2022年中考英语复习---语法知识精讲

1、九年级中考复习-语法知识精讲一、时态1、一般现在时：表示经常性发生的动作或客观存在的事实和真理时间状语：always, every day, usually, often, sometimes 注意：as soon as, when, if 引导的状语从句，主句用将来时、从句用一般现在时2、一般过去时：表示动作发生在过去 时间状语：yesterday, last week, 时间+ago, just now3、一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作 时间状语：tomorrow, next week, in +时间, soon 结构：will + do, be going to + do4、现在进行时：

2、表示动作正在进行 结构： be + doing 注意：go, come, leave, start, move, arrive, reach, get to, sail等表示位置移动的动 词用现在进行时表示将来 例： He is leaving tomorrow. 他明天将要离开。5、过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻正在做的动作 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that moment, at that time. 结构：was / were +doing 注意：when, while 引导的时间状语从句用进行时态6、现在完成时：表示从过去开始的动作持续到现在，或已发

3、生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 时间状语：already, ever, never, yet, just, for+时间段, since+时间点, in the past +时间， recently, lately 结构：have / has + 动词过去分词 瞬间动词不能和表示一段时间的for 短语和since短语连用，也不能用于how long 引导的疑问句中。如果要用，应将瞬间动词改为相应的持续性动词。become-has been in borrow-has kept buy-has had die-has been dead leave-has been away begin-has

4、 been onfinish-has been over open-has been opened close-has been closed 注意：have been to 去过某地几次，已回来 have gone to 去了某地，还末回来 have been in 在某地待了多少时间7、There be 的一般将来时：There will be 或 There is / are going to be there be + 人 + doing sth (有某人正在做某事) 二、句子种类1、祈使句：表示请求、命令，主语you被省略，动词用原形，否定：dont + do2、感叹句： What

5、+ (a /an)+形容词+名词（+主语+谓语）！ What an interesting story (it is)! How + 形容词/ 副词 + 主语 + 谓语 ！How interesting the story is!How wonderfully the girl sings!3、特殊疑问句： Whats your father? (问职业) How long have you been here? (问多长时间) 答语：-For +时间 How long is the bridge? （问长度多少） 答语：-Its + 长度 How far is it from here to

6、 the zoo? (问距离多远)答语：-Its + ten minutes walk. (要步行10分钟) How often do you take the piano lessons? (问频率，多久一次)答语：-Every + Saturday afternoon. -Twice + a week. How soon will she arrive? （问多久之后，用于将来时） 答语：-In +时间 How tall ( 问人、树多高) How high (问山、建筑物多高)4、there be 与have 的区别 （他们两者不能混合在一个句子中） there be 句型表示“存在”关

7、系，指某地存在有某物 have 表示“所属”关系，指某人、某物拥有某物 三、宾语从句1、宾语从句的结构： 主句 + 引导词 +从句2、宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他” 例：Could you tell me where you are going? I dont know where the meeting will be held.3、常见的引导词： that (没实际意义，可省略) 特殊疑问词： when, who, what, how, whoseif / whether（是否）-（在从句中含有or not 时，用whether引导，构成whetheror not

8、）注意：whose (谁的) + 名词 例：He asked whose handwriting was the best.4、从句的时态主句是一般现在时或将来时，从句的时态由句意决定例：He doesnt know that his mother came to see him. (他不知道他的母亲来看过他)I want to know whether he lives there. （我想知道他是否住在那里）主句是过去时，从句只能用相应的过去时态例：He tells me that he is getting ready for the sports meeting. He told me

9、 that he was getting ready for the sports meeting.He asks if you have written to Peter. He asked if you had written to Peter.They wonder whether they will have an English exam next Monday. They wondered whether they would have an English exam next Monday.如果从句陈述的是客观真理，时态要用一般现在时例：Scientists proved tha

10、t the earth goes around the sun.Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.5、宾语从句可以转化为含有不定式的简单句，即“引导词+to + 动词原形+其他”例：I didnt know how I could do it. = I didnt know how to do it.Mike didnt decide what he would buy = Mike didnt decide what to buy.6、宾语从句的否定转移（否定前置）例：I dont believe the

11、y have finished the work. (我相信他们还没有完成工作) 四、定语从句1、定语从句的结构： The book which I gave you costs 10 yuan. 主句：The book costs 10 yuan. 从句： which I gave you2、引导词： that 指人或物 （作主语或宾语） which 指物 （作主语或宾语） who 指人 （作主语或宾语） whom 指人 （作宾语） 例：The woman _is the most important in my life is my mother. The woman _I am waiting for is my mother. whose 指人或物 （作定语） 例：The boy _father works abroad is my deskmate. 那个父亲在国外工作的男孩是我的同桌。 where 指地点 （作状语） 例：This is the factory _I worked in two years ago. This is the factory _I visited two years ago.3、当先行词是everything, anything, nothing, all, little, much, any 等时，只用that引导 例：I rem