《中考宝典》2016广东省中考英语复习(语法考点)课件：形容词和副词及其考点(共28张PPT)

1、 形容词修饰名词，说明人或事物的性质或特征。如：beautiful， excellent， interesting等。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、或其它结构。如：usually，carefully， luckily等。（1）形容词的主要用法（作定语、表语和宾语补足语）（2）形容词和副词比较等级的构成及用法（原级、比较级和最高级）（3）副词的种类。考点一 形容词的作用 作 用例 句句中的位置作定语You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.I have nothing important to tell you.位于名词之前,不定代

2、词之后（修饰不定代词需后置）作表语Your coat is too small. She looks happy today.位于连系动词之后作宾语补足语The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy.( )1. That clothes store is _ on weekends. I see. Ill go there next Monday then.A. open B. close C. opened D. closed( )2. It is _ for me to follow the Australian guests because

3、I am good at English. A. bad B. easy C. hard D. right( )3. Have you heard the song Stay Here Forever? Yes. It sounds _. A. well B. loudly C. sweet D. beautifully ( )4. Some of the tired students keep their eyes _ in breaks. A. opened B. close C. closed D. open( ) 5. Where would you like to go this M

4、id-Autumn Festival? Id like to go_. A. everywhere relaxing B. somewhere relaxing C. peaceful anywhere D. peaceful somewhere 考点二 形容词的用法 1.形容词名词化：形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，即：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，即：the + 形容词，表示一类人。作主语时，谓语动形容词，表示一类人。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。词用复数形式。这类词有：这类词有：rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy

5、 / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等表示人种等)。如：。如：The young should take good care of the old. 年轻人应该好好照顾老人。年轻人应该好好照顾老人。The rich never help the poor in this country. 在这个国家富人从来不帮助穷人。在这个国家富人从来不帮助穷人。2. 数词的复合词形式起形容词作用，作定语时要数词的复合词形式起形容词作用，作定语时要前置，中心词用单数，词之间要加连字符。前置，中心词用单数，词之间要加连字符。a one-thousand-wor

6、d article 一篇千字文一篇千字文an 8-year-old girl 一个八岁大的女孩一个八岁大的女孩3. 形容词和空间、时间单位合用时须后置。形容词和空间、时间单位合用时须后置。 two years ago 两年前两年前 100 miles long 一百英里长一百英里长 two meters high 两米高两米高 five meters deep 五米深五米深4. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序：多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序： (冠词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格形冠词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格形式式)+ 描述性的定语描述性的定语(数量、性质、大小、新旧、数量、性质

7、、大小、新旧、年龄、颜色年龄、颜色)+ 本质性的定语本质性的定语+ 被修饰的名词被修饰的名词例如：例如：a black young German dogThe woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates. 那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。5. else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：Did you see anybody else? 你看到别的人了吗？你看到别的人了吗？考点三 形容词与副词的变化规律 1、直接由形容词加-ly构成sad-sadly; quiet-quietly; us

8、ual-usually2、以辅音字母加-le结尾的，去掉-e再加-yterrible-terribly; simple-simply; gentle-gentle3、以辅音字母加-y结尾的，变y为i再加-lylucky-luckily; happy-happily; noisy-noisily4、其它变化true-truly; full-fully 注意：hard 既是形容词也是副词，作形容词是“困难的”、“坚硬的”，作副词是“努力地”、“剧烈地”；hardly的意思是“几乎不”，它和hard没关系。考点四 副词的作用 作 用例 句 句中的位置修饰动词speakI dont speak Eng

9、lish well.1、在动词之前；2、在be动词、助动词之后；多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后；3、enough位于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。修饰形容词importantReading is very important.修饰副词 fastHe didnt run fast enough.修饰句子Luckily, she didnt hurt badly.( )6. Its dark. I cant see the words on the blackboard _. A. carefully B. clearly C. silently D. patiently( )7. We a

10、re happy to see our city is developing _ these years than before. A. quickly B. the most quickly C. very quickly D. more quickly( )8. Its said that Mo Yans speech was wonderful. Thats true. We clapped our hands _ many times during his speech yesterday. A. excited B. excitedly C. exciting D. exciting

11、ly( )9. How is your mother now? She is _ to go to work.A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough考点五 副词的种类种类常见例词时间副词 now, then, early, today, soon, finally, before, ago, yesterday频度副词 often, always, usually, seldom, ever, never, sometimes, hardly地点副词 here, there, everywhere, anywher

12、e, in, out, inside, outside, down, back , home, upstairs方式副词 carefully, properly, suddenly, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly.程度副词 much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, completely, almost疑问副词 how, when, where, why连接副词 however， how, when, where, why

13、关系副词 when, where, why( ) 10. As we know its difficult to live in a foreign country. _if you cant understand the language there. A. ExactlyB. NaturallyC. UsuallyD. Especially( ) 11. Fred is studying Chinese in one evening school. Is that true? He has_told me about it.A. ever B. even C. already D. nev

14、er( ) 12. What happened outside just now? A car hit a man. _, the man wasnt badly hurt. A. Luckily B. Hardly C. Unluckily D. Especially( ) 13. Alex, did you find our old school last week? Yes, but with much difficulty, for it has_ changed over these years.A. completely B. never C. hardly D. partly(

15、) 14. Teenagers should be encouraged to go _and be close to nature. A. inside B. back C. outside D. off考点六 形容词和副词的比较等级 在英语的形容词和副词中，表示“比较”和“最”这个概念时，要用特别的形式表示，称为比较级和最高级。相对而言，原来的形式为原级。 即: 形容词和副词在应用中有三个级别，原级，比较级，最高级。 在形容词和副词后加上“-er”表示“比较”加上“-est ”表示 “最.” 1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下：不同情况变化规则例 词一般情况直接加 er， -

16、esttall-taller-tallest small-smaller-smallest以不发音的字母e结尾的词加 r ，-stnice-nicer-nicestlarge-larger-largest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er ，-estdry-drier-driesthappy-happier-happiestheavy-heavier-heaviest early-earlier-earliest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写辅音字母，再加-er ，-estthin-thinner-thinnest big-bigger-biggest多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加

17、 more ，mostdelicious-more delicious- most delicious（1）规则变化（2）不规则变化原级比较级最高级巧 记good/ wellbetterbest特殊形式比较级， 共有三对二合一；坏病两多并两好， little意思不是小；一分为二有两个， 一是老来二是远。bad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法级级别别比较程度比较程度表达方式和意义表达方

18、式和意义例例 句句备备 注注原原级级同同等等程程度度肯定肯定形式形式as+原级原级+as (A=B)Art is as interesting as music.Play as well as you can.as可以用可以用于肯定句于肯定句和否定句和否定句so只用于只用于否定句否定句否定否定形式形式not + so /as+原级原级+as (AB)English is not so difficult as science.She does not study so well as I do.比比较较级级不同程度不同程度（两者比（两者比较）较）比较级比较级 + than(AB)Jim is

19、a little older than Lucy.Jim 比比Lucy高一点。高一点。I like pork better than beef.常用来修常用来修饰形容词饰形容词比较级的比较级的词：词：两多两多much/a lot; 两少两少a little/a bit以及以及far, even, still, rather, three times等。等。表程度加表程度加深深比较级比较级+and+比比较级较级越来越越来越The + 比较级，比较级，the + 比较级比较级越越, 越越He is growing taller and taller.他长得越来越高。他长得越来越高。The more

20、 books she reads, the better she understands.两者中较两者中较为突出的为突出的一个一个the + 比较级比较级 + of the twoLucy is the taller of the twin sisters.Lucy是双胞胎姐妹中较高的是双胞胎姐妹中较高的一个。一个。量化比较量化比较数量数量/倍数倍数+比较比较级级+ than Jack is three years older than Tom.The ruler is as twice longer as that one.( )15. Of the two shirts, Id like

21、to choose the _ one to save some money for a cap.A. cheapestB. cheaperC. more expensive D. most expensive( )16. The box was _ than I had expected. I was out of breath when I got home.A. more heavierB. much heavierC. little heavier D. very heavier( ) 17. My teachers often encourage me _ more friends

22、but I find it difficult. Your teachers idea is right. The more friends you make, _ you will be. A. to make; the more happy B. to make; happierC. making; the happier D. to make; the happier( )18. Peter speaks Chinese well indeed, but of course not _ a local speaker in China.A. so fluently as B. more

23、fluent than C. as fluent as D. much fluently than( )19. Li Lei is running _ now.A. more and more slowly B. slowlier and slowlierC. slowly and slowly D. more slowly and more slowly3. 形容词和副词最高级的用法(1)最高级前常用的修饰语： the（副词最高级前面的the 往往省略）。如： I like the song best.(2)the+最高级+ of/in (三者及以上范围的)/ A,B() or C ? My

24、 mother is the busiest in my family.(3)the + 序数词 +最高级 +名词+ in/of+比较范围 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.(4)one of the+最高级 +名词复数 + in/of +比较范围Shenzhen is one of the biggest cities in China. (5)This is the+最高级+名词 (that) I meet/know/This is the most beautiful city that I have ever v

25、isited. ( ) 20. The Changjiang River is one of _ in the world. A. the longest rivers B. the longest river C. longer rivers D. longer river( ) 21.Of the three TV programs, which one do you think is _? I think A Bite of China is.A. interesting B. more interestingC. the most interesting D. interested(

26、) 22. How about the film last night?Well, its _film Ive ever seen. I nearly fell asleep in the cinema. A. worst B. the worst C. badD. worse考点七 形容词和副词比较等级之间的转换 在英语表达中，根据不同情境的需要，同一句话可用原级，比较级，最高级三种方式表达。如： Jim is the tallest (boy) in our class. (最高级) Jim是我们班最高的男孩。 =Jim is taller than any other boy in ou

27、r class. (比较级)Jim比我们班上任何一个男孩都高。 = Jim is taller than the other boys in our class. (比较级)在我们班上Jim比其他的男孩都高。 = No one else in our class is as tall as Jim. (原级)我们班上没有人和Jim一样高。( ) 23. Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world. That is, it is larger than _ country in Asia. A. any B.

28、any other C. other D. another( ) 24. Do you enjoy Han Leis songs? Yes. He is the winner of Im A Singer . I cant think of anyone with a _ voice. A. better B. best C. more D. most考点八 几个应注意的问题 1、有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。如：Dont wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep.The old man is alone.2、有

29、些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early, hard等。单词单词词性词性例例 句句lateadj.Hurry up. Dont be late for school.adv.“Tom, you came to school late again!”, said Mrs. Black angrily.wideadj.The road is so wide that eight buses can go throw it at a time.adv.Open your mouth wide.单词单词词性词性例例 句句fastadj.You can take a f