueControlAccountControlAccountPlanControlChartControlLimits(CATool(CAPToolToolControllingCorrectiveActionCostCostBaselineCostBudgetingProcessCostControlProcessCostEstimatingProcessCostManagementPlanOutpu

8、t/InputCostofQuality(COQTechniqueostPerformanceIndex(CPI)Cost-Plus-FeeCost-Plus-Fixed-FeeCost-Plus-Incentive-Fee(CPIF)ContractCost-Plus-PercentageofCostCost-ReimbursableContractCostVariance(CPF(CPFFContract(CPPC(CVCrashingTechniquereateWBS(WorkBreakdownStructure)ProcessriteriaCriticalActivityCritica

9、lChainMethodCriticalPathTechniqueOutput/InputCriticalPathMethodCurrentFinishDate(CPMTechniqueCurrentStartDateCustomerDataDate(DDDateDecisionTreeAnalysisTechniqueDecomposeDecompositionTechniqueDefectDefectRepairOutput/InputDeliverableDelphiTechniqueTechnique控制控制帐目控制账目计划控制图控制范围控制纠正措施成本成本基线成本预算成本控制成本估算

10、成本管理计划质量成本成本绩效系数成本加附加费成本加固定附加费合同成本加奖励合同成本加成本比率合同成本偿还合同成本偏差压缩、赶工创建工作分解结构准则/标准关键活动关键链法关键路径关键路径法当前结束日期当前开始日期顾客、客户数据时期时期、日期决策树分析分解分解缺陷缺陷修复可交付物德尔菲技术Dependency依赖关系DesignReviewTechnique设计评审DevelopProjectCharterProcess制定项目章程DevelopProjectManagementPlanProcess制定项目管理计划DevelopProjectScopeStatement(Preliminary)

11、Process制定项目范围说明书（初步）DevelopProjectTeamProcess项目团队建设DirectandManageProjectExecutionProcess指导和管理项目执行Discipline学科、专业DiscreteEffort离散工作量Document文档DocumentedProcedure总结并记录下来的流程DummyActivity虚活动Duration(DUorDUR)历时EarlyFinishDate(EF)最早结束时间EarlyStartDate(ES)最早开始时间EarnedValue(EV)挣值EarnedValueManagement(EVM挣值管

12、理EarnedValueTechnique(EVT)Technique挣值技术Effort工作量Enterprise企业EnterpriseEnvironmentalFactorsOutput/Input企业环境因素/事业环境因素EstimateOutput/Input估算EstimateatCompletion(EA。Output/Input完工估算EstimatetoComplete(ETQOutput/Input完工尚需估算Event事件ExceptionReport异常报告Execute执行Executing执行ExecutingProcessesProcessGroup执行过程Exe

13、cution执行ExpectedMonetaryValue(EMVAnalysis期望货币值分析ExpertJudgmentTechnique专家判断FailureModeandEffectAnalysis(FMEATechnique失效模式和影响分析FastTrackingTechnique快速跟进FinishDate结束日期Finish-to-Finish(FF)结束-结束Finish-to-Start(FS)结束-开始Firm-Fixed-Price(FFRContract固定总价合同Fixed-Price-Incentive-Fee(FPIF)Contract固定价格加奖励合同Fixe

14、d-PriceorLump-SumContract固定价格或总额合同Float浮动时间FlowchartingTechnique流程图Forecasts预测、预想ForwardPass正向推算、正推法FreeFloat(FF)自由浮动时间FunctionalManager职能经理FunctionalOrganization职能型组织Funds资金GanttChart甘特图Goods货物、物品、商品Grade等级GroundRulesTool基本规则、条例HammockActivity集合活动HistoricalInformation历史信息HumanResourcePlanningProces

15、s人力资源规划ImposedDate强制日期InfluenceDiagramTool影响图Influencer有影响力的人InformationDistributionProcess信息发布InitiatingProcessesProcessGroup启动过程、开始过程Initiator发起人InputProcessInput输入InspectionTechnique审查Integral整体（构成整体所必须的）Integrated整体的IntegratedChangeControlProcess整体变更控制InvitationforBid(IFB)邀标书Issue问题、争端Knowledge知

16、识KnowledgeAreaProcess知识域过程KnowledgeArea,ProjectManagement知识域、项目管理LagTechnique滞后LateFinishDate(LF)最迟结束时间LateStartDate(LS)最迟开始时间LatestRevisedEstimate最新修订的估算LeadTechnique超前LessonsLearnedOutput/Input经验教训LessonsLearnedKnowledgeBase经验知识库LevelofEffort(LOE投入水平Leveling平衡LifeCycle生命周期Log日志Logic逻辑LogicDiagram逻

17、辑图LogicalRelationship逻辑关系ManageProjectTeamProcess管理项目团队ManageStakeholdersProcess管理项目干系人MasterScheduleTool主进度表Materiel物资MatrixOrganization矩阵型组织Methodology方法论Milestone里程碑MilestoneScheduleTool里程碑进度Monitor监督MonitorandControlProjectWorkProcess监督和控制项目工作Monitoring监督MonitoringandControllingProcessesProcessG

18、roup监督和控制过程MonteCarloAnalysis蒙特卡洛分析Near-CriticalActivity近关键路径/次关键路径Network网络NetworkAnalysis网络分析NetworkLogic网络逻辑NetworkLoop网络循环NetworkOpenEnd网络开放端NetworkPath网络路径NetworkingTechnique人际网Node节点Objective目标、目的Operations（日常）运营Opportunity机会Organization组织OrganizationChartTool组织图OrganizationalBreakdownStructur

19、e(OBSTool组织分解结构OrganizationalProcessAssetsOutput/Input组织过程财富/组织过程资产OriginalDuration(OD初始历时OutputProcessOutput输出ParametricEstimatingTechnique参数式估算ParetoChartTool帕累托图PathConvergence路径会聚PathDivergence路径发散PercentComplete(PCorPCT)完成百分率PerformQualityAssurance(QAProcess执行质量保证PerformQualityControl(QCProcess

20、执仃质重控制PerformanceMeasurementBaseline绩效测量基线PerformanceReportingProcess绩效报告PerformanceReportsOutput/Input绩效报告PerformingOrganization执行组织Phase阶段PlanContractingProcess计划签约PlanPurchasesandAcquisitionsProcess计划购买和获取PlannedFinishDate(PF)计划结束时间PlannedStartDate(PS)计划开始时间PlannedValue(PV)计划值PlanningPackage计划包Pl

21、anningProcessesProcessGroup计划过程Portfolio投资组合PortfolioManagementTechnique投资组合管理/项目组合管理PositionDescriptionTool职（岗）位描述Practice惯例PrecedenceDiagrammingMethod(PDMTechnique前导图法PrecedenceRelationship前导关系PredecessorActivity前置活动PreventiveAction预防措施ProbabilityandImpactMatrixTool概率和影响矩阵Procedure流程Process过程Proce

22、ssGroup过程组ProcurementDocumentsOutput/Input采购文档ProcurementManagementPlanOutput/Input采购管理计划Product产品ProductLifeCycle产品生命周期ProductScope产品范围ProductScopeDescription产品范围描述Program大型项目ProgramManagement大型项目管理ProgramManagementOffice(PMO大型项目管理办公室ProgressiveElaborationTechnique渐进明细Project项目ProjectCalendar项目日历Pr

23、ojectCharterOutput/Input项目章程ProjectCommunicationsManagementKnowledgeArea项目沟通管理ProjectCostManagementKnowledgeArea项目成本管理ProjectHumanResourceManagementKnowledgeArea项目人力资源管理ProjectInitiation项目启动ProjectIntegrationManagementKnowledgeArea项目整体管理ProjectLifeCycle项目生命周期ProjectManagement(PM项目管理ProjectManagement

24、BodyofKnowledge(PMBOK?项目管理知识体系ProjectManagementInformationSystem(PMIS)Tool项目管理信息系统ProjectManagementKnowledgeArea项目管理知识域ProjectManagementOffice(PMO项目管理办公室ProjectManagementPlanOutput/Input项目管理计划ProjectManagementProcess项目管理过程ProjectManagementProcessGroup项目管理过程组ProjectManagementProfessional(PMP?项目管理专业人员

25、ProjectManagementSoftwareTool项目管理软件ProjectManagementSystemTool项目管理系统ProjectManagementTeam项目管理团队ProjectManager(PM项目经理ProjectOrganizationChartOutput/Input项目组织章程ProjectPhase项目阶段ProjectProcessGroups项目过程组ProjectProcurementManagementKnowledgeArea项目采购管理ProjectQualityManagementKnowledgeArea项目质量管理ProjectRisk

26、ManagementKnowledgeArea项目风险管理ProjectScheduleOutput/Input项目进度ProjectScheduleNetworkDiagramOutput/Input项目进度网络图ProjectScope项目范围ProjectScopeManagementKnowledgeArea项目范围管理ProjectScopeManagementPlanOutput/Input项目范围管理计划ProjectScopeStatementOutput/Input项目范围说明书ProjectSponsor项目出资人ProjectStakeholder项目干系人Project

27、SummaryWorkBreakdownStructure(PSWBSTool项目概要工作分解结构ProjectTeam项目团队ProjectTeamDirectory项目团队名录ProjectTeamMembers项目团队成员ProjectTimeManagementKnowledgeArea项目时间管理ProjectWork项目工作ProjectizedOrganization项目型组织QualitativeRiskAnalysisProcess定性风险分析Quality质量QualityManagementPlanOutput/Input质量管理计划QualityPlanningProc

28、ess质量规划QuantitativeRiskAnalysisProcess定量风险分析Regulation规章Reliability可靠性RemainingDuration(RD剩余历时RequestforInformation征集资料/信息RequestforProposal(RFP)方案征集书RequestforQuotation(RFQ报价请求RequestSellerResponsesProcess请求卖方回应RequestedChangeOutput/Input已申请的变更Requirement需求Reserve预留ReserveAnalysisTechnique预留分析Resid

29、ualRisk残余风险Resource资源ResourceBreakdownStructure(RBS资源分解结构ResourceCalendar资源日历Resource-ConstrainedSchedule受限于资源的进度ResourceHistogram资源图ResourceLevelingTechnique资源平衡Resource-LimitedSchedule资源受限的进度ResourcePlanning资源计划ResponsibilityAssignmentMatrix(RAMTool职责分配矩阵Result成果、结果Retainage保证金Rework返工Risk风险RiskAc

30、ceptanceTechnique风险接受RiskAvoidanceTechnique风险规避RiskBreakdownStructure(RBSTool风险分解结构RiskCategory风险类别RiskDatabase风险数据库RiskIdentificationProcessRiskManagementPlanOutput/InputRiskManagementPlanningProcessRiskMitigationRiskMonitoringandControlTechniqueProcessRiskRegisterOutput/InputRiskResponsePlanningPr

31、ocessRiskTransferenceTechniqueRoleRollingWavePlanningTechniqueRootCauseAnalysisTechniquecheduleScheduleActivityScheduleAnalysisScheduleCompressionTechniqueScheduleControlProcessScheduleDevelopmentProcessScheduleManagementPlanOutput/InputScheduleMilestoneScheduleModelToolScheduleNetworkAnalysisTechni

32、queSchedulePerformanceIndex(SPI)ScheduleVariance(SV)ScheduledFinishDate(SF)ScheduledStartDate(SS)ScopeScopeBaselineScopeChangeScopeControlProcessScopeCreepcopeDefinitionProcessScopePlanningProcessScopeVerificationProcessS-CurveSecondaryRiskelectSellersProcessSellerSensitivityAnalysisServicehould-Cos

33、tEstimate风险识别风险管理计划风险管理规划风险缓解风险监督和控制风险登记表风险响应规划风险转移角色滚动式计划根本原因分析进度、进度表进度活动进度分析进度压缩进度控制进度制定进度管理计划进度里程碑进度模型进度网络分析进度绩效指数进度偏差计划结束时间计划开始时间范围范围基线范围变更范围控制范围蔓延范围定义范围规划范围验证S曲线二次风险卖方（供方）选择卖方、供方敏感度（灵敏度）分析服务理想成本估算Simulation模拟Skill技能Slack松弛量SpecialCause特定原因Specification规格说明书SpecificationLimits规格限定Sponsor出资人、出资方StaffingManagementPlanProcess人员配置管理计划Stakeholder项目干系人Standard标准StartDate开始时间Start-to-Finish(SF)开始-结束Start-to-Start(SS)开始-