2019_2020学年新教材高中英语Unit3TheworldofscienceSectionⅣDevelopingideas

1、Section IV Developing ideas & Presenting ideas泛读户技能初养成qKi-11mryaigiwi:工,课文助读i阅读Reading 2 的材料，选出最佳选项1. Who proved the Franklin's experiment was not true?A. Franklin himself.B. His neighbors.C. Some scientists.D. Some students.2. Which story has also been mentioned and questioned?A. Franklin&#

2、39;s life story.B. Franklin's work as a scientist.C. Newton's theory of gravity.D. Lightning made by electricity.3. From the first two paragraphs , what do we know about the experiment?A. Only Franklin wanted to know the relation between electricity and lightning.B. Franklin taught many chil

3、dren about his findings in different schools.C. People had already known the cause of lightning before Franklin's experiment.D. As a scientist Franklin was admired for his attitude to science.4. What people are inspired for in Franklin's story?A. His bravery and approach.B. The kite with a k

4、ey tied to the string.C. The stormy weather with lightning.D. His touching on the metal key.5. In which aspect Franklin's experiment was NOT true?A. His story and the details of the experiment.B. His bravery and his scientific approach.C. The key tied to the string of the kite.D. His death from

5、the electric shock.6. What do we know a bout the Newton's story?A. The scientists didn't see the apple falling on Newton's head.B. Scientists like to question everything around them.C. No one can prove the apple really hit Newton on the head.D. The falling apple inspired Newton to think

6、deeply about why.答案1-6 CCDAADI要点直击Words And Phrases知识要点1 instancen.例子，实例（教材 P29）For instance , some restaurants in London have served 3D - printed hamburgers to customers.例如，在伦敦，一些餐馆已经向顾客提供3D打印出来的汉堡了。例 1 In many instances people were left without any money at all.在很多情况下，人们会落到身无分文的地步。例 2 What would y

7、ou do, for instance , if you found a memberof staff stealing?比如说，如果你发现有职员偷东西，你会怎么办？造句很多地方都有了改进，比如鼠标的两个按键。There are a number of improvements；for instance , the mouse buttons.知识拓展for instance例如；譬如in the first instance首先； 第一步at sb.'s instance经某人请求；在某人的敦促下即学即练单句语法填空 In most instances （instance） , th

8、ere will be no need for further treatment. In the first instance your child will be seen by an ear, nose, and throatspecialist.知识要点2 injure v.伤害；使受伤；损害；伤害（名誉、自尊等）（教材 P>9）And it is not just humans who are benefiting - in Brazil, people havegiven a new 3D - printed shell to a turtleinjured in a for

9、est fire!并且不仅仅是人类正在受益，在巴西，人们已经给一只在森林大火中受伤的海龟换上了 一个3D打印出来的龟壳。例 1 Too much smoking will injure the voice.吸烟太多会损害嗓音。例 2 Three people were killed and fiveinjured in the crash.撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。造句这会严重损害学校的声誉。This could seriously injure the school's reputation.伤害；损伤；受伤处受伤的知识拓展injury n.injured adj .the i

10、njured受伤的人即学即练单句语法填空E. The injury (injure)was quite painful and I couldn't move my arm for a month I hated that.F. The woman injured (injury) in the car crash is still under treatment in hospital.小片段填空An injured man was taken to the hospital, where the doctors found he sufferedsevere injuries to

11、 the head and arms and they wondered who had injured him.一个受伤的人被送到了医院，在那里医生发现他的头部和胳膊都受到了严重的伤害，他 们很疑惑是谁伤害了他。知识要点 3 (教材 P3o) A mountain on the Moon and a minor planet are named after him.月球上的一座山和一个小星球都是以他的名字命名的。(1) minor adj.次要的；不重要的；小的例 1 There are some very minor changes in words and punctuation.在用词

12、与标点方面有一些非常小的变化。例 2 There may be some minor changes to the schedule.时间安排也许会有些小小的变动。造句在这个组织中，这位老师发挥着相对次要的作用。The teacher played a relatively minor role in the organization.知识拓展minority n.少数；少数民族in the minority占少数即学即练单句语法填空 British households who do not have a car are only in the minority (minor) Writin

13、g an article about two ethnic minorities(minority)小片段填空There are 55 minorities in our country and there are some minor differencesbetween them.That is to say , the differences between them are in the minority.我们国家有55个少数民族，他们之间有一些较小的差异。也就是说他们之间的差异占少 数。(2) be named after 以命名例 1 Bill was born after his

14、 father died one month later andwas named after his father.比尔在父亲去世后一个月出生，以其父亲的名字命名。例 2 His name will remain unforgotten , for the greatest building was named after him.他的名字不会被忘记，因为那座宏伟的建筑是以他的名字命名的。造句这座桥是用那位献出了生命的英雄的名字命名的。The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life.知识拓展in the name of以的名义；代表

15、under the name (of)用的别名即学即练单句语法填空 There are many schools and hospitals named (name) after a great man Shao Yifu. I would like to give you some advice in the name of a friend.知识要点4 apart from 除之外(教材 P32) Apart from being a successful statesman , he was also well known as a leading American author , p

16、rinter and publisher , successful diplomat , creative scientist and inventor.除了是个成功的政治家以外，富兰克林也因为下面的身份而知名：一流的美国作家，印 刷和出版商，成功的外交家，有创意的科学家和发明家。例 1 Apart from providing warmth , what was fire used for?除了提供温暖之外，火是用来做什么的？例 2 This essay is good apart from a couple of spelling mistakes.除了有些拼写错误，这篇文章写得不错。造句

17、除足球外你还喜欢哪些运动？What other sports do you like apart from football?知识拓展apart from具有双重含义，既可以相当于except(for)/but ,意为"除以外，没有,”又可以相当于 besides/in addition to ,意为"除以外，还有”。in addition/besides 另夕卜，此夕卜tell.apart 区分开即学即练单句语法填空 Apart from caring(care)for her children, she has to take on some heavy time-co

18、nsuming housework.D It's easy to tell my pills apart because they're all different colours.知识要点5 attach vt.系；贴；连接（教材 P32） A metal key was attached to the string.一个金属钥匙被拴在了绳子上。例 1 He attached a stamp to the envelope.他在信封上贴了张邮票。例 2 They've attached a number of conditions to the agreement.他

19、们在协议上附加了 一些条件。造句他把马拴在了树上小睡了一会儿。He attached his horse to a tree and took a nap.知识拓展attachment n.附件，依恋be attached to固定在；依恋；附属于attach importance to重视即学即练单句语法填空 We should attach importance to learning (learn) basic skills. People with disabilities can go anywhereusing high-tech cameras attached(attach)

20、to their head.小片段填空The young boy is studying in the Senior high that is attached to Shandong University.He attaches great importance to learning biology and becomes a scientist as Tu Youyou.Everyday he attaches some small pieces of paper to his desk where there are many key points from the textbook.

21、这个男孩子在山东大学附属高中读书，他很重视生物的学习，想当一名像屠呦呦那样的 科学家。每天他都把课本上的知识点写在小纸片上，然后贴在书桌上。Sentence Patterns重点句式1make+宾语十宾补结构(教材 P32)For example , the title " Franklin's Experiment : How Much IsTrue?” makes it clear what question is being answered within the essay.例如题目“富兰克林的实验：真实性有多少？”表明了文章里面要回答的问题。句式分析：make it

22、 clear 是“mak什宾语十宾补”结构的一种特殊形式，其中 it为 形式宾语，真正的宾语为宾补后的that从句。例 1 The police officer made it clear that they were letting him go on the ground that he was too old.警官说明了一下他们把他放走基于他年龄大了。例 2 I have to make it clear that we have one key problem : that is technology.我想说清楚一点，我们的关键问题是技术问题。造句我想明确地说明我和这事没关系。I

23、9;d like to make it clear that I had nothing to do with this.知识拓展“make+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个常用句式。make后的宾语是不定式或 that从句或动名词，宾语补足语是形容词或名词，如果宾语较长，且宾语后面有补语时，这时往往把形 式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，把真正的宾语放在后面。与make用法相同的常用动词还有：find , feel , think , consider 等。该句型为： make/find/feel/think/consider + it + adj./ n. + that-clause/(for sb.)

24、to do sth.翻译 We think it not right that a child should be left alone in the house.(认为是不对的) We found it difficult to explain to him what happened.(觉得困难)即学即练单句语法填空 We must make it a duty to protect our common global environment. The rain made it more difficult for us to finish (finish) the work on tim

25、e.重点句式2 neithernor.既不也不(教材 P33)However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment areentirely true.然而故事和实验的细节都不完全真实。句式分析：neither.nor. 表示“既不也不"。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。例 1 Neither dad nor mum is at home today.今天父母都不在家。例 2 She likes neither butter nor cheese.她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。造句他既不知道也不关心发生了什么。

26、He neither knows nor cares what happened.知识拓展(1)neither.nor. 连接两个宾语.当 neither.nor.连接两个主语时，也应遵循(2)若将 neither.nor.“就近原则”。句型变为肯定句，只需把 neither.nor.bothand 即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。（3）还可以单独使用neither作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。（4）neither 或nor还有另外一种用法，就是当表达一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做 同一类事时，可用 neither或nor进行简略回答。其结构为：Neither / Nor +助动词/ 情

27、态动词/ be 动词+主语。翻译 Neither of them likes football.（他俩任何一个都不 ） I haven't been to my father's hometown and neither has my sister.（我姐姐也没有）即学即练单句语法填空 I hadn't been to New York before and neither had Jane. He cannot see and nor could he hear until one month ago.匚|阅读技能“推理判断题（1）提分技巧：推理判断题中也含有对细节的

28、理解，考查的内容虽然也属于原文细节，但它 要求考生在原文的基础上对文章信息进行分析、理解、推断，立足于由已知推断未知。首先 要定位信息。通过速读找到题目和文章中相对应的信息点；其次是字面理解。理解相关信息 点的字面意思；最后是深层理解。结合语境和常识，在理解字面意思的基础上进行符合逻辑 的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。细节推断题的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但推理时我 们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推理的依据，进行正向或逆向思考，推断出隐含 的深层含义，推断时要做到判断有据，推论有理。切忌主观臆断、过度推断、错误推断和以 细节代替推断。典例（2018-全国卷I 阅读理解C节选）Langu

29、ages have been coming and going for thousands of years , but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter -gatherers , small , tightly knit （联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language expert

30、s believe that 10, 000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. .28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patterns.D They were cl

31、osely connected.B 根据本段最后一句“Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago ，when the world had just five to ten million people ， they spoke perhaps 12， 000 languages between them. ”可推知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言种类却很多，故选B。 请迅速找出下面段落中的针对该题目的推理信息At the age of 4， I began attending the choir at St.James Church.My

32、mother decided that joining the choir would provide me with musical instruction.I was initially joined by a lot of kids at St.James ， making choir a fun ， social task ， but as I grew older ， one by one ， my friends began dropping out.St.James was situated on the Upper East Side ， one of the fanciest

33、 areas in New York ， while I came from the Brooklyn neighborhood of Bushwick.Some children at the choir proudly showed off the signs of their good education whose cost was nearly as much as my mother's yearly wage ， while I wore my uniform of jeans and a T - shirt.They knew me as the girl from B

34、rooklyn ， the chorister who went to public school.This discrepancy( 差异 ) made me very uncomfortable.I begged my mom to let me follow the path of my friends， but she replied witha “ no” As the years went on ， I continued to bother my mother.Her answers began to lessen in severity.She said “ Just do i

35、t for one more year ” or “ Are you sure ？” Not seeing much hope ， I began to withdraw my constant requests.Gradually I enjoyed finding my voice every week in church.After years in the choir， people started toacknowledge me for my voice rather than my address and I began to appreciate music and my ha

36、bitual complaints about the choir were completely gone.Through the choir ， I learned that if you continue with something long enough，you will receive some sort of benefit from it and maybe even grow to love it.Because of the choir ， I found my voice in a small church.Because of the choir， I am willi

37、ngto go wherever life will take me with an open mind.How did the author's mother react to her repeated requests？ ( )A She didn't refuse them flatly.8 She was very angry about them.C She agreed to them completely.D She simply ignored them.A 推理判断题。由第三段中的“she replied with a no， Just do it for o

38、ne moreyear or Are you sure ？”可知，在作者提出想退出唱诗班时，作者的母亲起初态度坚决，在作者的一再请求下，母亲没有断然拒绝，态度有所缓和，但仍希望她坚持下去。太殖心作文巧升格-I .文体指导-I实验报告实验报告属于说明文，主要用来说明实验的目的，过程以及实验的结果。全文可以分为三个部分，首先说明实验的目的和实验所需要的实验器材；然后说明实验所采用的方法，实验具体过程以及实验所得到的结果；最后根据实验的情况得出相应的结论。基本中g架1 .开头(beginning)交代实验的目的和所需器材2 .主体(body)介绍实验方法、过程及结果3 .结尾(ending)写出实验

39、结论常用词块1. make good preparations for the experiment为实验做好充分准备2. do the experiment as follows按照如下做实验3. find a better way of doing it找到一个更好的方式来做4. be under observation正在观察中5. make a good study 做好充分研究常用语句精彩开头1. We carry out the experiment to find out why it rusts.我们做实验是为了发现它为什么会生锈。2. The aim of the exper

40、iment is to find the cause of giving away the gas.实验的目的是为了找到释放气体的原因。3. . With the purpose of discovering how it reacts with acid, we carry out theexperiment.为了发现它是怎么和酸发生反应的，我们进行了这次实验。丰满主体1. Before we started , we prepared a candle , a glass , a basin and some water.开始之前，我们准备了一支蜡烛，一个玻璃杯，一个盆子还有一些水。2. The glass must be a little higher than the candle so that we can see the resul