高考英语定语从句(关系代词)用法

1、高考英语定语从句用法及专练一.定义：1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2 Yesterday I

2、 helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1 Mr. Liu is the person (whom you talked about on the bus.(2 Mr. Ling is just the boy （whom） I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3 The man （who/whom） you met just now is my friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1 Football i

3、s a game which is liked by most boys.(2 This is the pen (which he bought yesterday.4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1 The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(2 Where is the man （that/whom） I saw this morning?(3 This is the pen

4、 （that/which） he bought yesterday.5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1 He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2 I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(1 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(2 The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaire

5、d.(3 Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?(4 Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（根据先行词还原法）关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(先行词若指物关系词只能用which,若指人只能用whom,此时关系词不可省略(1 The school (that/which he once studied in is very famous.(2 The school in which he once studied is ve

6、ry famous.(3 Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which you asked for.(4 Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5 We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who we have often talked about.(6 We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：含

7、有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1 This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T(2 This is the watch for which I am looking. (F下列情况下用that:1、先行词为all, everything, much, little, few, none, the one等2、先行词为序数词、最高级、the only, the very等修饰时3、先行词中既有人又有物时4、主句以who, which开头，或先行词是who时eg. 1

8、. Is there anything that I can do for you?2. The first place that they visited is Summer Palace.3. This is the biggest apple that I have ever eaten.4. They are talking about the teachers and subjects that they know well.5. Which is the book that you read just now?下列情况下用who:1、先行词为one, ones, anyone, t

9、hose等并且指人时2、当主句是there be结构时3、当先行词是I、you、he、they人称代词主格时eg. 1. People thank those who worked hard to save surviors.2. There are many people who walk in the street.3. He who helps others gets help.Fill in the blank with the relative pronoun1. The man is painting the house is my uncle.2. The girl I spoke to was a student.3. Who is the boy to you just now talked?4. The dictionary he paid 50 yuan for is very useful.5. The hospital was built last year will open soon.6. Whats the animal baby is sleeping in its pocket?7. All Im going to do is good.8. Thi