SAT 2数学讲义

1、SAT SUBJECT MATHSAT SUBJECT MATH1SATSAT概况概况 /2SATSAT概况概况 3Arithmetic Arithmetic 算式算式 A.Whole numbers 1. Operationsaddition, subtraction, multiplication, division 2. Prime and composite numbers 3. Factors and divisors B.Fractions 1. Typesproper, improper, mixed numbers 2. O

2、perations4Arithmetic Arithmetic 算式算式 C.Decimals 1. Operations 2. Conversions a) Decimals to fractions b) Fractions to decimals 3. Rounding and approximation 4. Powers of 10 a) Multiplication b) Division c) Scientific notation5Arithmetic Arithmetic 算式算式 D.Percent 1. Conversions a) Percent to decimal

3、b) Decimal to percent 2. Percent problems E. Ratio and proportion F. Square roots G.Averages H. Metric measurement6Algebra Algebra 代数代数 A. Signed numbers 1. Absolute value 2. Inequality and order of signed numbers 3. Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division 4. Order of operations 5. Grouping

4、symbols 6. Evaluating algebraic expressions and formulas7Algebra Algebra 代数代数 B.Properties of operations 1. Commutative properties 2. Associative properties 3. Distributive properties 4. Special properties of zero 5. Special properties of one 6. Additive and multiplicative inverses8Algebra Algebra 代

5、数代数 C. Operations with polynomials 1. Exponents and coefficients 2. Addition and subtraction 3. Multiplication 4. Division D. Equations in one variable 1. Methods of solution 2. Literal equations9Algebra Algebra 代数代数 E. Inequalities in one variable F. Systems of equations and inequalities in two var

6、iables G.Verbal Problems 1. Number 2. Consecutive integer 3. Motion 4. Coin 5. Mixture 6. Age 7. Work 8. Variationdirect and inverse10Algebra Algebra 代数代数 H.Special products and factoring 1. Common monomial factors 2. Trinomials of the form ax + bx + c 3. Difference of two squares 4. Complete factor

7、ing11Algebra Algebra 代数代数 I. Algebraic fractions 1. Simplifying fractions 2. Multiplication 3. Division 4. Addition and subtraction a) Same denominators b) Different denominators 5. Complex fractions 6. Equations involving fractions12Algebra Algebra 代数代数 J. Radicals and irrational numbers 1. Simplif

8、ying radicals 2. Addition and subtraction of radicals 3. Multiplication and division of radicals 4. Rationalizing denominators 5. Radical equations 6. Fractional exponents13Algebra Algebra 代数代数 K.Solution of quadratic equations 1. Factoring 2. Completing the square 3. Formula14Algebra Algebra 代数代数 L

9、.Graphing 1. Ordered pairs in the plane 2. Methods of graphing linear equations a) Pairs in the solution set b) Intercepts c) Slope and slope-intercept method 3. Parallel and perpendicular lines 4. Graphing inequalities 5. Graphical solution of systems of equations15Algebra Algebra 代数代数 M . Solution

10、 of simple cubic equations 1. Factor theorem 2. Remainder theorem 3. Synthetic division 4. Irrational and complex roots 5. Solving simple cubic equations16Geometry Geometry 几何几何 A. Angles 1. Typesacute, right, obtuse 2. Complements and supplements 3. Vertical angles B. Lines 1. Parallel lines and th

11、eir angles 2. Perpendicular lines17Geometry Geometry 几何几何 C.Triangles 1. Sum of the angles 2. Congruent triangles 3. Similar triangles 4. Special triangles a) Isosceles b) Equilateral c) Right (Pythagorean Theorem) 5. Vectors18Geometry Geometry 几何几何 D. Polygons 1. Quadrilaterals a) Parallelogram b)

12、Rectangle c) Square d) Rhombus e) Trapezoid f) Regular Polygons19Geometry Geometry 几何几何 E.Circles 1. Special lines and their related angles a) Radius and diameter b) Chord c) Tangent d) Secant 2. Angle and arc measurement 3. Polygons inscribed in circles20Geometry Geometry 几何几何 F. Perimeter and area

13、 1. Triangles 2. Polygons 3. Circles a) Circumference and arc length b) Area of sectors and segments21Geometry Geometry 几何几何 G. Volume 1. Pyramid 2. Prism 3. Cylinder 4. Cone 5. Sphere 6. Cube 7. Rectangular solid22Geometry Geometry 几何几何 H. Coordinate geometry 1. Coordinate representation of points

14、2. Distance between two points 3. Midpoint of a line segment 4. Slope of a line 5. Parallel and perpendicular lines23Geometry Geometry 几何几何 I. Basic trigonometry 1. Definitions of sine, cosine, tangent 2. Trigonometry in special triangles a) 306090 triangle b) Isoceles right triangle 3. Trigonometri

15、c problems a) Angle of elevation b) Angle of depression24Functions & their graphs Functions & their graphs 函数及其图形函数及其图形 A. Relations and functions 1. Ordered pairs 2. Function notation 3. Domain and range 4. One-to-one functions 5. Inverse functions 6. Combining functions a) Addition, subtra

16、ction, multiplication, division b) Composition25Functions & their graphs Functions & their graphs 函数及其图形函数及其图形 B. Graphs 1. Linear a) Slope b) Intercepts 2. Special functions a) Absolute value function b) Step functions26Functions & their graphs Functions & their graphs 函数及其图形函数及其图形

17、3. Polynominal and rational functions a) Quadraticparabola i. Axis of symmetry ii. Vertex b) Cubics c) Hyperbola of the form xy = k27Functions & their graphs Functions & their graphs 函数及其图形函数及其图形 4. Related non-function graphs a) Circle b) Ellipse c) Hyperbola of the form ax2 by2 = c 5. Grap

18、hs of inverse functions28Real numbers system Real numbers system 实数实数 A. Subsets of the real numbers 1. Natural numbers a) Primes b) Compositesprime factorization 2. Integers a) Multiples and divisors i. Factors ii. Divisibility iii. Least common multiple iv. Greatest common divisor v. Perfect squar

19、es b) Odd and even integers29Real numbers system Real numbers system 实数实数 3. Rational and irrational numbers a) Decimal representations b) Simplification of radicals and exponents c) Identifying rational and irrational numbers B . Operations and properties 1. Properties of the binary operations a) C

20、losure b) Commutative properties c) Associative properties d) Distributive properties30Real numbers system 实数 2. Absolute value 3. Real number line a) Order b) Density c) Completeness31Real numbers system Real numbers system 实数实数 4. Properties of zero and one a) Identity elements b) Additive and mul

21、tiplicative inverses c) Division involving zero d) Zero as an exponent 5. Nature of the roots of quadratic equations 6. Pythagorean triples32Sets Sets 集合集合 A. Meaning and symbols 1. Set notation 2. Set membership 3. Ordered pairs 4. Cardinality of a set B. Types of sets 1. Finite 2. Infinite 3. Empt

22、y33Sets Sets 集合集合 C.Relationships between sets 1. Equal sets 2. Equivalent sets 3. Subsets 4. Complements D.Set Operations 1. Union 2. Intersection 3. Cartesian products 4. Laws of set operations 5. Closure E. Venn diagrams34Trigonometry Trigonometry 三角学三角学 A.Trigonometry of the right triangle 1. De

23、finitions of the six functions 2. Relations of the functions of the complementary angles 3. Reciprocal relations among the functions 4. Variations in the functions of acute angles 5. Pythagorean and quotient relations 6. Functions of 30, 45, and 60 7. Applications of the functions to right triangle

24、problems35Trigonometry Trigonometry 三角学三角学 B.Trigonometric functions of the general angle 1. Generating an angle of any size 2. Radians and degrees 3. Using radians to determine arc length 4. Definitions of the functions of an angle 5. Signs of the functions in the four quadrants 6. Functions of the

25、 quadrantal angle 7. Finding the value of functions of any angle36Trigonometry Trigonometry 三角学三角学 C. Identities and equations 1. Difference between identities in equations 2. Proving identities 3. Solving linear trigonometric functions 4. Solving trigonometric quadratic equations37Trigonometry Trigonometry 三角学三角学 D. Generalized trigonometric relationships 1. Functions of the sum of two angles 2. Fu