AndroidBLE与终端通信(三)——客户端与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信

1、Android BLE与终端通信（三）客户端与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信一.蓝牙数据传输蓝牙数据传输其实跟我们的 Socket（套接字）有点类似，如果有不懂的，可以百度一下概念，我们只要知道是这么回事就可以了，在网络中使用Socket和ServerSocket控制客户端和服务端来数据读写。而蓝牙通讯也是由客户端和服务端来完成的，蓝牙客户端Socket是BluetoothSocket,蓝牙服务端Socket是BluetoothServerSocket,这两个类都在Android.bluetooth包下，而且无论是BluetoothSocket还是BluetoothServerSocket，我

2、们都需要一个UUID（标识符），这个UUID在上篇也是有提到，而且他的格式也是固定的：UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12)第一段是8位，中间三段式4位，最后一段是12位，UUID相当于Socket的端口，而蓝牙地址则相当于Socket的IP1.activity_main.xml<LinearLayout xmlns:android=" xmlns:tools=" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_heig

3、ht="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:onClick="btnSearch" android:text="搜索蓝牙设备" /> <ListView android:id="+id/lvDevices&qu

4、ot; android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" /></LinearLayout>2.实现步骤1.声明我们需要的东西 / 本地蓝牙适配器 private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; / 列表 private ListView lvDevices; / 存储搜索到的蓝牙 private List<String> bluetoo

5、thDevices = new ArrayList<String>(); / listview的adapter private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter; / UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUID private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID .fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3"); / 连接对象的名称 private final String NAME = "LGL" / 这里本身即是服务

6、端也是客户端，需要如下类 private BluetoothSocket clientSocket; private BluetoothDevice device; / 输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出 private OutputStream os;2.初始化/ 获取本地蓝牙适配器 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); / 判断手机是否支持蓝牙 if (mBluetoothAdapter = null) Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SH

7、ORT).show(); finish(); / 判断是否打开蓝牙 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled() / 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开 Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, 1); / 不做提示，强行打开 / mBluetoothAdapter.enable(); / 初始化listview lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices); lvD

8、evices.setOnItemClickListener(this); / 获取已经配对的设备 Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter .getBondedDevices(); / 判断是否有配对过的设备 if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) / 遍历到列表中 bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAd

9、dress() + "n"); / adapter arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1, bluetoothDevices); lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter); /* * 异步搜索蓝牙设备广播接收 */ / 找到设备的广播 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);

10、 / 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter); / 搜索完成的广播 filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED); / 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter); 3.点击搜索public void btnSearch(View v) / 设置进度条 setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle("正在搜索."); / 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜

11、索，就取消搜索 if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering() mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); / 开始搜索 mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); 4.搜索设备private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) / 收到的广播类型 String action = intent.getAc

12、tion(); / 发现设备的广播 if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action) / 从intent中获取设备 BluetoothDevice device = intent .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); / 判断是否配对过 if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) / 添加到列表 bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":" + devi

13、ce.getAddress() + "n"); arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); / 搜索完成 else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED .equals(action) / 关闭进度条 setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle("搜索完成！"); ;5.客户端实现已经发送数据流 / 客户端 Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?&

14、gt; parent, View view, int position, long id) / 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名 String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position); / 单独解析地址 String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim(); / 主动连接蓝牙 try / 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索 if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering() mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); try / 判断是否

15、可以获得 if (device = null) / 获得远程设备 device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); / 开始连接 if (clientSocket = null) clientSocket = device .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); / 连接 clientSocket.connect(); / 获得输出流 os = clientSocket.getOutputStream(); catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle except

16、ion / 如果成功获得输出流 if (os != null) os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"); catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle exception 6.Handler服务/ 服务端，需要监听客户端的线程类 private Handler handler = new Handler() public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, Str

17、ing.valueOf(msg.obj), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); super.handleMessage(msg); ;7.服务端读取数据流/ 线程服务类 private class AcceptThread extends Thread private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket; private BluetoothSocket socket; / 输入 输出流 private OutputStream os; private InputStream is; public AcceptThread() try ser

18、verSocket = mBluetoothAdapter .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID); catch (IOException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); Override public void run() / 截获客户端的蓝牙消息 try socket = serverSocket.accept(); / 如果阻塞了，就会一直停留在这里 is = socket.getInputStream(); os = socket.getOu

19、tputStream(); / 不断接收请求,如果客户端没有发送的话还是会阻塞 while (true) / 每次只发送128个字节 byte buffer = new byte128; / 读取 int count = is.read(); / 如果读取到了，我们就发送刚才的那个Toast Message msg = new Message(); msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8"); handler.sendMessage(msg); catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle exce

20、ption 8.开启服务首先要声明 /启动服务 ac = new AcceptThread(); ac.start();MainActivity完整代码package com.lgl.bluetoothget;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Set;import java.util.UUID;import android.app.Ac

21、tivity;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.conte

22、nt.IntentFilter;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.ArrayAd

23、apter;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ListView;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener / 本地蓝牙适配器 private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; / 列表 private ListView lvDevices; / 存储搜索到的蓝牙 pri

24、vate List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>(); / listview的adapter private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter; / UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUID private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID .fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3"); / 连接对象的名称 private final String NA

25、ME = "LGL" / 这里本身即是服务端也是客户端，需要如下类 private BluetoothSocket clientSocket; private BluetoothDevice device; / 输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出 private OutputStream os; /线程类的实例 private AcceptThread ac; Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView

26、(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); private void initView() / 获取本地蓝牙适配器 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); / 判断手机是否支持蓝牙 if (mBluetoothAdapter = null) Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); finish(); / 判断是否打开蓝牙 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()

27、 / 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开 Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, 1); / 不做提示，强行打开 / mBluetoothAdapter.enable(); / 初始化listview lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices); lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this); / 获取已经配对的设备 Set<BluetoothDev

28、ice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter .getBondedDevices(); / 判断是否有配对过的设备 if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) / 遍历到列表中 bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress() + "n"); / adapter arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter&

29、lt;String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1, bluetoothDices); lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter); /启动服务 ac = new AcceptThread(); ac.start(); /* * 异步搜索蓝牙设备广播接收 */ / 找到设备的广播 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); / 注册广播 registerReceiver(re

30、ceiver, filter); / 搜索完成的广播 filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED); / 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter); public void btnSearch(View v) / 设置进度条 setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle("正在搜索."); / 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索 if (mBluetoothAdapter.isD

31、iscovering() mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); / 开始搜索 mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); / 广播接收器 private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) / 收到的广播类型 String action = intent.getAction(); / 发现设备的广播 if (Bluetooth

32、Device.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action) / 从intent中获取设备 BluetoothDevice device = intent .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); / 判断是否配对过 if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) / 添加到列表 bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress() + "n"

33、); arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); / 搜索完成 else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED .equals(action) / 关闭进度条 setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle("搜索完成！"); ; / 客户端 Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)

34、 / 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名 String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position); / 单独解析地址 String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim(); / 主动连接蓝牙 try / 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索 if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering() mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); try / 判断是否可以获得 if (device = null) / 获得远程设备 device = mBl

35、uetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); / 开始连接 if (clientSocket = null) clientSocket = device .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); / 连接 clientSocket.connect(); / 获得输出流 os = clientSocket.getOutputStream(); catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle exception / 如果成功获得输出流 if (os != null) os.write("Hello Bluetooth!&qu