中考英语三大从句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句).

1、中考英语专项复习一一宾语从句】(一)宾语从句的种类宾语从旬在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1 .由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非 正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn ' t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2 .由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连

2、接副词 when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例 如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don ' t know why theitn is late.3 .由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是 是否"。例如：I want to know if (wh

3、ether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.(二)宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为 陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isn ' t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we ' ll have the meeting.(三)宾语从句的时态1 .如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽

4、时态就用什麽时态。I don ' t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2 .如果丰句的时态是一般过去时， 宾语从句只能用相应的过去时小(一般讨夫 时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written

5、to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3 .如果宾语从句所陈述的是 客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.注意:运用虚拟语气的情况在表示建议suggest、advise、propose;要求 demand、desira request决定 decide; 命令 order、comman

6、d require; 坚决主张 insist;等动词后跟宾 语从句，用虚拟语气：（should） +v.（原形）Eg: I suggested that you （should） study hard.He ordered that we （should ）go out at once【中考链接】1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me?A. where you buy itB. where do you buy itC. where you bought itD. where did you buy it2.Excuse me .Could

7、you tell me I can get to the Space Museum?-Of course. You can take bus No.1.A. whereB. howC. ifD. why3 .Do you know the new mobile phone last week?-Maybe 900 yuan. I ' nmt quite sure.A. how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for4 . Michael Jordan has failed ov

8、er and over again in his life.And that 's he succeeds.A. whatB. whenC. whyD. where5. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. It's aboutA. how did Alice end the Red QueenB. what did Alice end the Red Queen's reign of terrorC. how Alice ended the Red Queens reign of terrorD. what Alice e

9、nded the Red Queen's reign of terror6. Do you knowthe girl in red is?20I ' m not sure. Maybe a teacher.A. whenB. howC. whereD. what7.What did your parents thank about your decision?-They always let me do I think I should.A. whenB. thatC. how8. I want to know.A. when we should arrive at the a

10、irport airportC. when the airport we should arrive at arrive at9. -Would you please tell me?D. whatB. when should we arrive at theD. when the airport should we-At 10:00 this evening.A. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave C. when does the train leave10.Could you tell me?1. Fill in

11、this form and I will give you a card.A. how I can meet Cathy B. where I can meet Cathy C. when I can meet Cathy11. -Do you know the man with sunglasses is?-I ' m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. whereD. how12. -Tommy, do you know if Frank to the zoo this Sunday if it ?-Sorry, I have no

12、 idea.A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine13. No one can be sure in a million years.A. what man looks likeB. what will man look likeC. what man looked likeD. what man will look like14. Sue told me that she shopping with her sister the next day.A.

13、 will go B. would go C. goes D. has gone15. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder.A. how much it cost B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how muchdoes it cost16. -When do you think?-About half past five. I will pick him up at the airport.A. he will come B. will he come C. did he

14、come D. he came17. Our teacher told us the sun in the east.A. riseB. roseC. risingD. rises18. -Listen! It is still noisy in the head teacher ' s office.-Go and see they have finished correcting the papers yet.A. though B. whetherC. unlessD. while19. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-So

15、rry. I don ' t know.A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad20. -Do you know the man with sunglasses is?1 I ' m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. whereD. how1-5 CBACC 6-10 DDABA11【解析】选B 12【解析】选Ao结合题意汤姆，如果天气好的话，你知道弗 兰

16、克这个星期六将去动物园吗？ ”可知第一个空是宾语从句，要用一般将来时， 第二个空是条件状语从句，要用一般现在时，故排除 B、C、D三项，选Ao13【解析】选Do从语序方面先排除B,另结合时间状语in a million years可知 要用一般将来时，14【解析】选Bo结合主句中的told和从句中的the next day可知要用过去将来 时，故排除A、C、D三项15【解析】选C16【解析】选A。问句是带有插入语do you think的宾语从句，要用陈述语序， 先排除B、C二项；另结合答句中的will pick him up可知要用一般将来时，故舍 D选Ao17【解析】选Do从句中所说 太阳

17、从东边升起”是客观事实，所以不管主句用什 么时态，从句总是用一般现在时，故正确答案为 D.18【解析】选Bo考查whether引导的宾语从句。结合题意 去看看他们是否已改 完了试卷”19【解析】选D20【解析】选Bo四个选项都可以引导宾语从句，结合答语 “Maybea reporter. 可知问句是在询问人的职业，故正确答案为 Bo题意为 你知道那个戴眼镜的男 人是做什么的吗？ ”中考英语专项复习一一状语从句1状语从何用来修饰主句中的 动词，副词和形容词 的从何叫状语从何。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，

18、让步状语从句。2 .时间状语从句(1)时间状语从何常用 when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon asl词来引导It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.Aft

19、er he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状I ' ll ring you up as soon a get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He won' t beeve it until he sees it with his own eyes.3 .条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless弓I导What shall we do if

20、 it snows tomorrow?Don' t leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态I ' ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He won ' t be late unlese is ill.(3)祈使句+ and (or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复 合句。Study hard and you will pass the exam. = If you study hard

21、, you will pass the exam.4 .原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, aSl导。He didn ' t come to schOolcause he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you can ' t answer the question, I ' ll ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because As和s

22、ince语气较弱，一 般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。Why aren ' t going there?BecauseI don ' t want to.As he has no car, he can ' t get there easily.Since we have no money, we can ' t buy it.(3)becaus琲口 so不能同用在一个句子里。5 .结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由 so that, such -that, sothiaj。He is so poor thathe can &

23、#39; t buy a bike for his sonShe is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so thatl couldn ' t see it.(2)sothat语 such.that可以互换。在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。具结构是：“ .so 形容词(副词)+ that + 从句例如：The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.在由such。-that引导的结果状

24、语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单 数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不 带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such 10ng arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.天花板)He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。It was such a wo

25、nderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.如果名词前由 many, much, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用 so,不用 such。Soon there were s

26、o many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he can ' t go to the cinemW 电影） with you.6 .比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由asas,比较级+ than 等连词引导。Tom runs faster than John does.7 .目的状语从句（1）目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that （为了，以便）引导。We started early so that we could catch the first train

27、.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.（2）so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从旬的办法有两个：1）目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词 can, could, may, might等。2）从意思上看.目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如:Speak clearly so that they may understand you.国 的状语从句）Jack is badly il

28、l so that he has to rest.（结果状语从句）8 .让步状语从句（1）让步状语从句通常由although, though冬管，虽然）等连词引导。Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.（2）although（though）不能用在同一个句子中。并且句子中不能再用but。我们不能说： Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说： Though it was raining hard, he still

29、 went out.或者：It was raining hard, bul he still went out.（二者单独用，但是汉语翻译的时候，可以把 but的含义 “但是”翻译出来）9 .地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由 where来引导。例如：Where there is a will, there is a way. 总结：状语从句分类及常用连词：类别连词时间状语从旬when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once （但）地点状语从旬where, wherever原因状语从旬because, since, as, fo

30、r, now that既然，由于）目的状语从句in order that(为了,以便)，so that结果状语从句so that, so that, such that, that条件状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as让步状语从旬though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever比较状语从句asas, so as, than方式状语从句as, as if, as though1. he ' s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. S

31、ince C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he to play basket ball with us?-1 think he will come if he free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child into the water and can' t swim, the dolphins may come u|him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; t

32、o help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I don ' t remember he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children cross the street the traffi

33、c lightsturned green.A. not; before B. don ' t; wherC. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with my bike.A. when B. that C. until D. because8. I 'll go swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, th

34、e you are,the mistakes you will make.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons you go out to play.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried I wouldn ' t be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless

35、12. When you read the book, you' dbetter make a mark you have anyquestions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice all the students could hear him.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is tha

36、t we ' d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17.1 felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18 .t

37、he day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19 .well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20 . Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. Got1 .A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A11

38、.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D19.C 20.B中考英语专项复习一一定语从句】一、一语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which,who （宾格 whom, 所有格 whose） 等，关系副词包括 where, when, why 等。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为

39、限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去， 非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、关系代词的用法1. that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不 可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that 作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that 作宾语)2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或

40、宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可 省略。例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarketft 于火车站附近的 那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影 很好看。(作宾语)3.who, whom用于指人，who用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可 用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from En

41、gland.经常在英语方面帮助 我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to ?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？(作宾语)注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在旬末时，who, that, which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词 +which/whom”结构。例如：This is the house in which we lived last yea这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那

42、借的 这本英文小说。(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。(3) that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。 例如：The city that she lives in is very far away她居住的城市非常远。(4)关系词只能用that的情况：a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that:,而不用which.例如：He was the first person

43、that passed the examffc 是第个通过考试的人。b.被修饰的先行词为 all, any, much, many, everything), anything, none, the one等不定代词时，只能用that,而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买 吗？c.先行词被 the only, the very, the same the last, little , few 等词修饰时， 只能用that,而不用which.例如：This is the same

44、bike that I 10sts就是我丢的那辆自行车。d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用 that,而不用which.例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room 我能清楚 记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问旬，为避免重复，只能用 that例如：Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？f.主句是there be结构，修饰主语的定语从句用 that,而不用which.例如：There is a bo

45、ok on the desk that belongs to Tom 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that的情况：a.先行t为that, those时，用which, 而不用that.例如：What ' s that which is under the desk 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用 which,而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。c.弓I导非限制性定语从句，用 which,而不用that.例如：Tom came back which made

46、 us happy.汤姆回来了, 这使我们彳艮高兴。五、关系副词的用法关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词二介词+关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ . which (介词同先行词搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介词同先行词搭酉己)(1) when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：This was the time when he arrive返是他到达的时间。(2) where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如:This is place where he works这是他工作的地点。(3) why指

47、原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总 迟到。【中考链接】1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines,from east to west. Those run from north to south are called avenues.A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that2. This is the case he s had

48、 all his money stolen.A. when B. where C. that D. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn,we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything.A. that the little girl asks himB. the lit

49、tle girl asks him toC. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him5. How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin? Oh, that's easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one the telephone numberis provided.A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose6. October 15 th is

50、my birthday,I will never forget.A. when B. that C. what D. which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. which D. whose8. There are several research centers in China a certain disease called Bird Flu isbeing studied. A.

51、which B. where C. when D. what9. I hope that the little I have been able to do does good to them all.A. which B. what C. that D. when10. The time is not far away modern communications will become widespreadin China' s vast countryside. A. as B. when C. until D. before11. is known to everybody, T

52、aiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.A. It B. As C. Which D. What12. I shall never forget the day Shen Zhou V was launched,has a great effect on my life.A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that13. The bread my wife makes is much better than you can buy at a store.A. that whic

53、h B. one that C. that of which D. this of which14. There is no such place you dream of in all this world.A. that B. what C. which D. as15. The people,had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homesB. all of whose homesC. all their homesD. all of their homes16. The

54、humans are destroying nature day by day,of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.A. whoB. whenC. on which D. Which17. Is this research center you visited the modern equipment last year?A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where18. Some pictures of the river brought the

55、days back to the old they swam in it.A. when B. that C. who D. where19. The man showed us so heavy a stone no man can lift.A. that B. as C. which D. and20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during time he learned muchspoken English. A. that B. this C. which D. same答案与解析：1. A.主语与run（延伸）是主动关系，所以用

56、现在分词。Those指街道，所以不 用who而用that来引导定语从句。2. B.因为在此题中where引导定语从句，表示“在这种种况下"，与in which 相当。3. A.因为先行词是Beijing而不是this autumn所以用where引导定语从句。4. B.答案B是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，另外，to后还省略了动词原 形 painto5. C.因为of which引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。of which the telephone number = whose telephone numbe r6. D.因为这是个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面一句话的内容

57、。7. B.因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的the point在定语从句中作地点状语， 所以用where引导定语从句。8. B.因为先行词是research centers在定语从句中作状语，所以用 where9. C.因为当先行词是表示事物的 all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing等时，多用that引导定语从句。10. 因为先行词是the time,且在定语从句中作状语，所以用 when引导。止匕 题的先行词与定语从何被主句谓语分开了，要善于辨别。11. B.先行t是Taiwan is a part of China整个主句，一般由as或which引导定 语从句，但which引导的定语从何只能放在主句之后，另外，as有“正如”之意，而which没有，所以用aso顺便说说，原句改为：It is known to everybody that Taiwan is 二 What is k